2.MyBatis

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已于 2022-11-11 11:01:56 修改

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分类专栏： javaweb 文章标签： mybatis java

于 2022-10-13 13:23:31 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_61927991/article/details/127289564

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一、mybatis 快速入门

（1）入门、安装导入坐标

入门_MyBatis中文网

注：这里只是导入了mybatis和mysqlconnector，当然如果你需要导入日志文件和单元测试，你可以自己导入

<dependencies>
<!--        mybatis依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.46</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

（2）编写mybatis核心配置文件在resourses/mybatis-config.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
<!--                数据库连接信息-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jdbc?useSSL=false"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
<!--        加载sql映射文件-->
        <mapper resource="org/mybatis/example/BlogMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

（3）编写SQL映射文件，统一管理sql语句在resources新建UserMapper.xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace:命名空间-->
<mapper namespace="test">
    <select id="selectBlog" resultType="Blog">
        select * from Blog where id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

（4）编写一个PoJo类，在Java文件下新建 com.itheima.jopo文件夹里面新建User.Java类

package com.itheima.pojo;

public class User {
}

（5）修改SQL映射文件 UserMapper.xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace:命名空间-->
<mapper namespace="test">
    <select id="selectAll" resultType="com.itheima.pojo.User">
        select * from user;
    </select>
</mapper>

（6）修改mybatis-config.xml核心配置文件的加载sql映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
<!--                数据库连接信息-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jdbc?useSSL=false"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
<!--        加载sql映射文件-->
        <mapper resource="UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

（7）修改User类的属性，根据表中有的数据书写

package com.itheima.pojo;

//alt + 鼠标左键可以整列编辑
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String passwrod;
    private String token;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPasswrod() {
        return passwrod;
    }

    public void setPasswrod(String passwrod) {
        this.passwrod = passwrod;
    }

    public String getToken() {
        return token;
    }

    public void setToken(String token) {
        this.token = token;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", passwrod='" + passwrod + '\'' +
                ", token='" + token + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（7）书写测试文件在java下新建com.itheima.MybatisDemo.java文件

package com.itheima;

import com.itheima.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * mybatis 快速入门代码
 */
public class MybatisDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.加载mybatis的核心配置文件, 获取SqlSessionFactory  下面三行代码不用记官网上都有
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

        //2.获取sqlSession对象,用它来执行sql
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();

        //3.执行sqlSession  查询一个使用selectOne()  查询多个selectList()
        List<User> users = sqlSession.selectList("test.selectAll");

        System.out.println(users);

        //4.释放资源
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

（8）结束了，展示完成了的文件夹结构

二、Mapper 代理开发

目的：解决上面方式中的硬编码。简化后期执行SQL

（1）定义与SQL映射文件同名的Mapper接口。在Java文件夹下新建 com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper 接口

package com.itheima.mapper;

public interface UserMapper {
}

（2）让UserMapper接口与UserMapper.xml文件在同一个目录。所以在resourses文件下新建com.itheima.mapper文件再将其拖入。

注意：resources下的目录编译完是和java代码放到一起的。在resources下新建目录使用com/itheima/mapper 这样才对

（3）设置namespace的命名空间为全限定名

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace:命名空间-->
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="selectAll" resultType="com.itheima.pojo.User">
        select * from user;
    </select>
</mapper>

（4）在Mapper接口中定义方法，返回类型一致，方法名就是Id

package com.itheima.mapper;

import com.itheima.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    List<User> selectAll();
}

（5）修改一下mybatis.config.xml的映射文件的路径

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
<!--                数据库连接信息-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jdbc?useSSL=false"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
<!--        加载sql映射文件-->
        <mapper resource="com/itheima/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

（3）在新建一个测试文件mybatisDemo2放在com.itheima下

package com.itheima;

import com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.itheima.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * mybatis 代理开发
 */
public class MybatisDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //1.加载mybatis的核心配置文件, 获取SqlSessionFactory  下面三行代码不用记官网上都有
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

        //2.获取sqlSession对象,用它来执行sql
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();

        //3.执行sql
        //3.1获取UserMapper接口的代理对象
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> users = userMapper.selectAll();

        System.out.println(users);

