蓝桥杯嵌入式国赛备战

蓝桥杯嵌入式国赛备战

1、iic

引脚pb6/pb7

总线上的外设有eeprom和mcp4017

• eeprom

  • 连续的两次写入之间要加延时

• mcp4017

  • 连续的两次写入之间可以不加延时

  • pb14读取电压

  • 计算公式：v = 3.3 * r_read / (10 + r_read)

  • r_read = iic_read / 127 * 100（本芯片组织范围是104E,也就是10 * 10^4 = 100KΩ的范围）

void bsp_eeprom_write
	(
	unsigned char addr,
	unsigned char value
	)
{
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xa0);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(addr);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(value);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CStop();
}


unsigned char bsp_eeprom_read
	(
	unsigned char addr
	)
{
	unsigned char ret = 0x00;
	
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xa0);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(addr);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CStop();
	
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xa1);
	I2CWaitAck();
	ret = I2CReceiveByte();
	I2CSendNotAck();
	I2CStop();
	
	return ret;
}


void bsp_mcp4017_write
	(
	unsigned char value
	)
{
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0x5e);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(value);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CStop();
}


unsigned char bsp_mcp4017_read
	(
	void
	)
{
	unsigned char ret = 0x00;
	
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0x5f);
	I2CWaitAck();
	ret = I2CReceiveByte();
	I2CSendNotAck();
	I2CStop();
	
	return ret;
}

2、lcd

官方有提供驱动程序，移植到工程中即可

主要考点

• 显示

void LCD_DisplayStringLine(u8 Line, u8 *ptr)

• 屏幕高亮

void bsp_lcd_display_light
	(
	unsigned char 		line,
	unsigned char 		*ptr,
	unsigned short int 	color,
	unsigned char		left,
	unsigned char		right
	)
{
    u32 i = 0;
    u16 refcolumn = 319;//319;

    while ((*ptr != 0) && (i < 20))	 //	20
    {
		if (i >= left && i <= right)
		{
			unsigned short int old_color = BackColor;
			LCD_SetBackColor(color);
			LCD_DisplayChar(line, refcolumn, *ptr);
			LCD_SetBackColor(old_color);
		}
		else
		{
			LCD_DisplayChar(line, refcolumn, *ptr);
		}
        refcolumn -= 16;
        ptr++;
        i++;
    }
}

• 屏幕翻转

根据手册和给的驱动，我板子是配套使用的是void REG_932X_Init(void)初始化函数。要翻转屏幕，只需改变 相对应的寄存器的值即可

/* 正 */
LCD_WriteReg(R1, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(R96, 0x2700);

/* 反 */
LCD_WriteReg(R1, 0x0100);
LCD_WriteReg(R96, 0xA700);

3、led

led的引脚会和lcd会冲突，这里我使用了缓存保存led的状态

• 驱动

#include "./led/bsp_led.h"

#include "gpio.h"


static unsigned char led_state = 0x00;


void bsp_led_init
	(
	void
	)
{
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, 0xff00, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	led_state = 0x00;
}


void bsp_led_fresh
	(
	void
	)
{
	unsigned int buf;
	buf = GPIOC->ODR;
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, 0xff00, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, (led_state << 8), GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	GPIOC->ODR = buf;
}

void bsp_led_open
	(
	unsigned char i
	)
{
	led_state |= (1 << i);
	bsp_led_fresh();
}


void bsp_led_close
	(
	unsigned char i
	)
{
	led_state &= ~(1 << i);
	bsp_led_fresh();
}


void bsp_led_flip
	(
	unsigned char i
	)
{
	if ((led_state & (1 << i)) != 0)
	{
		bsp_led_close(i);
	}
	else
	{
		bsp_led_open(i);
	}
}

• 开关led、闪烁led、定时led

typedef struct stru_led
{
	unsigned char 	state;
	unsigned char 	flag;
	unsigned char	mode;
	unsigned int	count;
	unsigned int 	interval;
	unsigned int 	time;
} stru_led_t;


void led_proc
	(	
	stru_led_t led[]
	)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
	{
		switch (led[i].mode)
		{
			/* 开关led */
			case 0:
				if (led[i].state == 0)
				{
					if (led[i].flag == 1)
					{
						bsp_led_open(i);
						led[i].state = 1;
					}
				}
				else if (led[i].state == 1)
				{
					if (led[i].flag == 0)
					{
						bsp_led_close(i);
						led[i].state = 0;
					}
				}
				break;
				
