路由策略实验

 第一步配置ip地址

[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24

[r1-Serial4/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 41.1.1.1 24

[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
[r2-LoopBack0]int s 4/0/0
[r2-Serial4/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[r2-Serial4/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.2 24

[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24
[r3-Serial4/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.3 24

[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 23.1.1.3 24

[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24

[r4-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.4 24

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 41.1.1.4 24

第二步：宣告对应的网段，并进行双向双点重发布

[r1]rip 1 
[r1-rip-1]version 2
[r1-rip-1]network 1.0.0.0 
[r1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]network 41.0.0.0
[r2]rip 1
[r2-rip-1]version 2
[r2-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0 
[r2-rip-1]network 2.0.0.0
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255

[r4]rip 1
[r4-rip-1]version 2
[r4-rip-1]network 41.0.0.0
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0  
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.0 24
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255
 [r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

[r4-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r4]ospf[r4-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip 1

 第三步：因为有些接口为串口，网络类型为p2p网络不能建立多个邻居关系，所以应该把这些接口的网络类型改为brodcost

[r3-Serial4/0/1]ospf network-type broadcast

[r3-Serial4/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[r4-Serial4/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[r2-Serial4/0/0】ospf network-type broadcast

由于使用了双点双向重发布，ospf引入其他协议时会将cos值变为种子度量值为1的开销所以出现了选路不佳和路由回馈现象，但是huawei设备由于lsa5的优先级为150所以不存在路由回馈问题，但是还是有选路不佳问题

第四步： 使用路由策略解决选路不佳的问题

[r2]ip ip-prefix b permit 41.1.1.0 24

[r2]route-policy 1 permit node 10 

[r2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix b

[r2-route-policy]apply cost + 10 

[r2]route-policy 1 permit node 40

[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 route-policy 1

[r4]ip ip-prefix a permit 2.2.2.0 24
[r4]ip ip-prefix b permit 12.1.1.0 24
[r4]route-policy 1 permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List. 
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix a cos    
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix a 
[r4-route-policy]apply cost + 10
r4]route-policy 1 permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip    
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix b 
[r4-route-policy]apply cos + 10

[r4]route-policy 1 permit node 40

[r4-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 route-policy 1

R3上选路不佳问题就解决了 

然后解决R1上选路不佳问题和备份

 [r2]ip ip-prefix a permit 34.1.1.0 24

[r2]route-policy 1 permit node 10 

[r2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix a

[r2-route-policy]apply cost + 10 

[r2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 route-policy 1

[r2]route-policy 1 permit node 40

 [r4]ip ip-prefix a permit 23.1.1.0 24

[r4]route-policy 1 permit node 10 

[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix a

[r4-route-policy]apply cost + 10 

[r4]route-policy 1 permit node 40

[r4-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 route-policy 1