李老师 作业4：CentOS7下部署Kubernetes集群 （一）

作业4：CentOS7下部署Kubernetes集群

题量: 1 满分: 100.0 

作答时间:06-01 05:25至06-14 05:26

修改主机名

 hostnamectl set-hostname k8s_401_master

 hostnamectl set-hostname k8s_401_node_01

 hostnamectl set-hostname k8s_401_node_02

验证是否修改成功

cat /etc/hostname 

查看IP

修改3个节点的映射

vi /etc/hosts

直接在文件末尾追加(不可以加下划线)

84.84.1.4 k8s_401_master
84.84.1.5 k8s_401_node01
84.84.1.6 k8s_401_node02

关闭3个节点防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service

systemctl disable firewalld.service 

systemctl restart network

永久禁用3个节点的swap

sed -i.bak '/swap/s/^/#/' /etc/fstab

mount -a

关闭三个节点的SELinux，执行如下命令

sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux

将桥接的IPV4流量传递到iptables 的链

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

EOF

sysctl --system

在全部节点上安装Docker

1.更新yum

yum update

全输入y，回车

2.安装依赖包

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

3.设置Docker源

yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

4.安装dockers CE

4.1.查看docker安装版本

yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

4.2安装docker CE

yum install docker-ce-18.09.6 docker-ce-cli-18.09.6 containerd.io

输入y

yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

5.启动docker并设置开机启动

systemctl start docker

systemctl enable docker

6.查看docker版本

docker version

7.命令补全

7.1安装bash-completion

yum -y install bash-completion

7.2加载bash-completion

source /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh

登录阿里云https://account.aliyun.com/login/m_login.htm?oauth_callback=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aliyun.com%2F

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://68l891h8.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}

修改为自己的

重启服务

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl restart docker

systemctl status docker.service

设置全部节点的k8s的yum软件源为阿里云

cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo <<EOF

[kubernetes]    
name=Kubernetes 
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1   
gpgcheck=1  
repo_gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg 
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg   
EOF

更新缓存

yum clean all

yum -y makecache

在全部节点上安装Kubeadm  Kubelet  Kubectl

yum -y remove kubelet

yum -y remove kubeadm

yum -y remove kubectl

yum install -y kubelet-1.14.2 --nogpgcheck

yum install -y kubectl-1.14.2 --nogpgcheck

yum install -y kubeadm-1.14.2 --nogpgcheck

systemctl enable kubelet

kubeadm reset

启动Kunelet并设置开机启动

systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

命令补全

echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >>~/.bash_profile

source .bash_profile

k8s-master节点的安装

vi image.sh

#!/bin/bash
url=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
version=v1.14.2
images=(`kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version=$version|awk -F '/' '{print $2}'`)
for imagename in ${images[@]} ; do
  docker pull $url/$imagename
  docker tag $url/$imagename k8s.gcr.io/$imagename
  docker rmi -f $url/$imagename
done

chmod u+x image.sh

./image.sh

初始化

kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address 84.84.1.4 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

把84.84.1.4改为自己的ip地址

echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> ~/.bash_profile

source .bash_profile 

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.10/getting-started/kubernetes/installation/hosted/kubernetes-datastore/calico-networking/1.7/calico.yaml --no-check-certificate
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

 删除污点

两个从节点

vi image.sh

#!/bin/bash
url=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
version=v1.14.2
images=(`kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version=$version|awk -F '/' '{print $2}'`)
for imagename in ${images[@]} ; do
  docker pull $url/$imagename
  docker tag $url/$imagename k8s.gcr.io/$imagename
  docker rmi -f $url/$imagename
done

chmod u+x image.sh

./image.sh

主机查看令牌

kubeadm token list

生成新令牌

kubeadm token create

openssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | \
   openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //'

 密串

92b46817271e5e482694a917ed3828a99f5d74a4987f06decd476a6904b937e7

令牌

6omj3h.d1d7klb5y5uc91ly

两个从节点  修改IP，令牌 密串为自己的

kubeadm join 84.84.1.4:6443 --token 6omj3h.d1d7klb5y5uc91ly --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:92b46817271e5e482694a917ed3828a99f5d74a4987f06decd476a6904b937e7

 主机

recommended.yaml的内容

正常运行下面这条指令，但是我的拒绝连接，所以我在根目录新建recommended.yaml

wget  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/aio/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

vim recommended.yaml

以下是recommended.yaml的内容

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.5.0
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.7
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

一. 简答题（共1题，100分）

1. (简答题)

基本要求：

1. 1个Master节点，主机名：K8S_个人学号后三位_master;2个Node节点，主机名分别为：K8S_个人学号后三位_node_01和K8S_个人学号后三位_node_02。

2.  docker版本docker，kubelet/kubeadm/kubectl版本V1.14.2，设置全部节点的kubernetes的YUM软件源为阿里云。

3. 浏览器访问个人Master节点的30067端口，访问Node选项，截屏，如下图所示。

4. 命令行测试

4.1 执行命令行方式和配置文件方式部署应用命令

4.2 执行查看副本数命令并截屏

4.3 执行查看deployment详细信息命令并截屏

4.4 执行查看集群基本组件状态命令并截屏

5. K8s集群部署Spring Boot应用

5.1 制作Dockerfile文件，生成镜像。

构建JDK镜像，Dockerfile文件内容如下。

FROM centos:latest

MAINTAINER  个人姓名拼音

ADD  jdk-8u251-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/java

ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_251

ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

CMD java -version

执行：docker  build  -t  jdk1.8.0_251  . 

      首先，在Eclispe中创建一个简单的Spring Boot项目，网页输出Hello World项目名称为：springboot-K8s-1.0.0，发布项目获得：springboot-K8s-1.0.0.jar，把springboot-K8s-1.0.0.jar复制到Dockerfile文件所在的目录。

      然后，构建项目镜像  ，Dockerfile文件内容如下。 

FROM  jdk1.8.0_251

MAINTAINER  LIHONGBO

ADD  springboot-K8s-1.0.0.jar  /opt

RUN  chmod  +x  /opt/springboot-K8s-1.0.0.jar

CMD  java  -jar  /opt/springboot-K8s-1.0.0.jar

     执行命令：docker  build  -t  springboot-K8s-1.0.0-jar  .

    进而，部署镜像，执行如下命令  

kubectl  create  deployment  springboot-K8s  \

--image=springboot-K8s-1.0.0-jar  --dry-run  -o  yaml  >  deploy.yaml

# deploy.yaml内容

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

       creationTimestamp: null

       labels:

             app: springboot-K8s

             name: springboot-K8s

spec:

      replicas: 1

selector:

          matchLabels:

                app: springboot-K8s

  strategy: {}

  template:

          metadata:

              creationTimestamp: null

              labels:

                     app: springboot-K8s

    spec:

      containers:

      -image:springboot-K8s-1.0.0-jar

          name:springboot-K8s-1.0.0-jar

        #配置从本地拉取镜像，不从镜像仓库拉取        imagePullPolicy:Never

        resources: {}

status: {}

最后，执行

kubectl  apply  -f  deploy.yaml

kubectl  expose  deploy  springboot-K8s  --port=80  --type=NodePort

kubectl  get  service

kubectl  get  deploy

kubectl  get  pods

给出：上面3个get命令的运行结果截屏。

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