Mybatis的关联关系映射

本文详细介绍了Mybatis中的一对一、一对多和多对多关联映射关系,通过实例展示了如何使用Mybatis配置实体类、Mapper接口和Mapper文件,实现数据库表之间的关联查询。测试代码展示了查询结果,帮助读者深入理解Mybatis的关联映射机制。
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关联映射

关联关系是面向对象分析、面向对象设计最终的思想,Mybatis完全可以理解这种关联关系,如果关系得当,Mybatis的关联映射将可以大大简化持久层数据的访问。关联关系大致可以分为以下情况:

1、一对一,一个人只能有一张身份证,而一张身份证只能属于一个人;

2、一对多,一个客户对应多个订单

3、多对多,一篇新闻对应多种类型,一种类型对应多篇新闻

当然,还有更复杂的关系,同样在购物系统中,一个用户可以有多个订单,而一个订单只能属于一个用户,再加上商品的关系就是一对多夹杂多对多的关系,但是万变都不离其中。
 

一对多、多对一

1、按照上举例的客户和订单的关系创建如下两张表t_customer(客户)和t_order(订单)
t_customer:

  t_order:

 

2、创建相应的实体类对象、mapper层接口和mapper文件

实体类对象

/**
 * 一对多
 */
public class Customer {
    private Integer customerId;
 
    private String customerName;
 
    private List<Order> orders;
 
    public List<Order> getOrders() {
        return orders;
    }
 
    public void setOrders(List<Order> orders) {
        this.orders = orders;
    }
 
    public Customer(Integer customerId, String customerName) {
        this.customerId = customerId;
        this.customerName = customerName;
    }
 
    public Customer() {
        super();
    }
 
    public Integer getCustomerId() {
        return customerId;
    }
 
    public void setCustomerId(Integer customerId) {
        this.customerId = customerId;
    }
 
    public String getCustomerName() {
        return customerName;
    }
 
    public void setCustomerName(String customerName) {
        this.customerName = customerName;
    }
 
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
                "customerId=" + customerId +
                ", customerName='" + customerName + '\'' +
                ", orders=" + orders +
                '}';
    }
}
/**
 * 多对一
 */
public class Order {
    private Integer orderId;
 
    private String orderNo;
 
    private Integer cid;
 
    private Customer customer;
 
    public Customer getCustomer() {
        return customer;
    }
 
    public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
        this.customer = customer;
    }
 
    public Order(Integer orderId, String orderNo, Integer cid) {
        this.orderId = orderId;
        this.orderNo = orderNo;
        this.cid = cid;
    }
 
    public Order() {
        super();
    }
 
    public Integer getOrderId() {
        return orderId;
    }
 
    public void setOrderId(Integer orderId) {
        this.orderId = orderId;
    }
 
    public String getOrderNo() {
        return orderNo;
    }
 
    public void setOrderNo(String orderNo) {
        this.orderNo = orderNo;
    }
 
    public Integer getCid() {
        return cid;
    }
 
    public void setCid(Integer cid) {
        this.cid = cid;
    }
 
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Order{" +
                "orderId=" + orderId +
                ", orderNo='" + orderNo + '\'' +
                ", cid=" + cid +
                ", customer=" + customer +
                '}';
    }
}

Mapper层接口:

CustomerMapper
 
@Repository
public interface CustomerMapper {
   List<Customer> queryOrders();
}
 
 
OrderMapper 
 
@Repository
public interface OrderMapper {
    Order queryOrderId(Integer OrderId);
}

Mapper文件

OrderMapper.xml
 
 
 <resultMap id="ManyToOne" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order">
    <id property="orderId"   javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="order_Id" />
    <result property="orderNo" javaType="java.lang.String" column="order_No"/>
    <result property="orderId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="order_Id"/>
    <association property="customer" javaType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer">
      <id  property="customerId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="customer_Id" />
      <result property="customerName" javaType="java.lang.String" column="customer_Name"/>
    </association>
  </resultMap>
 