        //4.释放资源
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

（4）到这里就完成了展示文件夹目录，与一个小细节，如果Mapper接口名称和SQl名称相同，且文件位置同目录，可以用包扫描

包扫描修改mybatis-config.xml 的文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
<!--                数据库连接信息-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jdbc?useSSL=false"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
<!--        加载sql映射文件-->
<!--        <mapper resource="com/itheima/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>-->

<!--        mapper代理方式-->
        <package name="com.itheima.mapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

三、Mybatis 核心配置文件

解释mybatis-config文件

（1）environments：

是配置生产环境和测试环境的数据库的放到里面的default表名使用哪个环境，可以配置多个环境

（2）类型别名(typeAliases):

配置了之后其他地方使用就可以使用类名在mybatis-config.xml中

<!--    类型别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.itheima.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

<!--namespace:命名空间-->
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="selectAll" resultType="User">
        select * from user;
    </select>
</mapper>

注意配置是有顺序的顺序不对会报错

四、配置文件完成增删改查

一、MyBatis 快速入门

入门_MyBatis中文网官网地址

步骤1.找到pom.xml文件，添加以下依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
<!--        mybatis  官网上有配置依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        数据库依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.46</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        junit 单元测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

<!--        添加slf4j日志api-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.20</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        添加logback-classic依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        添加logback-core依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

步骤2.在java的resource文件夹上添加 logback.xml文件，网上有打印文件

logback.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <!--
        CONSOLE ：表示当前的日志信息是可以输出到控制台的。
    -->
    <appender name="Console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>[%level]  %cyan([%thread]) %boldGreen(%logger{15}) - %msg %n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <logger name="com.itheima" level="DEBUG" additivity="false">
        <appender-ref ref="Console"/>
    </logger>


    <!--

      level:用来设置打印级别，大小写无关：TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR, ALL 和 OFF
     ， 默认debug
      <root>可以包含零个或多个<appender-ref>元素，标识这个输出位置将会被本日志级别控制。
      -->
    <root level="DEBUG">
        <appender-ref ref="Console"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

步骤3.配置resources/mybatis-config.xml文件官网上有

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
<!--                连接信息-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jdbc?useSSL=false"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
<!--        加载sql映射文件-->
        <mapper resource="ActorMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

步骤4.创建Actormapper映射文件，官网上有在resources/ActorMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--
    namespace:命名空间
-->
<mapper namespace="test">
    <select id="selectAll" resultType="com.itheima.pojo.Actor">
        select * from actor;
    </select>
</mapper>

步骤5.新建pojo文件，就是Actor类

package com.itheima.pojo;

public class Actor {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private String date;
    private String phone;

    public Actor() {
    }

    public Actor(int id, String name, String sex, String date, String phone) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.date = date;
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getDate() {
        return date;
    }

    public void setDate(String date) {
        this.date = date;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Actor{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", date='" + date + '\'' +
                ", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

步骤6.测试类

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//        Mybatis快速入门 加载myBatis的核心配置文件，获取SqlSessionFactory
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

//        获取 sqlSession对象，用它来执行sql语句
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();

//        执行sql
        List<Object> actors = sqlSession.selectList("test.selectAll");

        System.out.println(actors);

        //关闭资源
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

二、配置IDEA与数据库的连接

三、Mapper代理开发

1.定义与SQL映射文件同名的Mapper接口，并且将Mapper接口与SQL映射文件放在同一目录下

在com.itheima下新建mapper目录，里面新建一个ActorMapper接口

在resource里面新建一个com.itheima.mapper目录

2.设置SQL映射文件的namespace属性为Mapper接口全限定名

3.在Mapper接口中定义方法，方法名就是SQL映射文件中sql语句的id，并保持参数类型和返回值类型一致

1.ActorMapper接口

2.Test测试类

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//        Mybatis快速入门 加载myBatis的核心配置文件，获取SqlSessionFactory
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

//        获取 sqlSession对象，用它来执行sql语句
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();

//        执行sql
//        List<Object> actors = sqlSession.selectList("test.selectAll");
        ActorMapper actorMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ActorMapper.class);
        List<Actor> actors = actorMapper.selectAll();
        System.out.println(actors);

        //关闭资源
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

3.这样写mybatis可以用包扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
<!--                连接信息-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jdbc?useSSL=false"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
<!--        加载sql映射文件-->
<!--        <mapper resource="com/itheima/mapper/ActorMapper.xml"/>-->

<!--        Mapper代理方式-->
        <package name="com.itheima.mapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>