ListView的简单使用

使用ListView的步骤：
1.添加ListView控件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    >
<ListView
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/listview"/>


</LinearLayout>

2.自定义一个布局，用于展示你要显示的每一项

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:src="@drawable/penhuolongx" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/name"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
            android:text="喷火龙x"
            android:textSize="20sp"
            android:textStyle="bold" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/title"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
            android:text="很强"
            android:textSize="15sp"
            android:textStyle="bold|italic" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

 效果如图：

3.添加数据类 

 

package com.example.listview1;

public class Data {
    String name;//名字
    String title;//描述
    int imageId;//图片源

    //构造函数
    public Data(String name, String title, int imageId) {
        this.name = name;
        this.title = title;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public int getImageId() {
        return imageId;
    }
}

4.自定义适配器

 

package com.example.listview1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private Activity activity;//存储要显示的每一项的布局
    private ArrayList<Data> arrayList;//存储要显示的数据

    //用于初始化activity和arrayList
    private void setData(Activity activity, ArrayList<Data> data) {
        this.activity = activity;
        this.arrayList = data;
    }

    //创建内部类ViewHolder，用于对控件实例进行缓存
    static class ViewHolder {
        TextView name, title;
        ImageView imageView;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return arrayList == null ? 0 : arrayList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int i) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int i) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        
        if (view == null) {
            view = LayoutInflater.from(activity).inflate(R.layout.item_layout, viewGroup, false);
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            viewHolder.name = view.findViewById(R.id.name);
            viewHolder.title = view.findViewById(R.id.title);
            viewHolder.imageView = view.findViewById(R.id.image);

            view.setTag(viewHolder);
        } else {
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }
        Data data = arrayList.get(i);
        if (data != null) {
            viewHolder.name.setText(data.getName());
            viewHolder.title.setText(data.getTitle());
            viewHolder.imageView.setImageResource(data.getImageId());
        }
        return view;
    }
}

5.准备数据，并通过适配器传给ListView显示

package com.example.listview1;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ListView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class mainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    ListView listView;
    private MyAdapter myAdapter;
    private ArrayList<Data> arrayList=new ArrayList<>();//创建ArrayList
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        listView=findViewById(R.id.listview);//绑定控件
        initdata();//初始化数据
        myAdapter=new MyAdapter();//初始化适配器
        myAdapter.setData(mainActivity.this,arrayList);//向适配器中传入数据和活动
        listView.setAdapter(myAdapter);//为listview添加适配器

    }
    //初始化数据函数
    public void initdata(){
        arrayList.add(new Data("喷火龙X","很强",R.drawable.penhuolongx));
        arrayList.add(new Data("喷火龙Y","很强",R.drawable.penhuolongy));
        arrayList.add(new Data("妙蛙花","稍弱",R.drawable.miaowahua));
        arrayList.add(new Data("水箭龟","强",R.drawable.shuijiangui));
    }
}

6.添加ListView 的点击事件

        //listview的点击事件
        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
                Data data=arrayList.get(i);//获取当前点击的是数组中的第几个
                Toast.makeText(mainActivity.this,data.getName(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

最后效果：