<select id="queryOrderId" resultMap="ManyToOne">
      select * from t_customer c inner join t_order o on c.customer_id=o.cid
      where o.order_id=#{value}
    </select>
CustomerMapper.xml
 
 <resultMap id="oneToMany" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer">
    <id  property="customerId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="customer_Id" />
    <result property="customerName" javaType="java.lang.String" column="customer_Name"/>
    <collection property="orders" ofType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order">
      <id property="orderId"   javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="order_Id" />
      <result property="orderNo" javaType="java.lang.String" column="order_No"/>
      <result property="orderId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="order_Id"/>
    </collection>
  </resultMap>
 
<select id="queryOrders" resultMap="oneToMany">
    select * from t_customer c left join t_order o on c.customer_id=o.cid
  </select>

3、测试代码和结果

多对一的关系        

               多个订单对应一个客户

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
public class OrderServiceImplTest{
    @Autowired
    private IOrderService iOrderService;
 
 
    @Test
    public void queryOrderId() {
        Order order = iOrderService.queryOrderId(3);
        System.out.println(order);
    }
}
Order{orderId=3, orderNo='P03', cid=null, customer=Customer{customerId=1, customerName='zs', orders=null}}

一对多的关系

                一个客户对应多个订单

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
public class CustomerServiceImplTest{
 
    @Autowired
    private ICustomerService iCustomerService;
 
    @Test
    public void queryOrders() {
        List<Customer> orders = iCustomerService.queryOrders();
        orders.forEach(System.out::println);
    }
}
Customer{customerId=1, customerName='zs', orders=[Order{orderId=1, orderNo='P01', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=2, orderNo='P02', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=3, orderNo='P03', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=4, orderNo='P04', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=5, orderNo='P05', cid=null, customer=null}]}
Customer{customerId=2, customerName='ls', orders=[Order{orderId=6, orderNo='P06', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=7, orderNo='P07', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=8, orderNo='P08', cid=null, customer=null}]}
Customer{customerId=3, customerName='ww', orders=[Order{orderId=9, orderNo='P09', cid=null, customer=null}, Order{orderId=10, orderNo='P10', cid=null, customer=null}]}
Customer{customerId=4, customerName='xm', orders=[]}

多对多

1、给出三张表  t_news(新闻)t_category(新闻类型) t_news_category(桥接表)

t_news:

 t_category:

 t_news_category:

2、创建相应的实体类对象、mapper层接口和mapper文件 

实体类对象  

 
public class News {
    private Integer newsId;
 
    private String title;
 
    private List<Category> categoryList;
 
    public List<Category> getCategoryList() {
        return categoryList;
    }
 
    public void setCategoryList(List<Category> categoryList) {
        this.categoryList = categoryList;
    }
 
    public News(Integer newsId, String title) {
        this.newsId = newsId;
        this.title = title;
    }
 
    public News() {
        super();
    }
 
    public Integer getNewsId() {
        return newsId;
    }
 
    public void setNewsId(Integer newsId) {
        this.newsId = newsId;
    }
 
    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }
 
    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }
 
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "News{" +
                "newsId=" + newsId +
                ", title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", categoryList=" + categoryList +
                '}';
    }
}
public class Category {
    private Integer categoryId;
 
    private String categoryName;
 
    private List<News> newsList;
 
 
    public List<News> getNewsList() {
        return newsList;
    }
 
    public void setNewsList(List<News> newsList) {
        this.newsList = newsList;
    }
 
    public Category(Integer categoryId, String categoryName) {
        this.categoryId = categoryId;
        this.categoryName = categoryName;
    }
 
    public Category() {
        super();
    }
 
    public Integer getCategoryId() {
        return categoryId;
    }
 
    public void setCategoryId(Integer categoryId) {
        this.categoryId = categoryId;
    }
 
    public String getCategoryName() {
        return categoryName;
    }
 
    public void setCategoryName(String categoryName) {
        this.categoryName = categoryName;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Category{" +
                "categoryId=" + categoryId +
                ", categoryName='" + categoryName + '\'' +
                ", newsList=" + newsList +
                '}';
    }
}
public class News_Category {
    private Integer id;
 
    private Integer nid;
 
    private Integer cid;
 
    private News news;
    private Category category;
 
    public News getNews() {
        return news;
    }
 
    public void setNews(News news) {
        this.news = news;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
 
