第十章：枚举和注解

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已于 2022-09-21 11:28:20 修改

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： java

于 2022-09-21 11:23:41 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_61927991/article/details/126962109

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（3）@SuppressWarning({" "}):

一、枚举

（1）自定义枚举：

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(Season.SPRING);
    }
}

class Season {//类
    private String name;
    private String desc; //描述

    //定义了四个对象
    public final static Season SPRING = new Season("春天","温暖");
    public final static Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天","炎热");
    public final static Season WINTER = new Season("冬天","寒冷");
    public final static Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋天","舒服");

    //1构造器私有化
    //2去掉setXxx方法，防止属性被修改
    //3在Season 内部，直接创建固定的对象
    //4优化加入final
    private Season(String name, String desc) {
        this.name = name;
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", desc='" + desc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（2）使用enum关键字：

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(Season.SPRING);
    }
}

enum Season {//类
    //使用enum关键字
    //1.使用关键字 enum 替代 class
    //2.public final static Season SPRING = new Season("春天","温暖");
    // 直接用 Spring("春天","温暖")代替  常量名(实参列表)
    //3.多个常量使用,号间隔
    //4.使用enum 来实现枚举，要求将常量定义对象，写在前面
    SPRING("春天","温暖"),
    SUMMER("夏天","炎热"),
    WINTER("冬天","寒冷"),
    AUTUMN("秋天","舒服");

    private String name;
    private String desc; //描述

    private Season(String name, String desc) {
        this.name = name;
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", desc='" + desc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

细节单独写一个 WINTER调用的是无参构造

（3）enum常用的方法：

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Season autumn = Season.AUTUMN;
        System.out.println(autumn.name()); //输出这个枚举对象的名称
        System.out.println(autumn.ordinal()); //输出的是该枚举的次序/编号，从零开始
        Season[] values = Season.values(); //返回一个数组
        for (Season season:values){  //增强for循环
            System.out.println(season);
        }
    }
}

enum Season {//类
    SPRING("春天","温暖"),
    SUMMER("夏天","炎热"),
    WINTER("冬天","寒冷"),
    AUTUMN("秋天","舒服");

    private String name;
    private String desc; //描述

    private Season(String name, String desc) {
        this.name = name;
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", desc='" + desc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（4）案例：声明Week类，其中包含星期一到星期日的定义：MONDAY,TUESDAY,WEDNSDAY,THURSDAY,FRIDAY,SATURDAY,SUNDAY，遍历

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Week[] values = Week.values();
        System.out.println("====所有星期如下====");
        for (Week week : values){
            System.out.println(week.getName());
        }
    }
}

enum Week{
    MONDAY("星期一"),
    TUESDAY("星期二"),
    WEDNESDAY("星期三"),
    THURSDAY("星期四"),
    FRIDAY("星期五"),
    SATURDAY("星期六"),
    SUNDAY("星期日");

    private String name;

    private Week(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Week{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

二、注解

（1）@Override注解：

只能修饰方法，不能修饰包，类，表示重写

（2）@Deprecated：

修饰一个元素表示一个元素已经过时了，但是任然可以使用

（3）@SuppressWarning({" "}):

all屏蔽所有错误

（4）@Retention注解有三个值：

RetentionPolicy.SOURCE:编译器使用后，直接丢弃这种策略的注释

RetentionPolicy.CLASS:编译会把注解记录在class文件中，当运行java序时，JVM不会保留注解。这是默认值

RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME:编译器把注解记录在class文件中，通过反射获取该注解

三、家庭作业

（1）

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(new Frock().getSerialNumber());
        System.out.println(new Frock().getSerialNumber());
        System.out.println(new Frock().getSerialNumber());

    }
}

class Frock {
    private static int currentNum = 100000;
    private int serialNumber;

    public Frock() {
        this.serialNumber = getNextNum();
    }

    public static int getNextNum() {
        currentNum += 100;
        return currentNum;
    }

    public int getSerialNumber() {
        return serialNumber;
    }
}

（2）

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal cat = new Cat();
        Animal dog = new Dog();
        cat.shout();
        dog.shout();

