虚拟机模拟xfs类型文件恢复

格式化和挂载

将/dev/sdb1的格式设置成xfs，并挂载到/xfs

[root@localhost /]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=655360 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2621440, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost /]# mkdir xfs
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /xfs
[root@localhost /]# df -Th
Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs       devtmpfs  1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G   12M  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda3      xfs       291G  3.6G  288G   2% /
/dev/sda1      xfs      1014M  142M  873M  14% /boot
tmpfs          tmpfs     378M     0  378M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1      xfs        10G   33M   10G   1% /xfs

在/test中放入一些文件

[root@localhost /]# cd xfs
[root@localhost xfs]# ls
[root@localhost xfs]# cp /etc/passwd ./
[root@localhost xfs]# mkdir test
[root@localhost xfs]# touch ./test/a
[root@localhost xfs]# ls ./test
a
[root@localhost xfs]# ls
passwd  test

安装xfsdump

xfs文件的恢复需要xfsdump程序，检查是否安装了xfsdump，没有则安装。

[root@localhost xfs]# rpm -qa |grep xfsdump
[root@localhost xfs]# yum install -y xfsdump

使用xfsdump对xfs文件进行备份

使用xfsdump对挂载在/xfs下的/dev/sdb1进行备份，备份到/opt，备份文件名为xfsbak

注意xfsdump的备份对象是一整个磁盘分区

[root@localhost xfs]# xfsdump -f /opt/xfsbak /dev/sdb1 -L xfsbak -M sdb1
xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy
xfsdump: version 3.1.7 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control
xfsdump: level 0 dump of localhost.localdomain:/xfs
xfsdump: dump date: Wed Aug 14 17:11:05 2024
xfsdump: session id: bef3b27b-9fc1-42ac-8220-0133ae56284b
xfsdump: session label: "xfsbak"
xfsdump: ino map phase 1: constructing initial dump list
xfsdump: ino map phase 2: skipping (no pruning necessary)
xfsdump: ino map phase 3: skipping (only one dump stream)
xfsdump: ino map construction complete
xfsdump: estimated dump size: 25856 bytes
xfsdump: /var/lib/xfsdump/inventory created
xfsdump: creating dump session media file 0 (media 0, file 0)
xfsdump: dumping ino map
xfsdump: dumping directories
xfsdump: dumping non-directory files
xfsdump: ending media file
xfsdump: media file size 24016 bytes
xfsdump: dump size (non-dir files) : 1056 bytes
xfsdump: dump complete: 0 seconds elapsed
xfsdump: Dump Summary:
xfsdump:   stream 0 /opt/xfsbak OK (success)
xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS

查看备份好的文件

模拟文件丢失

删除/xfs内的文件

[root@localhost xfs]# ls
passwd  test
[root@localhost xfs]# rm -rf *
[root@localhost xfs]# ls
[root@localhost xfs]# 

文件恢复

将保存在/opt中的备份恢复到/xfs中

[root@localhost xfs]# xfsrestore -f /opt/xfsbak /xfs
xfsrestore: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy
xfsrestore: version 3.1.7 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control
xfsrestore: searching media for dump
xfsrestore: examining media file 0
xfsrestore: dump description:
xfsrestore: hostname: localhost.localdomain
xfsrestore: mount point: /xfs
xfsrestore: volume: /dev/sdb1
xfsrestore: session time: Wed Aug 14 17:11:05 2024
xfsrestore: level: 0
xfsrestore: session label: "xfsbak"
xfsrestore: media label: "sdb1"
xfsrestore: file system id: d3939047-d745-4591-a996-4a9466e0508a
xfsrestore: session id: bef3b27b-9fc1-42ac-8220-0133ae56284b
xfsrestore: media id: cf99c853-b7c9-4a49-b995-48574b3475b4
xfsrestore: using online session inventory
xfsrestore: searching media for directory dump
xfsrestore: reading directories
xfsrestore: 2 directories and 3 entries processed
xfsrestore: directory post-processing
xfsrestore: restoring non-directory files
xfsrestore: restore complete: 0 seconds elapsed
xfsrestore: Restore Summary:
xfsrestore:   stream 0 /opt/xfsbak OK (success)
xfsrestore: Restore Status: SUCCESS

查看恢复的文件

完成