5.DRF组件

REST_FRAMEWORK={
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES':( #drf认证
        'opt.authentication.CustomAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'
    ),
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES':( #drf权限设置
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly',
        #'opt.permissions.IsXiaoMingRermission',
    ),
    #  'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES':[ #drf流量设置
    #     'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle',
    #     'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle',
    #     'rest_framework.throttling.ScopedRateThrottle'
    #  ],
    # 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES':{ #drf具体配置
    #     'anon':"2/day",
    #     'user':"5/day",
    #     'vip':'3/min'
    # },
    # 'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS':[ #drf 过滤器
    #     'django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend', #过滤
    #     'rest_framework.filters.OrderingFilter' #排序
    # ],
   # 'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS':'rest_framework.pagination.LimitOffsetPagination',#偏移量分页器
   #  'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',  # 页码分页器
   #
   #  'PAGE_SIZE':5,
    #"EXCEPTION_HANDLER":('opt.exceptions.custom_exception_handler') #自定义异常处理
}

drf认证

全局配置

'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES':( #drf认证
    'opt.authentication.CustomAuthentication',
    'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
    'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'
)

局部配置

from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication,BasicAuthentication
class ExampleView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = [SessionAuthentication,BasicAuthentication]

自定义Custom认证

from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication,BasicAuthentication
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
class CustomAuthentication(BasicAuthentication):
    def authenticate(self, request):
        user=request.query_params.get("user")

        user=get_user_model().objects.filter(username=user).first()
        return (user,None)

drf权限设置

全局配置

'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES':( #drf权限设置
    'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly',
    #'opt.permissions.IsXiaoMingRermission',
),

局部配置

from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated,IsAdminUser,IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly
from .permissions import IsXiaoMingRermission
class HomeInfoAPIView(APIView):
    permission_classes=[IsAuthenticated]#只能被已经登录的用户访问
    #permission_classes = [IsAdminUser] #只能被已经登录的管理员访问
    #permission_classes = [IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly]  # 用户可读，登录可改

    #permission_classes=[IsXiaoMingRermission]

自定义权限

from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission
class IsXiaoMingRermission(BasePermission):
    def has_permission(self, request, view):
        #结果为True则表示可以访问
        return bool(request.user and request.user.username=='zzz')

drf限流

全局配置

 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES':[ #drf流量限置
    'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle',
    'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle',
    'rest_framework.throttling.ScopedRateThrottle'
 ],
'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES':{ #drf具体配置
    'anon':"2/day",
    'user':"5/day",
    'vip':'3/min'  #自定义vip
},

局部配置

from rest_framework.throttling import UserRateThrottle

class ControlAPIView(APIView):
    throttle_classes = [UserRateThrottle]
    throttle_scope='vip' 

drf过滤排序

pip install django-filter

局部配置

    filter_backends = [DjangoFilterBackend,OrderingFilter] #局部配置过滤和排序  过滤和排序必须同时使用
    filterset_fields = ['name', 'sex']
    ordering_fields=['id','age','classmeta']

全局配置

# 'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS':[ #drf 过滤器
#     'django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend', #过滤
#     'rest_framework.filters.OrderingFilter' #排序
# ],

使用方式

127.0.0.1:8000/api4/filter/?name=2lly 

127.0.0.1:8000/api4/filter/?name=2lly&ordering=-id

drf分页

全局配置

# 'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS':'rest_framework.pagination.LimitOffsetPagination',#偏移量分页器
#  'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',  # 页码分页器
#

局部配置

from rest_framework.pagination import LimitOffsetPagination,PageNumberPagination
from  .paging import StudentPage
class PagingAPIView(ListCreateAPIView):
    pagination_class = StudentPage

自定义分页

from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination
class StudentPage(PageNumberPagination):
    page_query_param = 'page'
    page_size_query_param = 'size'
    page_size = 2
    max_page_size = 4

使用方式

127.0.0.1:8000/api4/page/?page=2

127.0.0.1:8000/api4/page/?offset=5&page=2

drf异常处理

from rest_framework.views import exception_handler as drf_exception_handler
from rest_framework.response import Response
from django.db  import DataError
def custom_exception_handler(exc,context):
    response=drf_exception_handler(exc,context)
    if response is None:
        if isinstance(exc,ZeroDivisionError):
            response=Response({'msg':'0不能作为除数'})
        if isinstance(exc,DataError):
            response = Response({'msg': '数据异常'})
    return response

REST_FRAMEWORK={
	...
    "EXCEPTION_HANDLER":('opt.exceptions.custom_exception_handler')
}

drf接口文件

pip install coreapi

pip install drf-yasg