c++ 构造 拷贝构造 拷贝赋值 何时触发

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Point
{
public:
    // Declare prefix and postfix increment operators.
    Point &operator++();   // Prefix increment operator.
    Point operator++(int); // Postfix increment operator.
    // Declare prefix and postfix decrement operators.
    Point &operator--();   // Prefix decrement operator.
    Point operator--(int); // Postfix decrement operator.
    // Define default constructor.
    Point()
    {
        cout << "constructor" << endl;
        _x = _y = 0;
    }
    // 如果显示定义拷贝构造，对象数据成员之间的赋值都必须指明
    Point(const Point &p)
    {
        this->_x = p.x(); // const对象只能调用const成员函数
        this->_y = p.y();
        cout << "Point(const Point &p)" << endl;
    }
    Point &operator=(const Point &p)
    {
        this->_x = p.x(); // const对象只能调用const成员函数
        this->_y = p.y();
        cout << "Point &operator=" << endl;
        return *this;
    }
    // Define accessor functions.
    int x() const { return _x; }
    int y() const { return _y; }

private:
    int _x, _y;
};
// Define prefix increment operator.
Point &Point::operator++()
{
    _x++;
    _y++;
    return *this;
}
// Define postfix increment operator.
Point Point::operator++(int)
{
    Point temp = *this;
    ++*this;
    return temp;
}
// Define prefix decrement operator.
Point &Point::operator--()
{
    _x--;
    _y--;
    return *this;
}
// Define postfix decrement operator.
Point Point::operator--(int)
{
    Point temp = *this;
    --*this;
    return temp;
}

int main()
{
    Point s, b;
    cout << s.x() << "  " << s.y() << endl;
    cout << b.x() << "  " << b.y() << endl;
    b = s++;
    cout << s.x() << "  " << s.y() << endl;
    cout << b.x() << "  " << b.y() << endl;
    b = ++s;
    cout << s.x() << "  " << s.y() << endl;
    cout << b.x() << "  " << b.y() << endl;
    b = s--;

    cout << s.x() << "  " << s.y() << endl;
    cout << b.x() << "  " << b.y() << endl;
    b = --s;
    cout << s.x() << "  " << s.y() << endl;
    cout << b.x() << "  " << b.y() << endl;
    cout << "-------------a---------------" << endl;
    Point a; // 定义对象  会调用构造
    cout << a.x() << " " << a.y() << endl;
    cout << "--------------c--------------" << endl;
    Point *c = new Point(); // 定义指针  并同时new 会调用构造
    cout << c->x() << " " << c->y() << endl;
    cout << "--------------f--------------" << endl;
    Point *f = &a; // 此处不会调用拷贝构造  这是指针方式   如果用对象的方式会调用
    cout << f->x() << " " << f->y() << endl;
    cout << "--------------k--------------" << endl;
    Point k = a; //  此处会调用拷贝构造  对象的方式
    cout << k.x() << " " << k.y() << endl;
    cout << "--------------d--------------" << endl;
    Point *d = nullptr; // 单纯的指针 并不会调用构造
    cout << d << endl;
    d = &a; // 此处不会调用拷贝赋值  指针方式
    cout << &a << " " << d << endl;
    cout << d->x() << " " << d->y() << endl;
    d = new Point(); // 调用构造，但不会调用赋值构造
    cout << d << endl;
    cout << d->x() << " " << d->y() << endl;
    cout << "--------------kkkkk--------------" << endl;
    f = d; // 改变指向
    cout << f << endl;
    cout << "--------------h--------------" << endl;
    Point h; // 普通构造
    h = a;   // 此处会调用拷贝赋值   对象方式
    cout << h.x() << " " << h.y() << endl;
}