Java Web实现简单的登录功能_开发web应用程序,实现基于数据库的用户登录模块。要求:一个用户的信息有用户名和-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_61643713/article/details/122051952

配置好Tomcat，java环境，并部署到idea中。安装好MySQL。

1.首先，在数据库建一个User表，将用户名设置为主键

CREATE TABLE user(
username varchar(20) PRIMARY KEY,
password varchar(20) not null
);

2.在建好的数据库插入几条数据，例如：

3.写一个连接数据库工具类JDBCUtils类

package Utils;

import java.sql.*;

public class JDBCUtils {
//连接数据库方法getConnection()
    public Connection getConnection(){
        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/exam";
        String username="root";
        String password="123456";
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
            return conn;
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    //查
    public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql,Object...params){
        Connection conn=this.getConnection();
        try {
            PreparedStatement pamt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
//给占位符赋值
            if (params!=null && params.length!=0){
                for (int i=0;i<params.length;i++){
                    pamt.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
                }
            }
            ResultSet rs=pamt.executeQuery();
            return rs;
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    //增删改
    public int executeUpdate(String sql,Object...params){
//连接数据库
        Connection conn=this.getConnection();
        try {
            PreparedStatement pamt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
//给占位符赋值
            if (params!=null && params.length!=0){
                for (int i=0;i<params.length;i++){
                    pamt.setObject(i+1,params[i]);
                }
            }
            int result=pamt.executeUpdate();
            return result;
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                throwables.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }
//释放资源
    public void close(ResultSet rs){
        try {
            rs.getStatement().getConnection().close();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

4.创建一个实体类User类

package login.entity;

public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;

    public User(String username, String password) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public User() {
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}

5.创建一个LoginDao类，用于进行查询数据库内容的具体方法，该方法继承JDBCUtils工具类

package login.dao;

import Utils.JDBCUtils;
import register.entity.User;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class LoginDao extends JDBCUtils {
    public User login(User user){
        String sql="select * from  user where username=? and password=?";
        ResultSet rs=super.executeQuery(sql,user.getUsername(),user.getPassword());
        User user1=null;
        try {
            while (rs.next()){
                user1=new User();
                user1.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
                user1.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));
            }
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        return user1;
    }
}

6.创建一个登录页面login.jsp，在表单内填写用户名和密码，用post提交到LoginServlet。

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Lenovo
  Date: 2021/12/18
  Time: 21:43
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/Login" method="post">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>用户名：</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>密码：</td>
            <td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2">
                <input type="submit" value="登录">
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

5.创建一个LoginServlet，获取login.jsp页面中的用户名密码，用于验证用户登录。

package login.servlet;

import login.dao.LoginDao;
import register.entity.User;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

@WebServlet(name = "LoginServlet", value = "/Login")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        PrintWriter out= response.getWriter();
        String username=request.getParameter("username");
        String password=request.getParameter("password");

        User user=new User(username,password);
        LoginDao dao=new LoginDao();

        User user1=dao.login(user);
        if (user1!=null){
            out.print("登录成功！");
        }else {
            out.print("登录失败！");
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

登录结果为：