springboot整合springsecurity，从数据库中认证

概述：springsecurity这个东西太容易忘了，这里写点东西，避免忘掉

目录

第一步：引入依赖

第二步：创建user表

第三步：创建一个用户实体类（User）和一个用于访问用户数据的Repository接口

第四步：创建一个实现UserDetailsService接口的自定义用户详情服务类，用于从数据库中加载用户信息。

第五步：创建一个配置类来配置Spring Security。

第六步：创建一个简单的控制器类用于测试

第七步：编写一个简单的数据库初始化器类用于初始化用户信息

运行项目测试查看结果

---

第一步：引入依赖

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.cyl</groupId>
    <artifactId>spaceTutorial</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Send</name>
    <description>Send</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.7.13</version>
                <scope>import</scope>
                <type>pom</type>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Starter Data JPA -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Boot Starter Security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- MySQL Connector Java -->
         <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.33</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <compilerArgs>
                    <arg>--enable-preview</arg>
                    <arg>--add-modules=jdk.incubator.vector</arg>
                </compilerArgs>
                <compilerVersion>17</compilerVersion>
                <source>17</source>
                <target>17</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
</project>

第二步：创建user表

CREATE TABLE users (
    id BIGINT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    username VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    enabled TINYINT(1) DEFAULT 1,
    role VARCHAR(50)
);

第三步：创建一个用户实体类（User）和一个用于访问用户数据的Repository接口

User类

package org.cyl.spaceutils.pojo;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class User implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    
    @Column(name = "username")
    private String username;
    
    @Column(name = "password")
    private String password;
    
    @Column(name = "enabled")
    private boolean enabled;
    
    @Column(name = "role")
    private String role;

    // Getters and setters

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return enabled;
    }

    public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
        this.enabled = enabled;
    }

    public String getRole() {
        return role;
    }

    public void setRole(String role) {
        this.role = role;
    }
}

Repository接口

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
    User findByUsername(String username);
}

第四步：创建一个实现UserDetailsService接口的自定义用户详情服务类，用于从数据库中加载用户信息。

实现类

package org.cyl.spaceutils.service;

import org.cyl.spaceutils.pojo.User;
import org.cyl.spaceutils.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.AuthorityUtils;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class CustomUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = userRepository.findByUsername(username);
        if (user == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found with username: " + username);
        }
        return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User(
                user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), user.isEnabled(), true, true, true,
                AuthorityUtils.createAuthorityList(user.getRole())
        );
    }
}

第五步：创建一个配置类来配置Spring Security。

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private CustomUserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN")
            .antMatchers("/user/**").hasRole("USER")
            .anyRequest().authenticated()
            .and()
            .formLogin()
            .and()
            .logout().permitAll();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
}

第六步：创建一个简单的控制器类用于测试

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HomeController {

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String home() {
        return "Welcome to the home page!";
    }

    @GetMapping("/user")
    public String user() {
        return "Welcome user!";
    }

    @GetMapping("/admin")
    public String admin() {
        return "Welcome admin!";
    }
}

第七步：编写一个简单的数据库初始化器类用于初始化用户信息

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class DatabaseInitializer implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Autowired
    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("user");
        user.setPassword(passwordEncoder.encode("password"));
        user.setRole("ROLE_USER");
        userRepository.save(user);

        User admin = new User();
        admin.setUsername("admin");
        admin.setPassword(passwordEncoder.encode("admin"));
        admin.setRole("ROLE_ADMIN");
        userRepository.save(admin);
    }
}

运行项目测试查看结果

启动时会增加数据到mysql里面

以ROLE_USER的身份登录

现在登录可能会出现用户被禁用的情况，将enabled设置为1即可

现在用admin账号登录

然后访问/user,出现不能访问，即可

访问/admin，查看

然后用user用户登录,记得先退出

访问/admin,出现无法访问的情况

访问/user，出现访问正常的情况

搞定