微服务 分片 运维管理

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分片

分片的概念

当只有一台机器的情况下，给定时任务分片四个，在机器A启动四个线程，分别处理四个分片的内容

当有两台机器的情况下，分片由两个机器进行分配，机器A负责索引为0，1分片内容，机器B负责2，3分片内容

当有三台机器的时候，情况如图所示

当有四台机器的时候

当有五台机器的时候

当分片消耗资源少的时候，第一种情况和第二种情况没有太大区别，反之，如果消耗资源很大的时候，CPU的利用率效率会降低

分片数建议服务器个数倍数

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分片案例环境搭建

案例需求
数据库中有一些列的数据，需要对这些数据进行备份操作，备份完之后，修改数据的状态，标记已经备份了

第一步：添加依赖

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
  <version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql驱动-->
<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

第二步：添加配置

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/elastic-job-demo?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
    driverClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    username: root
    password: 2022

第三步：添加实体类

@Data
    public class FileCustom {
        //唯⼀标识
        private Long id;
        //⽂件名
        private String name;
        //⽂件类型
        private String type;
        //⽂件内容
        private String content;
        //是否已备份
        private Boolean backedUp = false;
        public FileCustom(){}
        public FileCustom(Long id, String name, String type, String content){
            this.id = id;
            this.name = name;
            this.type = type;
            this.content = content;
        }
    }

第四步：添加任务类

        @Autowired
        private FileCustomMapper fileCustomMapper;

        @Override
        public void execute(ShardingContext shardingContext) {
            doWork();
        }

        private void doWork() {
            //查询出所有的备份任务
            List<FileCustom> fileCustoms = fileCustomMapper.selectAll();
            for (FileCustom custom:fileCustoms){
                backUp(custom);
            }
        }

        private void backUp(FileCustom custom){
            System.out.println("备份的方法名:"+custom.getName()+"备份的类型:"+custom.getType());
            System.out.println("=======================");
            //模拟进行备份操作
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            fileCustomMapper.changeState(custom.getId(),1);
        }
    }

第五步： 添加任务调度配置

@Bean(initMethod = "init")
    public SpringJobScheduler fileScheduler(FileCustomElasticjob job, CoordinatorRegistryCenter registryCenter){
        LiteJobConfiguration jobConfiguration = createJobConfiguration(job.getClass(),"0/5 * * * * ?",1);
        return new SpringJobScheduler(job,registryCenter,jobConfiguration);
    }

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案例改造成任务分片

第一步：修改任务配置类

@Configuration
    public class JobConfig {
        @Bean
        public static CoordinatorRegistryCenter registryCenter(@Value("${zookeeper.url}") String url, @Value("${zookeeper.groupName}") String groupName) {
            ZookeeperConfiguration zookeeperConfiguration = new ZookeeperConfiguration(url, groupName);
            //设置节点超时时间
            zookeeperConfiguration.setSessionTimeoutMilliseconds(100);
            //zookeeperConfiguration("zookeeper地址","项目名")
            CoordinatorRegistryCenter regCenter = new ZookeeperRegistryCenter(zookeeperConfiguration);
            regCenter.init();
            return regCenter;
        }
        //功能的方法
        private static LiteJobConfiguration createJobConfiguration(Class clazz, String corn, int shardingCount,String shardingParam) {
            JobCoreConfiguration.Builder jobBuilder = JobCoreConfiguration.newBuilder(clazz.getSimpleName(), corn, shardingCount);
            if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(shardingParam)){
                jobBuilder.shardingItemParameters(shardingParam);
            }
            //定义作业核心配置newBuilder("任务名称","corn表达式","分片数量")
            JobCoreConfiguration simpleCoreConfig = jobBuilder.build();
            // 定义SIMPLE类型配置 cn.wolfcode.MyElasticJob
            System.out.println("MyElasticJob.class.getCanonicalName---->"+ MyElasticJob.class.getCanonicalName());
            SimpleJobConfiguration simpleJobConfig = new SimpleJobConfiguration(simpleCoreConfig,clazz.getCanonicalName());
            //定义Lite作业根配置
            LiteJobConfiguration simpleJobRootConfig = LiteJobConfiguration.newBuilder(simpleJobConfig).overwrite(true).build();
            return simpleJobRootConfig;
        }
        @Bean(initMethod = "init")
        public SpringJobScheduler fileScheduler(FileCustomElasticjob job, CoordinatorRegistryCenter registryCenter){
            LiteJobConfiguration jobConfiguration = createJobConfiguration(job.getClass(),"0/10 * * * * ?",4,"0=text,1=image,2=radio,3=vedio");
            return new SpringJobScheduler(job,registryCenter,jobConfiguration);
        }
    }

第二步:修改任务类

@Component
    @Slf4j
    public class FileCustomElasticjob implements SimpleJob {

        @Autowired
        private FileCustomMapper fileCustomMapper;

        @Override
        public void execute(ShardingContext shardingContext) {
            doWork(shardingContext.getShardingParameter());
            log.info("线程ID:{},任务的名称:{},任务的参数:{},分片个数:{},分片索引号:{},分片参数:{}",
                     Thread.currentThread().getId(),
                     shardingContext.getJobName(),
                     shardingContext.getJobParameter(),
                     shardingContext.getShardingTotalCount(),
                     shardingContext.getShardingItem(),
                     shardingContext.getShardingParameter());
        }

        private void doWork(String shardingParameter) {
            //查询出所有的备份任务
            List<FileCustom> fileCustoms = fileCustomMapper.selectByType(shardingParameter);
            for (FileCustom custom:fileCustoms){
                backUp(custom);
            }
        }

        private void backUp(FileCustom custom){
            System.out.println("备份的方法名:"+custom.getName()+"备份的类型:"+custom.getType());
            System.out.println("=======================");
            //模拟进行备份操作
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            fileCustomMapper.changeState(custom.getId(),1);
        }
    }

