《microservice design》

一、原文：

Microservices can help us adopt new technologies more quickly and understand the benefits of these new technologies. Trying out new technologies often comes with risks, which can make many people hesitant to take the plunge. This is especially true for monolithic systems, where adopting a new language, database, or framework can have a huge impact on the entire system. With microservices, there are always areas where I can try out new technologies. You can choose the service with the lowest risk to adopt new technologies, even if problems arise, they can be easily dealt with. This ability to quickly adopt new technologies is very valuable for many organizations.

However, using multiple technologies at the same time also comes with some costs. Some organizations limit the choice of language, such as Netflix and Twitter, who mostly use technologies based on JVM (Java Virtual Machine) because they are familiar with the stability and performance of the platform. They have also developed some libraries and tools on the JVM, making large-scale operations easier, but this also makes it more difficult for us to write services and clients in non-Java technologies. Despite this, Twitter and Netflix do not rely solely on one technology stack. Another factor that affects the selection of multiple technology stacks is the size of the service. If you can really rewrite a service within two weeks, the risk of trying out new technologies is significantly reduced.

二、翻译：

微服务架构可以帮助我们更快地采用新技术，并且理解这些新技术的好处。尝试新技术通常伴随着风险，这使得很多人望而却步。特别是对于单块系统而言，采用一个新的语言、数据库或者框架都会对整个系统产生巨大的影响。但是，在微服务系统中，总会有一些可以尝试新技术的地方。你可以选择一个风险最小的服务来采用新技术，即便出现问题也容易处理。这种可以快速采用新技术的能力对许多组织非常有价值。

然而，同时使用多种技术也需要付出一些代价。有些组织会限制语言的选择，例如Netflix和Twitter选用的技术大多基于JVM（Java虚拟机），因为他们非常了解该平台的稳定性和性能。他们还在JVM上开发了一些库和工具，使得大规模运维变得更加容易，但这同时也使得我们更难以采用Java之外的其他技术来编写服务和客户端。尽管如此，Twitter和Netflix也并非只使用一种技术栈。另一个影响选用多技术栈的因素是服务的大小，如果你真的可以在两周内重写一个服务，那么尝试使用新技术的风险就降低了不少。