    }
}

abstract class Animal {
    public abstract void shout();
}

class Cat extends Animal{
    @Override
    public void shout() {
        System.out.println("猫会喵喵叫");
    }
}

class Dog extends Animal{
    @Override
    public void shout() {
        System.out.println("狗会汪汪叫");
    }
}

（3）

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Cellphone().testWork(new ICalculate() {
            @Override
            public double work(double a, double b) {
                return a + b;
            }
        }, 10, 20);
    }
}

interface ICalculate {
    public double work(double a, double b);
}

class Cellphone {
    public void testWork(ICalculate iCalculate, double a, double b) {
        double work = iCalculate.work(a, b);
        System.out.println("计算结果为：" + work);
    }
}

（4）

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new A().f1();
    }
}

class A {
    private String name = "好好学Java";

    public void f1() {
        class B {
            private String name = "韩顺平教育";

            public void show() {
                System.out.println(name);
                System.out.println(A.this.name);
            }
        }
        new B().show();
    }
}

（5）

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Person("唐僧",new Boat()).common();
        new Person("唐僧",new Horse()).passRiver();
    }
}

interface Vehicles {
    void work();
}

class Horse implements Vehicles {
    @Override
    public void work() {
        System.out.println("使用马走路");
    }
}

class Boat implements Vehicles {
    @Override
    public void work() {
        System.out.println("使用船过河");
    }
}

class Tools {
    public static Horse getHorse() {
        return new Horse();
    }

    public static Boat getBoat() {
        return new Boat();
    }
}

class Person{
    private String name;
    private Vehicles vehicles;

    public Person(String name, Vehicles vehicles) {
        this.name = name;
        this.vehicles = vehicles;
    }

    public void passRiver(){
        if (vehicles == null){
            vehicles = Tools.getBoat();
        }
        vehicles.work();
    }

    public void common(){
        if (vehicles == null){
            vehicles = Tools.getHorse();
        }
        vehicles.work();
    }
}

（6）

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Car(45).new Air().flow();
        new Car(15).new Air().flow();
        new Car(-5).new Air().flow();
    }
}

class Car{
    private int temperature;

    public Car(int temperature) {
        this.temperature = temperature;
    }

    class Air{
        public void flow(){
            if (Car.this.temperature > 40){
                System.out.println("冷风");
                return;
            }else if(Car.this.temperature < 0){
                System.out.println("热风");
                return;
            }
            System.out.println("不开");
        }
    }
}

（7）

public class Hello {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Color blue = Color.BLUE;
        blue.show();
        System.out.println(blue);
        switch (blue) {
            case RED:
                System.out.println("匹配到红色");
                break;
            case BLUE:
                System.out.println("匹配到蓝色");
                break;
            case YELLOW:
                System.out.println("匹配到黄色");
                break;
        }
    }
}

interface ShowColor {
    void show();
}

enum Color implements ShowColor {
    RED(255, 0, 0),
    BLUE(0, 0, 255),
    BLACK(0, 0, 0),
    YELLOW(255, 255, 0),
    GREEN(0, 255, 0);

    private int redValue;
    private int greenValue;
    private int blueValue;

    private Color(int redValue, int greenValue, int blueValue) {
        this.redValue = redValue;
        this.greenValue = greenValue;
        this.blueValue = blueValue;
    }

    public int getRedValue() {
        return redValue;
    }

    public int getGreenValue() {
        return greenValue;
    }

    public int getBlueValue() {
        return blueValue;
    }

    @Override
    public void show() {
        System.out.println("蓝：" + getBlueValue() + "红：" + getRedValue() + "绿：" + getGreenValue());
    }
}

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第十章：枚举和注解

（4）案例：声明Week类，其中包含星期一到星期日的定义：MONDAY,TUESDAY,WEDNSDAY,THURSDAY,FRIDAY,SATURDAY,SUNDAY，遍历。RetentionPolicy.CLASS:编译会把注解记录在class文件中，当运行java序时，JVM不会保留注解。RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME:编译器把注解记录在class文件中，通过反射获取该注解。修饰一个元素表示一个元素已经过时了，但是任然可以使用。只能修饰方法，不能修饰包，类，表示重写。
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