数据结构：通过c语言写一个图书管理系统（数据结构期末作业）

通过按不同的序号实现：

1：图书馆系统的建立

2：输入图书基本信息

3：通过顺序查找

4：通过价格查找

5：图书名查找

6：插入

7：删除

8：输出

9：排序

10：借书

11：还书

0：退出

可以通过按不同的序号通过不同的提示获取不同的功能

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#define N 20
typedef int datatype_t;
struct bookInfo
{
    char name[N];//书名
    char name1[N];//书号
    float price;//价格
    int num;//数量
};
struct Node//节点结构体的定义
{
    struct bookInfo data;
    struct Node *next;
};
struct Node *list = NULL;//全局链表为空，单链表参数传递
//创建表头
struct Node *createHead()//申请头节点包含内存
{
    //动态申请
    struct Node *headNode = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));//申请内存
    headNode->next = NULL;
    return headNode;
};
//创建结点
struct Node *createNode(struct bookInfo data)
{
    struct Node *newNode = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));//申请内存
    newNode->data= data;
    newNode->next= NULL;
    return newNode;

};
//输入头插case2
void insertNodeByhead(struct Node *headNode, struct bookInfo data)
{
    struct Node* newNode = createNode(data);
    newNode->data=data;
    newNode->next = headNode->next;
    headNode->next = newNode;

}
//指定插入case 6
void insertAppoint(struct Node *headNode,struct bookInfo data, datatype_t pos)
{
    datatype_t i=0;//计数器
    struct Node* newNode = createNode(data);
    while(i < pos && headNode->next != NULL)
    {
        headNode=headNode->next;
        i++;
    }

    newNode->next = headNode->next;
    headNode->next = newNode;
}
//指定删除
void deleteNodeByName(struct Node *headNode,  char *bookName)
{
    struct Node *posLeftNode = headNode;//申请头节点
    struct Node *posNode = headNode->next;
    while(posNode != NULL && strcmp(posNode->data.name,bookName))//查找删除目标,图书名比较

    {
        posLeftNode = posNode;
        posNode = posLeftNode->next;

    }
    if(posNode == NULL)
    {
        printf("没有找到书籍，删除失败");
        return NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("删除成功！");
        posLeftNode->next = posNode->next;
        free(posNode);
        posNode = NULL;
    }
}
struct Node *searchByName(struct Node *headNode,char *bookName)//图书名
{
    struct Node *posNode = headNode ->next;
    while (posNode != NULL && strcmp(posNode->data.name,bookName))
    {
        posNode = posNode->next;
    }
    return posNode;
};
struct Node *searchByName1(struct Node *headNode,char *bookName1)//顺序指针它是地址
{
    struct Node *posNode = headNode ->next;
    while (posNode != NULL && strcmp(posNode->data.name1,bookName1))
    {
        posNode = posNode->next;
    }
    return posNode;
};
struct Node *searchByprice(struct Node *headNode,float bookPrice)//价格要用值，
{
 struct Node *posNode = headNode ->next;
    while (posNode != NULL && posNode->data.price !=bookPrice)
    {
        posNode = posNode->next;
    }
    return posNode;
};
void printlist(struct Node *headNode)//打印链表中的数据
{
    struct Node *pMove = headNode->next;
    printf("书名\t 书号 \t价格\t数量\t\n");
    while(pMove != NULL)
    {
        printf("%s\t %s\t%.2f\t %d\n",pMove->data.name,pMove->data.name1,pMove->data.price,pMove->data.num);
        pMove=pMove->next;
    }
}
void makeMenu()
{
        puts("                               ******************图书信息管理系统****************      ");
        puts("                                                                                  ");
        puts("                                                                                  ");
        puts("                                                     1.建立                       ");
        puts("                                                     2.输入                       ");
        puts("                                                     3.顺序查找                   ");
        puts("                                                     4.价格查找                   ");
        puts("                                                     5.图书名查找                 ");
        puts("                                                     6.插入                       ");
        puts("                                                     7.删除                       ");
        puts("                                                     8.输出                       ");
        puts("                                                     9.排序                       ");
        puts("                                                    10.借书                      ");
        puts("                                                    11.还书                      ");
        puts("                                                     0.退出                       ");
        puts("                                              请按相应的数字选择选项              ");
        puts("请输入（0-11）：>");

}
//文件操作，保存数据以免每次都要重新输入数据
void saveInfoToFile(const char *fileName,struct Node *headNode)//存储操作
{
    FILE *fp = fopen(fileName, "w");//打开文件 写
    struct Node *pMove= headNode->next;
    while(pMove != NULL)
    {
        fprintf(fp,"%s\t %s\t%.2f\t %d\n",pMove->data.name,pMove->data.name1,pMove->data.price,pMove->data.num);//打印到文件里面
        pMove=pMove->next;
    }
    fclose(fp);
}
//读操作
void readInfoFromFile(const char *fileName,struct Node *headNode)
{
   FILE *fp = fopen(fileName, "r");
   if(fp == NULL)
   {
       fp=fopen(fileName,"w+");//创建
   }
   struct bookInfo tempData;//临时信息
   while(fscanf(fp,"%s\t%s\t%f\t%d\n",tempData.name,tempData.name1,&tempData.price,&tempData.num) != EOF)
   {
       insertNodeByhead(list,tempData);
   }
   fclose(fp);
}
void bubbleSortList(struct Node *headNode)//排序从小到大
{
	struct Node *p = headNode->next;
	struct Node *q = headNode->next;
    for( ;p != NULL; p = p->next)
    {
        for(; q->next != NULL; q = q->next)
        {
            if(q->data.price > q->next->data.price)
            {
                struct bookInfo tempData = q ->data;
                q->data = q->next->data;
                q->next->data = tempData;
            }
        }
    }
    printlist(headNode);
}

