M1 系列虚拟机-ContOS7-Linux安装Mysql
主要解决了生成的初始化密码无法登录的情况,以及跳过初始化密码并设置密码的全过程
编辑于:2024 年 06 月 12 日
1.检查依赖
#检查是否有mariadb软件
rpm -qa | grep mariadb
#检查是否有原MySQL软件
rpm -qa | grep mysql
#检测到的软件直接卸载
#我这里检测到了mariadb软件,所以卸载它
sudo rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.aarch64 --nodeps
#如果检测到mysql软件,同样卸载
sudo rpm -e 检测到的mysql文件名 --nodeps
2.上传并安装rpm文件
版本:8.3.0(Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (ARM, 64-bit))
arm版本下载地址:https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
#将下载好的MySQL文件上传至服务器,解压
tar -xvf mysql-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm-bundle.tar
#按照以下顺序安装需要的包
sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
3.启动MySQL
#查看MySQL状态
systemctl status mysqld
#启动MySQL服务 systemctl start mysqld
#如果出现以下结果,说明MySQL启动成功
#补充命令:
systemctl start mysqld #启动mysql服务
systemctl stop mysqld #停止mysql服务
systemctl restart mysqld #重启mysql服务
systemctl status mysqld #查看mysql服务当前状态
systemctl enable mysqld #设置mysql服务开机自启动
systemctl disable mysqld #停止mysql服务开机自启动
4.修改 root用户的密码
#在MySQL安装完成之后,系统会默认生成一个初始密码,我们要做的就是讲这个密码改成我们容易记住的密码
sudo cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
#下面我标出来的是MySQL的初始密码,当然你们肯定跟我的不一样
#使用初始密码登陆
MySQL mysql -uroot -p
#出现下面mysql>就是登陆MySQL成功
#修改密码长度限制
set global validate_password.length=4;
#修改密码复杂限制
set global validate_password.policy=low;
#将密码修改为:123456
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
#之后就可以用这个密码登陆MySQL了
5.允许root远程登录
#切换到mysql库
use mysql
#查看用户信息
select host,user from user where user='root';
#设置允许任何IP登录
update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
#刷新权限
flush privileges;
#授权远程
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
#刷新权限
flush privileges;
异常问题
1.安装异常
# 第一种
[root@centos-linux mysql]# sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm warning: mysql-community-server-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: mysql-community-icu-data-files = 8.3.0-1.el7 is needed by mysql-community-server-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64 net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64
# 解决方式-安装mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
# 第二种
[root@centos-linux mysql]# sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm warning: mysql-community-server-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.3.0-1.el7.aarch64
# 解决方式-安装net-tools后继续执行上述安装命令
sudo yum install net-tools
#在rpm -ivh 命令安装rpm包时,可能会出现以下几种情况:
#缺少.so的库,执行命令:
sudo yum install -y libaio*
#报依赖缺失,这是因为依赖库之间有依赖,必须按照顺序安装; #这里认真看一下安装步骤
2.登录异常
# 查看密码后登录显示密码错误,(手动/复制都不对)解决办法
# 关闭MySQL服务 sudo systemctl stop mysqld
# 修改配置文件 vi /etc/my.cnf
# 添加下述内容到配置文件-保存退出
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
# 重启 MySQL 服务
systemctl restart mysqld
# 进入 MySQL,密码直接回车会跳过
mysql -uroot -p
#修改密码长度限制
set global validate_password.length=4;
#修改密码复杂限制
set global validate_password.policy=low;
#将密码修改为:123456 alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
# 出现下面问题,先刷新mysql再修改密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement
mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
#之后就可以用这个密码登陆MySQL了
3.远程无法连接
-
重启 MySQL 服务: 在进行了任何配置更改后,尝试重启 MySQL 服务以使更改生效。