centos之mysql初次安装及简单的密码修改

首先安装好mysql

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                                                         | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                         | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                       | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-connectors-community                                                                   | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-tools-community                                                                        | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql57-community                                                                            | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
nginx                                                                                        | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                      | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                | 1.0 MB  00:00:02     
(2/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                | 7.0 MB  00:00:17     
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.7.43-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.5.7.43-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

====================================================================================================================
 Package                            架构               版本                     源                             大小
====================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 mysql-community-server             x86_64             5.7.43-1.el7             mysql57-community             184 M
为依赖而安装:
 mysql-community-client             x86_64             5.7.43-1.el7             mysql57-community              31 M

事务概要
====================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包 (+1 依赖软件包)

总下载量：215 M
安装大小：915 M
Downloading packages:
(1/2): mysql-community-server-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                        | 184 MB  00:00:21     
(2/2): mysql-community-client-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                        |  31 MB  00:00:23     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                9.1 MB/s | 215 MB  00:00:23     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : mysql-community-client-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64                                                      1/2 
  正在安装    : mysql-community-server-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64                                                      2/2 
  验证中      : mysql-community-server-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64                                                      1/2 
  验证中      : mysql-community-client-5.7.43-1.el7.x86_64                                                      2/2 

已安装:
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.43-1.el7                                                                      

作为依赖被安装:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.43-1.el7                                                                      

完毕！

安装完成后启动服务，并查看启动状态

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2023-09-04 16:18:32 CST; 1s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 98736 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 98521 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 98739 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─98739 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

9月 04 16:18:28 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
9月 04 16:18:32 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

查看mysql临时密码

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log| grep password
2023-09-04T08:18:30.073439Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 5<=w(EhWiGaf

使用临时密码登陆，并修改密码

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Mysql@2023';

解释：root指的你的用户,localhost指本机，Mysql@2023指你要修改的密码（由于5.7版本密码增强，需要）

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'5<=w(EhWiGaf'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.43

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Mysql@2023';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

再次登陆时就是你输入的新密码啦

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pMysql@2023