			/* led定时 */
			case 1:
				if (led[i].state == 0)
				{
					if (led[i].flag == 1)
					{
						bsp_led_open(i);
						led[i].state = 1;
					}
				}
				else if (led[i].state == 1)
				{
					if (led[i].flag == 1)
					{
						led[i].time--;
					}
					if (led[i].time == 0)
					{
						bsp_led_close(i);
						led[i].state = 0;
						led[i].flag = 0;
					}
				}
				break;
			
			/* led闪烁 */
			case 2:
				if (led[i].flag == 1)
				{
					if (led[i].count % led[i].interval == 0)
					{
						bsp_led_flip(i);
						led[i].state = 1;
					}
					if (++(led[i].count) == 1000)
					{
						led[i].count = 0;
					}
				}
				else
				{
					if (led[i].state == 1)
					{
						bsp_led_close(i);
						led[i].state = 0;
						led[i].count = 0;
					}
				}
				break;
		}	
	}
}

4、key

独立按键、长短按键、单双击

• 独立按键and长短按键

void bsp_key_scanf
	(
	stru_key_ret_t key_ret[]
	)
{
	static stru_key_state_t key[4] = {{0, 0}, {0, 0}, {0, 0}, {0, 0}};
	
	key[0].pin_state = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0);
	key[1].pin_state = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1);
	key[2].pin_state = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_2);
	key[3].pin_state = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_0);
	
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
	{
		switch (key[i].flag_state)
		{
			case 0:
				if (key[i].pin_state == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
				{
					key[i].time = 0;
					key[i].flag_state = 1;
				}
				break;
			
			case 1:
				if (key[i].pin_state == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
				{
					key[i].time++;
					key[i].flag_state = 2;
				}
				else
				{
					key[i].flag_state = 0;
				}
				break;
			
			case 2:
				if (key[i].pin_state == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
				{
					key[i].time++;
				}
				else
				{
					if (key[i].time > LONG_TIME)
					{
						key_ret[i].long_flag = 1;
					}
					else
					{
						key_ret[i].one_flag = 1;
					}
					key[i].flag_state = 0;
				}
				break;
		}
	}
}

• 单双击

5、usart

考纲写明考察，串口（不定长指令处理），这里使用的是空闲中断的接收方式，没有使用DMA

注意点：要选择正确的io口，板子的下载口有用到串口1（pa9/pa10脚），但是串口1默认的不是pa9/pa10

void bsp_usart_init
	(
	UART_HandleTypeDef	*huart, 
	stru_usart_t		*buf
	)
{
	HAL_UART_Receive_IT(huart, (*buf).buf, USART_BUF_SIZE);
	__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_IDLE);
	__HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(huart);
}


void bsp_usart_handler
	(
	UART_HandleTypeDef	*huart, 
	stru_usart_t		*buf
	)
{
	if (__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(huart, UART_FLAG_IDLE) != RESET)
	{
		(*buf).flag = 1;
		(*buf).len = USART_BUF_SIZE - (*huart).RxXferCount; 
		__HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(huart);
		HAL_UART_AbortReceive_IT(huart);
		HAL_UART_Receive_IT(huart, (*buf).buf, USART_BUF_SIZE);
	}
}


void bsp_usart_buf_clear
	(
	stru_usart_t *buf
	)
{
	memset(buf, 0, sizeof(stru_usart_t));
}

6、adc

adc多通道采集

HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1, ADC_SINGLE_ENDED);


for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);
		HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, 20);
		if (i == 0)
		{
			data.pb14 = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1) * 3.3 / 4096;
		}
		else
		{
			data.pb12 = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1) * 3.3 / 4096;
		}
	}

7、输入捕获

HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim3, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim3, TIM_CHANNEL_2);


if (htim->Instance == TIM3)
{
    if (htim->Channel == HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1)
    {
        unsigned int all_tick = 0, ris_tick = 0;
        all_tick = HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
        ris_tick = HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_2);

        __HAL_TIM_SetCounter(htim, 0);

        data.freq_pb4 = (80000000 / 80) / (all_tick + 1);
        data.duty_pb4 = (ris_tick + 1) * 100 / (all_tick + 1);

        HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
        HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
    }
}

8、pwm

HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim17, TIM_CHANNEL_1);

__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim17, TIM_CHANNEL_1, 1000);