DCL (数据操作语言) Data Control Language
创建数据库:
create database database_name charset utf8;
创建数据库时指定字符集、
创建表:
create table tb_student (
id int primary key auto_increment,
name varchar(10) not null
);
insert 语句:
语法:insert into table_name(....) values();
第一个括号里写表中列的字段名,第二个括号写列所对应的值。
如果主键id是自增的,则可以省略不写。
insert into tb_student(name) values('张三'),('李四');
或者 insert into table_name values();
这种写法默认是所有字段名都不写,但是要把后面列的值一个一个写出来。
insert into tb_student values(3,'王五'),(4,'老六');
更新:
语法:
update table_name set name = ? where id = ?
update tb_student set name = '王八' where id = 4;
删除:
语法:
delete from table_name where id = ?
delete from tb_student where id = 4;
如果不带where条件就删除所有数据。
查询:
语法:
select * from tb_student [where name = ?] [group by id] [having] [order by id desc] [limit]
select * from tb_student;
DDL:
修改表的语法:
删除表:alter table drop table_name;
增加一列:alter table table_name add address varchar(30) not null;
修改列的名字:alter table table_name change name stu_name varchaar(20)
修改列的数据类型:alter table table_name stu_name varchar(10)
添加约束:alter table table_name add constraint constraint_name foreign key(id) references tb_school(id)