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
 
    public News_Category(Integer id, Integer nid, Integer cid) {
        this.id = id;
        this.nid = nid;
        this.cid = cid;
    }
 
    public News_Category() {
        super();
    }
 
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public Integer getNid() {
        return nid;
    }
 
    public void setNid(Integer nid) {
        this.nid = nid;
    }
 
    public Integer getCid() {
        return cid;
    }
 
    public void setCid(Integer cid) {
        this.cid = cid;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "News_Category{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", nid=" + nid +
                ", cid=" + cid +
                ", news=" + news +
                ", category=" + category +
                '}';
    }
}

mapper层接口   

News_CategoryMapper
 
@Repository
public interface News_CategoryMapper {
    //根据新闻id查询
    List<News_Category> queryNewsToMany(Integer newsId);
    //根据类型id查询
    List<News_Category> queryCategoryToMany(Integer categoryId);
 
}

mapper文件

News_CategoryMapper.xml
 
<resultMap id="ManyToMany" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.News_Category">
    <id property="id" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="id"/>
    <result property="nid" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="nid"/>
      <result property="cid"  javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="cid"/>
    <association property="news" javaType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.News">
      <id property="newsId" javaType="java.lang.Integer"  column="category_Id"/>
     <result property="title" javaType="java.lang.String" column="title"/>
    </association>
 
     <association property="category" javaType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Category">
         <id property="categoryId" javaType="java.lang.Integer"  column="category_Id"/>
         <result property="categoryName" javaType="java.lang.String" column="category_Name"/>
     </association>
 
  </resultMap>
 
 
 
<select id="queryNewsToMany" resultMap="ManyToMany">
        select
        *
        from
        t_news_category nc left join t_news n on nc.nid=n.news_id
        left join t_category c on nc.cid =c.category_id where n.news_id=#{value}
  </select>
 
  <select id="queryCategoryToMany" resultMap="ManyToMany">
      select
      *
      from
      t_news_category nc left join t_news n on nc.nid=n.news_id
      left join t_category c on nc.cid =c.category_id where c.category_id=#{value}
  </select>

3、测试代码和结果

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
public class News_CategoryServiceImplTest{
    @Autowired
    private INews_CategoryService iNews_categoryService;
 
    @Test
    public void queryNewsToMany() {
        List<News_Category> news = iNews_categoryService.queryNewsToMany(1);
        news.forEach(System.out::println);
    }
 
    @Test
    public void queryCategoryToMany() {
        List<News_Category> categorys = iNews_categoryService.queryCategoryToMany(1);
        categorys.forEach(System.out::println);
    }
}

queryNewsToMany:

News_Category{id=1, nid=1, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='110', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=[News{newsId=1, title='110', categoryList=null}]}}
News_Category{id=2, nid=1, cid=2, news=News{newsId=2, title='110', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=2, categoryName='国际', newsList=[News{newsId=2, title='110', categoryList=null}]}}

queryCategoryToMany:

News_Category{id=1, nid=1, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='110', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=null}}
News_Category{id=3, nid=2, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='111', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=null}}
News_Category{id=5, nid=3, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='112', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=null}}
News_Category{id=8, nid=4, cid=1, news=News{newsId=1, title='113', categoryList=null}, category=Category{categoryId=1, categoryName='焦点', newsList=null}}

至此,Mybatis的关联关系映射介绍完毕,由于作者水平有限难免有疏漏,欢迎留言纠错。

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