英语--主谓一致

概念

主谓一致与主语必须在人称，数上保持一致。

This rich are not always happy.             主 单数

This rich man is not always happy.        主 复数

 三大原则

• 就近/就远原则
• 语法一致
• 意义一致

就近原则

谓语动词的单复数取决于理他最近的主语（主语并列含义）单复数。

Not only he but also all his family are keen on concerts.

Not only all his family but also he is keep on concerts.

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 either...or...       要么...要么...

 neither...nor...       ...既不...也不

 not only...but (also)        不但...而且...

...or...        或者...

not...but...        不是...而是...

Neither his family nor her knows/anything about it.

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 either of...   二者之一，主语单数

 neither of...  两者中，无一个，主语单数

 Both A and B 两者都，主语复数

Neither of my sisters likes sports.

Either of my sisters likes sports

Both of my sisters like sports.

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 就远原则

如果一句子的主语后面跟了其他后缀词，谓语动词和最前面的主语保持一致。

主语+后缀词+名词+谓语

Tom,together with his parents,has been to Beijing.

Tom has been to Beijing together with his parents.

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介词+名词

1.with,along/together with:            3个“和...一起”

2.but,expect:                                 2个“除了”

3.include/besides,in addition to    3"包括"，（除了...还有）

4.like(像...),as well as...(和，...也)

5.rather than （而不是）

主语 + （后缀词+名词）+谓语： 动词看真主

A woman with two children has come.

Jim,together with his classmates,has seen the film.

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 语法一致原则

主语单三形式（单/不可数），谓语动词单三；

主语复数形式，谓语动词非单三；

The performance was very attractive.

The twins look like their mother.

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 more than one +名单：V单

a/an+ 名单 + or two：V单

one or two +名复：V复

More than one school has closed.

More than one teacher gets (get) the flowers.

One or two friends are coming this evening.

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 every/each/no + 名单 + and + 名单：V单

 many a +名单 + and 名单：               V单

                （many a + 名单 = many + 名复）

Every desk and (every) chair is made of wood.

Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.

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身兼数职

a/an/the + 职业 and 职业（一人）：V单

a/an/the + 职业 and a/an/the + 职业（两人）： V复

The worker and writer is from Wuhan.

The worker and the writer are from Wuhan

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...(部分)of名词        谓语动词的单复数和of后面的名词息息相关

the rest of ... 剩余...                                           

half /part of ...

majority/minority of 大多数

one third/...percent of

Half of the apple is bad.

Half of the apples are bad.

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 复合不定代词（everyone/someone/no one/anyone等）作主语，单三，v动词用单数

Everyone around me is kind and nice

Someone is calling you.

Nobady wants to go there.

Nobady but Tom and Jerry wants to go there. 就远原则

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衣服类

shorts/trousers/pants/shoes/glasses...+V复

a/the pair of + shorts/trousers/pants/shoes/glasses +V单    看量词

His black trousers are too long.

A pair of shoes is under the bed.

Two pairs of shoes were stolen last night.

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非谓语/从句作主语，主单三

非谓语动词       （doing to do）

特殊疑问句+to do(How/Where to go...)

从句作主语         （看作整体）

Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes

When to go has not been decided.

Who will win is unknown.

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to do,doing,句子作主语，主单三

Reading often means learning.

To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good

Whether he will come is not easy to say.

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 意义一致原则

以实际含义为准

The rich are not always happy.

The sick here are very well care

Eight hours of sleep is enough

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the + 形容词，表示一类人，           主语复数

the + 姓氏复数（-s），表示...全家人    主语复

The young  are the future of our country.

The Greens are on holiday now.

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表示时间time，距离，金钱money，数字number等复数名词作主语，实际意义是总量，看作单数，谓语用单数。

Ten years has passed since he left his home.

Ten dollars is enough.

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集体名词family，group,population人口数/居民，audience,public大众，government,等作主语，强调整体用单数，指所有个体成员(人)用复数。

His family（家庭） is in Harbin.
His family (家人)    are music lovers.

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某些名词：people(人们)，police(警察)，couple等复数含义，谓语动词用复数。

The police are searching for a thief.

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number

a number of + (大量/许多=many)名复： V复

the number/amount of  + 名(...的数量)：V单

A number of students have gone to the countryside.

The number of students in our class is fifty.

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one of ......名词复数

one of + n复(定语从句) + v复：众多之一

the one/the only one/the very one of + n复：V单   唯一一个

He is one of the boys who enjoy playing basketball.

He is the only one the boys who enjoys playing basketball.

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大量的..

不可数名词，不看名词，看量词

quantities of / (large) amounts of + 名(可数/不可数) +V复    (看量词)

quantities of money have been collected for the earthquake-hit area.

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