第三步：修改Mapper映射文件

@Mapper
    public interface FileCustomMapper {
        @Select("select * from t_file_custom where backedUp = 0")
        List<FileCustom> selectAll();
        @Update("update t_file_custom set backedUp = #{state} where id = #{id}")
        int changeState(@Param("id") Long id, @Param("state")int state);

        @Select("select * from t_file_custom where backedUp = 0 and type = #{type}")
        List<FileCustom> selectByType(String shardingParameter);
    }

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Dataflow类型调度

Dataflow类型的定时任务需要实现Dataflowjob接口，该接口提供2个方法供覆盖，分别用于抓取（fetchData)和处理( processData)数据，我们继续对例子进行改造。
Dataflow类型用于处理数据流，他和SimpleJob不同，它以数据流的方式执行，调用fetchData抓取数据，知道抓取不到数据才停止作业。

定时任务开始的时候,先抓取数据，判断数据是否为空，若不为空则进行处理数据

代码示例

第一步：创建任务类

@Component
    public class FileDataflowJob implements DataflowJob<FileCustom> {

        @Autowired
        private FileCustomMapper fileCustomMapper;

        //抓取数据
        @Override
        public List<FileCustom> fetchData(ShardingContext shardingContext) {
            System.out.println("开始抓取数据......");
            List<FileCustom> fileCustoms = fileCustomMapper.selectLimit(2);
            return fileCustoms;
        }

        //处理数据
        @Override
        public void processData(ShardingContext shardingContext, List<FileCustom> data) {
            for(FileCustom custom:data){
                backUp(custom);
            }
        }

        private void backUp(FileCustom custom){
            System.out.println("备份的方法名:"+custom.getName()+"备份的类型:"+custom.getType());
            System.out.println("=======================");
            //模拟进行备份操作
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            fileCustomMapper.changeState(custom.getId(),1);
        }
    }

第二步:创建任务配置类

@Configuration
    public class JobConfig {
        @Bean
        public static CoordinatorRegistryCenter registryCenter(@Value("${zookeeper.url}") String url, @Value("${zookeeper.groupName}") String groupName) {
            ZookeeperConfiguration zookeeperConfiguration = new ZookeeperConfiguration(url, groupName);
            //设置节点超时时间
            zookeeperConfiguration.setSessionTimeoutMilliseconds(100);
            //zookeeperConfiguration("zookeeper地址","项目名")
            CoordinatorRegistryCenter regCenter = new ZookeeperRegistryCenter(zookeeperConfiguration);
            regCenter.init();
            return regCenter;
        }
        //功能的方法
        private static LiteJobConfiguration createJobConfiguration(Class clazz, String corn, int shardingCount,String shardingParam,boolean isDateFlowJob) {
            JobCoreConfiguration.Builder jobBuilder = JobCoreConfiguration.newBuilder(clazz.getSimpleName(), corn, shardingCount);
            if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(shardingParam)){
                jobBuilder.shardingItemParameters(shardingParam);
            }
            //定义作业核心配置newBuilder("任务名称","corn表达式","分片数量")
            JobCoreConfiguration simpleCoreConfig = jobBuilder.build();
            // 定义SIMPLE类型配置 cn.wolfcode.MyElasticJob
            JobTypeConfiguration jobConfiguration;
            if(isDateFlowJob){
                jobConfiguration = new DataflowJobConfiguration(simpleCoreConfig,clazz.getCanonicalName(),true);
            }else{
                jobConfiguration = new SimpleJobConfiguration(simpleCoreConfig,clazz.getCanonicalName());
            }

            //定义Lite作业根配置
            LiteJobConfiguration simpleJobRootConfig = LiteJobConfiguration.newBuilder(jobConfiguration).overwrite(true).build();
            return simpleJobRootConfig;
        }
        @Bean(initMethod = "init")
        public SpringJobScheduler fileDatFlowaScheduler(FileDataflowJob job, CoordinatorRegistryCenter registryCenter){
            LiteJobConfiguration jobConfiguration = createJobConfiguration(job.getClass(),"0/10 * * * * ?",1,null,true);
            return new SpringJobScheduler(job,registryCenter,jobConfiguration);
        }
    }

第三步：创建Mapper映射文件

@Mapper
    public interface FileCustomMapper {
        @Update("update t_file_custom set backedUp = #{state} where id = #{id}")
        int changeState(@Param("id") Long id, @Param("state")int state);
        @Select("select * from t_file_custom where backedUp = 0 limit #{count}")
        List<FileCustom> selectLimit(int count);
    }

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运维管理

事件追踪

Elastic-Job-Lite在配置中提供了JobEventConfiguration,支持数据库方式配置，会在数据库中自动创建JOB_EXECUTION_LOG和JOB_STATUS_TRACE_LOG两张表以及若干索引来近路作业的相关信息。

修改Elastic-job配置类

第一步：在ElasticJobConfig配置类中注入DataSource

第二步：在任务配置中增加事件追踪配置

运行结果

该表记录每次作业的执行历史，分为两个步骤：
1.作业开始执行时间想数据库插入数据
2.作业完成执行时向数据库更新数据，更新is_success,complete_time和failure_cause(如果任务执行失败)

该表记录作业状态变更痕迹表，可通过每次作业运行的task_id查询作业状态变化的生命轨迹和运行轨迹

运维平台

搭建步骤

1.解压缩

2.进入bin目录，并执行

bin\start.bat

3.打开浏览器访问http://localhost:8899
用户名:root 密码:root

使用步骤

第一步:注册中心配置

第二步：事件追踪数据源配置

之后就可以使用了