文章目录
PHP基本知识
- php注释快捷键:Ctrl + ?
- php文件名不能出现中文名,出现则无法输出
PHP基本语法
1.php变量、常量
- 变量以$符号开头,其后是变量名称
<?php
$int = 22;
$float = 15.2;
$str = "22";
$bool = false;
$arr = [1,15.2,"22","true"];
2.php打印输出
- echo
显示输出内容到浏览器(不能打印数组)
- print_r
显示输出内容到浏览器(能打印数组)
- var_dump()
返回变量的完整信息
<?php
$int = 22;
$float = 15.2;
$str = "22";
$bool = false;
$arr = [1,15.2,"22","true"];
echo $int,$float;
print_r($arr);
var_dump($arr);
3.php运算符
if、switch语句
语法格式同C/C++
array数组
数组声明
1.未定义键名
小括号、中括号效果一致
<?php
$as = array(1,2,3);
var_dump($as);
$arr = [1,2,3];
var_dump($arr);
2.定义键名
<?php
// $as = array(1,2,3);
// var_dump($as);
// $arr = [1,2,3];
// var_dump($arr);
$as = array(1,2,3);
var_dump($as);
$arr = ["1" => 1,"2" => 2,"3" => 3];
var_dump($arr);
数组键名定义的规则
等价于:a[8] = a; a[1] = c; a[0] = D
数组的赋值操作
声明: $arr[键名] = ‘e’(此处双引号也可以~)
<?php
$arr = [
8 =>'a',
"08" => 'a',
1 =>'a',
"1" =>'b',
1.5 =>'c',
false =>'D',
];
var_dump($arr);
// $arr[false] = "e";
$arr[false] = 'e';
var_dump($arr);
php常见数组的分类
1.数值数组
上面的都是
2.关联数组
3.多维数组
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$class = [
"项目部" => [
"name" => "张三",
"gemder" => "man"
],
"市场部" => [
"name" =>"李四",
"gender" => "man"
]
];
var_dump($class)
?>
</body>
</html>
注意:在html中写php时,要记得以?>结尾,否则网页报错如下:
效果:
循环结构与数组遍历
数组遍历–for
<?php
$number = ['1','2','3','4','5','6'];
for($i = 0 ; $i < count($number) ; $i++){
echo $number[$i];
}
count()函数功能:统计数组长度
break && continue
功能同C/C++
foreach语句
1.遍历一维数组
不加键
<?php
$number = [1,2,3,4,5,6];
foreach($number as $v){
echo $v;
}
加键
<?php
// $number = [1,2,3,4,5,6];
// foreach($number as $v){
// echo
// }
$number = [1,2,3,4,5,6];
foreach($number as $k=>$v){
echo $k . '=>' . $v;
// echo "<br>";
echo '<br>';
}
echo ‘< br >’; 换行
2.遍历二维数组
1.不加键
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$class = [
"项目部" => [
"name" => "张三",
"gender" => "man"
],
"市场部" => [
"name" =>"李四",
"gender" => "man"
]
];
foreach($class as $v){
echo $v['name'];
echo $v['gender'];
}
?>
</body>
</html>
2.加键
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$class = [
"项目部" => [
"name" => "张三",
"gender" => "man"
],
"市场部" => [
"name" =>"李四",
"gender" => "man"
]
];
foreach($class as $k => $v){
echo $k . '=>' .$v['name'];
echo $k . '=>' .$v['gender'];
echo "<br>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
< form >元素
概念
登录框、搜索框、填写信息的文本框,本质上都是form表单制作的。form表单是HTML前端和后端语言交互的一个重要元素。
< input >元素
是最重要的表单元素,存在于< form >元素的内部
type属性
reset | 重置按钮,所有数据清零 |
---|
submit:检测输入格式是否正确
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
用户:<input type="text"><br>
密码:<input type="password"><br>
邮箱:<input type="email"><br>
男<input type="radio" name="gender">
女<input type="radio" name="gender"><br>
<input type="submit">
<input type="reset"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>
name属性和value属性
value
radio和submit的值不可以输入,所以要手动输入value值
name
拓展属性
属性 | 功能 |
---|---|
required | 输入框内容不能为空 |
disabled | 输入框禁止输入 |
autofocus | 输入框自动获取焦点 |
required
disable
autofocus
< form >表单两个核心属性
action属性
功能:表单提交地址
demo.php
check.php
method属性(重点)
get请求
demo中显示为get请求
check中显示为get请求
post请求
demo中显示为get请求
check中显示为post请求
demo.php
check.php
PHP与form表单综合运用
普通打印
代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<form action="" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>学号:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="stu_no"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>姓名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="stu_name" value="ludan"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>姓别:</td>
<td>
男:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="男">
女:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="女">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>电话:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="telephone"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>年龄:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>学院:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="college"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="保存">
<input type="reset" name="reset" value="重置">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<?php
print_r($_POST);
?>
</center>
</body>
</html>
输出:
判断后表单打印
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<form action="" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>学号:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="stu_no"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>姓名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="stu_name" value="ludan"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>姓别:</td>
<td>
男:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="男">
女:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="女">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>电话:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="telephone"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>年龄:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>学院:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="college"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="保存">
<input type="reset" name="reset" value="重置">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<?php
// print_r($_POST);
// 判断发出的是否post请求才输出,且按表格输出
if($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] === 'POST'){
echo '<p style="color:red">print_r($_POST)打印出来的结果</p>';
echo '<pre>';
print_r($_POST);#两个print_r???
echo '</pre>';
echo "<table border='1'>";
echo '<tr>';
echo '<th>学号</th>';
echo '<th>姓名</th>';
echo '<th>性别</th>';
echo '<th>电话</th>';
echo '<th>年龄</th>';
echo '<th>学院</th>';
echo '</tr>';
//数组访问,中括号访问
echo '<tr>';
echo "<td>{$_POST['stu_no']}</td>";
echo "<td>{$_POST['stu_name']}</td>";
echo "<td>{$_POST['gender']}</td>";
echo "<td>{$_POST['telephone']}</td>";
echo "<td>{$_POST['age']}</td>";
echo "<td>{$_POST['college']}</td>";
echo '</tr>';
echo "</table>";
}
?>
</center>
</body>
</html>