跳出单个循环

在shell执行break命令时，它会尝试跳出当前正在执行的循环。

$ cat test17 
#!/bin/bash 
# breaking out of a for loop 
for var1 in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 
do 
 if [ $var1 -eq 5 ] 
 then 
 break 
 fi 
 echo "Iteration number: $var1" 
done 
echo "The for loop is completed" 
$ ./test17 
Iteration number: 1 
Iteration number: 2 
Iteration number: 3 
Iteration number: 4 
The for loop is completed 
$ 

for循环通常都会遍历列表中指定的所有值。但当满足if-then的条件时，shell会执行break命令，停止for循环。
这种方法同样适用于while和until循环。

$ cat test18 
#!/bin/bash 
# breaking out of a while loop 
var1=1 
while [ $var1 -lt 10 ] 
do 
 if [ $var1 -eq 5 ] 
 then 
 break 
 fi 
 echo "Iteration: $var1" 
 var1=$[ $var1 + 1 ] 
done 
echo "The while loop is completed" 
$ ./test18 
Iteration: 1 
Iteration: 2 
Iteration: 3 
Iteration: 4 
The while loop is completed 
$ 

while循环会在if-then的条件满足时执行break命令，终止。