MyBatis入门

big-huan

于 2024-06-05 19:17:37 发布

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文章标签： mybatis java 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_65419210/article/details/139479921

版权

一. 传统Jdbc代码问题分析

开始说mybatis之前先看一下jdbc代码存在的不足

传统Jdbc程序：

public class JdbcTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //1.加载数据库驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            //2.创建连接对象
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://192.168.10.137:3306/ssm";
            Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, 
                                                                "root",
                                                                "1111");
            String sql = "select * from account";
            //3.准备PreparedStatement对象
            PreparedStatement pst = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            //4.执行sql语句
            ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();
            //5.遍历结果集
            while(rs.next()){
                Integer id = rs.getInt("id");
                String name = rs.getString("name");
                Double money = rs.getDouble("money");
                System.out.println(id + " " + name + " " + money);
            }
            //6.关闭资源
            rs.close();
            pst.close();
            connection.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

问题
1. 手动创建和释放链接
2. sql语句在代码中硬编码
3. 对结果的解析

二. MyBatis框架概述

MyBatis是一个优秀的持久层框架，它对jdbc的操作数据库的过程进行封装，使开发者只需要关注 SQL 本身，而不需要花费精力去处理例如注册驱动、创建connection、创建statement、手动设置参数、获取结果集等jdbc繁杂的过程代码。

MyBatis 本是apache的一个开源项目iBatis, 2010年这个项目由apache software foundation 迁移到了google code，并且改名为MyBatis。iBatis一词来源于“internet”和“abatis”的组合，是一个基于Java的持久层框架。

三. MyBatis入门案例

3.1 创建工程：

3.2 pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.ma</groupId>
    <artifactId>01_mybatis_HelloWorld</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
    <properties>
        <!-- 项目源码及编译输出的编码 -->
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <!-- 项目编译JDK版本 -->
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <!-- 如果不添加此节点src/main/java目录下的所有配置文件都会被漏掉。 -->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

3.3 log4j.properties

# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

3.4 pojo

public class User implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private Date birthday;
    private String sex;
    private String address;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

3.5 UserMapper

public interface UserMapper {
    public List<User> findAll();
}

3.6 UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace：隔离sql，一般是接口名称的全类名-->
<mapper namespace="com.ma.mapper.UserMapper">
    <!--
      id:和接口方法名保持一致
      resultType:和接口返回类型保持一致
     -->
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.ma.pojo.User">
        select * from user
    </select>
</mapper>

3.7 mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!-- 和spring整合后 environments配置将废除-->
    <environments default="dev">
        <!-- dev环境 -->
        <environment id="dev">
            <!-- 配置事务的类型:type="JDBC | MANAGED" 两种方式
                 JDBC:表示使用JDBC中原生的事务管理方式
                 MANAGED:被管理，例如Spring
			-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <!-- 配置连接数据库的信息：用的是数据源(连接池) -->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                 <!-- mysql5 -->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="1111"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!-- 告知 mybatis 映射配置的位置 -->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/ma/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

注意mysql8的driver和url

<!-- mysql8 -->
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"/>

3.8 测试

public class MyBatisTest {

    private InputStream inputStream;
    private SqlSession sqlSession;

    @Before
    public void createSqlSession() throws IOException {
        // 加载配置文件
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);

        // 创建SqlSessionFactory
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = 
            				new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        //获得数据库会话实例
        sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = userMapper.findAll();
        for(User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

    @After
    public void closeSqlSession() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.close();
        inputStream.close();
    }
}