如何将磁盘容量扩容到根分区详解

部署蓝鲸平台时，镜像仓库占比容量太高，导致根分区使用100%

 添加一块100G的磁盘之后，我们需要将磁盘扩容到根分区，以下是操作步骤

 

卸载/mnt分区，卸载之前，先备份数据
[root@base02 ~]# umount /mnt

删除分区并创建新的分区
[root@base02 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): 
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): 
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@base02 ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vda             252:0    0   54G  0 disk 
├─vda1          252:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─vda2          252:2    0   53G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   33G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0   20G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
vdb             252:16   0  100G  0 disk 
└─vdb1          252:17   0  100G  0 part 

#格式化新分区
[root@base02 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
6553600 inodes, 26214144 blocks
1310707 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2174746624
800 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   

挂载/dev/vdb1到/mnt下
[root@base02 ~]# mount /dev/vdb1 /mnt

[root@base02 ~]# vim /etc/fstab 
[root@base02 ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G  7.8G   40K 100% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   33G  7.8G   26G  24% /
/dev/vda1               1014M  189M  826M  19% /boot
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb1                 99G   61M   94G   1% /mnt


[root@base02 ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G  7.8G   40K 100% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   33G  7.8G   26G  24% /
/dev/vda1               1014M  189M  826M  19% /boot
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb1                 99G   61M   94G   1% /mnt

将空间重新分配给卷组
[root@base02 data]# pvcreate /dev/vdb1
WARNING: ext4 signature detected on /dev/vdb1 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
  Wiping ext4 signature on /dev/vdb1.
  Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created.
[root@base02 data]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vda             252:0    0   54G  0 disk 
├─vda1          252:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─vda2          252:2    0   53G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   33G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0   20G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
vdb             252:16   0  100G  0 disk 
└─vdb1          252:17   0  100G  0 part 
[root@base02 data]# vgextend centos /dev/vdb1
  Volume group "centos" successfully extended

扩展根逻辑卷的大小
[root@base02 data]# lvextend -L +94G /dev/mapper/centos-root
  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <33.00 GiB (8447 extents) to <127.00 GiB (32511 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.

调整文件系统大小已使用新的空间
[root@base02 data]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/centos-root
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/mapper/centos-root
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
[root@base02 data]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G  7.8G   72K 100% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   33G  7.8G   26G  24% /
/dev/vda1               1014M  189M  826M  19% /boot
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
[root@base02 data]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vda             252:0    0   54G  0 disk 
├─vda1          252:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─vda2          252:2    0   53G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0  127G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0   20G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
vdb             252:16   0  100G  0 disk 
└─vdb1          252:17   0  100G  0 part 
  └─centos-root 253:0    0  127G  0 lvm  /

检查根分区文件类型
[root@base02 data]# df -T / | awk '{print $2}' | tail -1
xfs
使用xfs_growfs /扩展文件系统
[root@base02 data]# xfs_growfs /
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=15, agsize=589568 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=8649728, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 8649728 to 33291264

扩容完成
[root@base02 data]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G  7.8G   72K 100% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root  127G  7.8G  120G   7% /
/dev/vda1               1014M  189M  826M  19% /boot
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0