数据库备份练习

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素材

数据库名为school ，student和score表

创建数据库school
create database school;

创建student表
CREATE  TABLE  student (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  ,
name  VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL ,
sex  VARCHAR(4)  ,
birth  YEAR,
department  VARCHAR(20) ,
address  VARCHAR(50) 
);
创建score表
CREATE  TABLE  score (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,
c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,
grade  INT(10)
);

增加数据student表

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');

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增加score表数据
NSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);
                 

练习

3.备份数据库school到/backup目录

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school > /root/backup/school.sql
mysql -uroot -p123456 < school.sql

4.备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式，能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school > /root/backup/school.sql
mysql -uroot -p123456 < school.sql

5.直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school |gzip  > /root/backup/school_1.sql.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1214 Mar 23 06:01 school_1.sql.gz

6.备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表。此例备份student表

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 school student > /root/backup/school_student.sql

7.同时备份多个MySQL数据库（其他数据库素材自行准备）

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B school hzit > /root/backup/school_hzit.sql

8.仅仅备份数据库结构

 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -d school > /root/backup/school_d.sql

9.备份服务器上所有数据库

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -A  > /root/backup/all.sql

10.还原MySQL数据库

在这里插入代码片mysql -uroot -p123456 < school.sql

11.还原压缩的MySQL数据库

 zcat school_1.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -p123456

12.使用xtrabackup 备份数据库

13.在另外的数据库服务器上还原xtrabackup 备份

14.使用mydumper备份数据库

mydumper -u root -p 123456 -B school -S /tmp/mysql.sock -o /root/db

[root@localhost ~]# tree db/
db/
├── metadata
├── school-schema-create.sql
├── school.score-schema.sql
├── school.score.sql
├── school.student-schema.sql
└── school.student.sql

0 directories, 6 files

15.使用mydumper恢复数据库

myloader -u root -p 123456 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -d /root/db/ -B school