//交互
void keyDown()
{
    int i;
    int userkey = 0;
    struct bookInfo tempBook; //产生一个临时变量存储书籍信息
    struct Node *result = NULL;
    scanf("%d",&userkey);
    switch(userkey)
    {
    case 0:
        printf("[退出]\n");
        printf("退出成功！\n");
        system("pause");//防止闪屏
        exit(0); //关闭整个程序
        break;
    case 1:
           printf("[建立]\n");
            puts("                  /****************************图书信息管理系统***********************/                ");
            puts("                  -----------------------------图书信息表创建--------------------------                ");
            puts("                                                                                                       ");
            puts("                                                                                                       ");
            puts("                                              成功建立图书信息表                                       ");
            puts("                                                                                                       ");
            puts("                                                                                                       ");
            puts("                                             请按相应的数字建选项                                      ");
            break;
    case 2:
        printf("[输入]\n");
        printf("输入书籍的信息(书名,书号,价格,数量)：>");
        scanf("%s%s%f%d",tempBook.name,tempBook.name1,&tempBook.price,&tempBook.num);//字符串不需要取地址&
       insertNodeByhead(list,tempBook);
       saveInfoToFile("book.txt", list);
        break;
    case 3:
        printf("[顺序查找]\n");
        printf("请输入要查询的书号：>");
        scanf("%s",tempBook.name1);
        result = searchByName1(list,tempBook.name1);
         if(result==NULL)
        {
            printf("未找到相关书籍！\n");
        }
        else
        {
            printf("书名\t 书号\t 价格\t 数量\t\n");
            printf("%s\t %s\t%.2f\t %d\n",result->data.name,result->data.name1,result->data.price,result->data.num);
        }
        break;
    case 4:
        printf("[价格查找]\n");
        printf("请输入价格：>");
        scanf("%f",&tempBook.price);
        result=searchByprice(list,tempBook.price);

         if(result==NULL)
        {
            printf("未找到相关书籍！\n");
        }
        else
        {
            printf("书名\t书号\t价格\t数量\t\n");
            printf("%s\t %s\t%.2f\t %d\n",result->data.name,result->data.name1,result->data.price,result->data.num);
        }
        break;
    case 5:
        printf("[图书名查找]\n");
        printf("请输入要查找的书名：>");
        scanf("%s",tempBook.name);
        result = searchByName(list,tempBook.name);
        if(result==NULL)
        {
            printf("未找到相关书籍！\n");
        }
        else
        {
            printf("书名\t 书号\t 价格\t 数量\t\n");
            printf("%s\t%s\t %.2f\t  %d\n",result->data.name,result->data.name1,result->data.price,result->data.num);
        }
        break;
    case 6:
        printf("[插入]\n");
        printf("输入书籍的信息(书名,书号,价格,数量)与插入位置：>");
        scanf("%s%s%f%d%d",tempBook.name,tempBook.name1,&tempBook.price,&tempBook.num,&i);
        insertAppoint(list,tempBook,i);
        saveInfoToFile("book.txt", list);
        break;
    case 7:
        printf("[删除]\n");
        printf("请输入要删除的书名：>");
        scanf("%s",tempBook.name);
        deleteNodeByName(list,tempBook.name);
        saveInfoToFile("book.txt", list);//同步文件

        break;
    case 8:
        printf("[输出]\n");
        printlist(list);
        break;
    case 9:
        printf("[排序]\n");
        bubbleSortList(list);
        break;
    case 10:
        printf("[借书]\n");
        printf("请输入需要借的书名：>");
        scanf("%s",tempBook.name);
        result=searchByName(list,tempBook.name);
        if(result == NULL)
        {
            printf("没有相关的图书。\n");
        }
        else
        {
             if(result->data.num > 0)
             {
                 result->data.num--;
                 printf("借书成功。\n");
             }
             else
             {
                 printf("当前书籍已全部借出，借书失败。");
             }
        }
        break;
    case 11:
        printf("[还书]\n");
        printf("请输入归还的书籍名：>");
        scanf("%s",tempBook.name);
        result=searchByName(list,tempBook.name);
        if(result == NULL)
        {
            printf("图书库里没有此书，还书失败。\n");
        }
        else
        {
            result->data.num++;
            printf("还书成功。\n");
        }
        break;
    default:
        printf("[输入值超过范围]\n");
        system("pause");
        exit(0);
        break;
    }
}
int main()
{

    list = createHead();//
    readInfoFromFile("book.txt",list);
    while(1)
    {
        makeMenu();
        keyDown();
        system("pause");
        system("cls");
    }


    system("pause");
    return 0;
}