PythonStudy(7)_循环

一、程序的三大流程

在程序开发中，一共有三种流程方式

• 1、顺序：从上到下，顺序执行代码
• 2、分支：根据条件判断，决定执行代码的分支
• 3、循环：让特定代码重复执行

二、while循环—基本语法

i = 0
while i <5:
	循环执行的语句 # 循环体执行5次 
	i = i+1

赋值运算符：赋值运算符中间不能使用空格


c=a+b 将a+b的运算结果赋值给c
c += a 等效于 c = c+a
c -= a 等效于 c = c-a
c *= a 等效于 c = c*a
c /= a 等效于 c = c/a
c //= a 等效于 c = c//a
c %= a 等效于 c = c%a
c **= a 等效于c = c**a

注意：在程序中，除非需求的特殊要求，否则循环的计数都从0开始

三、while循环—练习

# while循环练习——打印5遍“hello python"

i = 0
while i <5:
    print("hello python")
    i += 1
print("循环结束时，i = %d" % i)


hello python
hello python
hello python
hello python
hello python
循环结束时，i = 5

# 计算0-100之间所有数字的累计求和结果

i = 0
sum = 0
while i <= 100:
    sum = sum + i
    i += 1
print("0-100之间所有数字的累计求和结果是%d"% sum)


0-100之间所有数字的累计求和结果是5050

# 计算0-100之间所有偶数的累计求和结果
i = 0
sum = 0
while i <= 100:
    if i % 2 == 0: 
        sum += i
    i += 1
print("0-100之间所有偶数的累计求和结果是%d"% sum)

0-100之间所有偶数的累计求和结果是2550

四、while循环—break 和continue

break：某一条件满足时，退出循环，不再执行后续重复的代码；
continue：某一条件满足时，结束本次循环，继续下一次循环；

 #break 练习
i = 0
while i < 10:
    if i == 3:
        break
    print("hello python")
    i += 1
print("over")


hello python
hello python
hello python
over



# continue练习
i = 0
while i < 10:
    if i == 3:
        i += 1
        continue
    print(i)
    i += 1




0
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
9

五、while循环—嵌套

print() 函数在控制台输出内容后，会自动换行，如果不想换行，可以使用 print(" " , end=" ")

字符串中的转义字符：
\t 在控制台输出一个制表符，协助在输出文本时垂直方向保持对齐
\n 在控制台输出一个换行符
\“在控制台输出双引号“”

# while循环图形练习——圣诞树
shixin=chr(9679)
kongxin = chr(9711)

i = 1
while i <= 5:
    print(" " * (5-i),end="")
    print("*" * (2*i-1))
    i += 1


    *
   ***
  *****
 *******
*********

# while循环图形练习——正方形
i = 1
while i <= 5:
    print(" * " * i + " ^ " * (5 - i))
    i +=1



 *  ^  ^  ^  ^ 
 *  *  ^  ^  ^ 
 *  *  *  ^  ^ 
 *  *  *  *  ^ 
 *  *  *  *  * 

# while循环图形练习——笑脸

i = 1
while i <= 1:
    print("^ " * 2)
    print(" "+"^" * i)
    i +=1

^ ^ 
 ^

# while 循环嵌套打印小星星
row = 1
while row <= 5:
    col = 1
    while col <= row:
        print("*",end="")
        col += 1
    print("")
    row +=1
    
*
**
***
****
*****

# while 循环嵌套打印_九九乘法表
row = 1
while row <= 9:
    col = 1
    while col <= row:
        print("%d * %d = %d" % (col,row,row * col),end="\t")
        col += 1
    print("")
    row +=1


1 * 1 = 1	
1 * 2 = 2	2 * 2 = 4	
1 * 3 = 3	2 * 3 = 6	3 * 3 = 9	
1 * 4 = 4	2 * 4 = 8	3 * 4 = 12	4 * 4 = 16	
1 * 5 = 5	2 * 5 = 10	3 * 5 = 15	4 * 5 = 20	5 * 5 = 25	
1 * 6 = 6	2 * 6 = 12	3 * 6 = 18	4 * 6 = 24	5 * 6 = 30	6 * 6 = 36	
1 * 7 = 7	2 * 7 = 14	3 * 7 = 21	4 * 7 = 28	5 * 7 = 35	6 * 7 = 42	7 * 7 = 49	
1 * 8 = 8	2 * 8 = 16	3 * 8 = 24	4 * 8 = 32	5 * 8 = 40	6 * 8 = 48	7 * 8 = 56	8 * 8 = 64	
1 * 9 = 9	2 * 9 = 18	3 * 9 = 27	4 * 9 = 36	5 * 9 = 45	6 * 9 = 54	7 * 9 = 63	8 * 9 = 72	9 * 9 = 81