云计算day32

docker容器==》k8s编排=〉openstack

存储 监控 ⽇志 以及其他的内容

回顾

1.环境的安装

cat << EOF | tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf

> overlay

> br_netfilter

> EOF

overllay

br_netfilter

cat << EOF | tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

> net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

> EOF

# yum 镜像

# yum 服务器和客户端2.镜像案例

# 启动服务

systemctl start docker.service

# 查看镜像

docker images

docker image ls

# 删除镜像

docker rmi centos:latest

docker rmi 5axxxx(img id)

# 在公共仓库查找镜像

docker search centos

# 拉取镜像

docker pull centos

2.管理容器 容器就是在镜像上添加了⼀个可写层

# 创建容器docker run -it --name c0 centos:latest /bin/bash

# 查看容器

docker ps # 查看up的容器

docker ps --all #查看所有的容器

# 切回宿主 ctrl p q

#启动容器

docker start c0 c1

#停⽤容器

docker stop c0 c1

#删除容器

docker rm c0 c1

# 如果容器正在运⾏，容器是删除的，如果容器没有删除，对应的镜

像也⽆法删除

镜像的迁移

# save

docker save -o centos.tar centos:latest

# load

docker save -i centos.tar⽣成镜像

# export 通过容器⽣成tar

docker export centoshttpd.tar c0

# import 通过tar引⼊镜像

docker import -m "dafdsfa" centoshtpd centos:httpd

docker images

获得镜像ip地址

# 进⼊到镜像的bash

yum install iprouter,net-tools

ip a

# 使⽤exec指令

docker exec 容器名称或者id yum -y install iproute

docker exec c0 ip a

# 直接使⽤inspect命令

dcoker inspoct c0

端⼝映射 -p数据持久化

线上考试系统的数据 虚拟化技术部署

1.部署前段服务器

docker run -it --name c0 -p80:80/tcp centos:latest

/bin/bash

docker run -it --name c1 -p80 centos:latest

/bin/bash # 宿主会指定⼀个⼤于等于3278的端⼝给容器

docker ps --all # 查看实际给予的端⼝

docker run -it --name c2 -p10.1.1.51::80

centos:latest /bin/bash

docker run -it --name c4 -v /opt/:/var/www/html/

centos:latest /bin/bash

# 1.将资源上传到服务器

scp -r dist/ root@192.168.71.50:~# 2创建基础容器 在服务器上

systemctl start docker.service

docker pull centos

docker run -it --name c0 centos:latest /bin/bash

# 3 在容器中修改yum源

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-

8.5.2111.repo

yum clean all && yum makecache

# 4.在容器中安装epel

yum -y install epel-release

# 5.在容器中安装nginx

yum -y install nginx

# 6.ctrl pq

# 7.导出tar包

docker export -o centos_nginx.tar

# 8.引⼊tar包，称为镜像

docker import -m "维护世界和平" centos_nginx.tar

centos:nginx

# 9.查看镜像

docker image ls

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED

SIZE

centos nginx 9afbddb29074 10 seconds

ago 366MBmysql latest a82a8f162e18 4 weeks ago

586MB

centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 2 years ago

231MB

# 10.停⽤c0容器，删除c0容器

# 11.创建新的centos nginx容器，在创建的同时指定端⼝，以及

挂载⽬录

docker run -it --name c0 -p80:80/tcp -v

/opt/:/usr/share/nginx/html centos:nginx /bin/bash

# 12在容器内部启动nginx服务

nginx

#ctrl p q

# 13 在宿主上把dist⽬录中的⽂件复制opt⽬录中

cp -r dist/* /opt

1.启动docker守护进程

[root@docker001 ~]# systemctl start docker.service2.搜索mysql镜像

[root@docker001 ~]# docker search mysql

NAME DESCRIPTION

STARS OFFICIAL

mysql MySQL is a widely used, open

source relation… 15322 [OK]

bitnami/mysql Bitnami container image for

MySQL 114

google/mysql MySQL server for Google

Compute Engine 25

elestio/mysql Mysql, verified and packaged

by Elestio 0

rapidfort/mysql RapidFort optimized, hardened

image for MySQL 25

circleci/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open

source relation… 30

ubuntu/mysql MySQL open source fast,

stable, multi-thread… 64

javanile/mysql MySQL for development

0

eclipse/mysql Mysql 5.7, curl, rsync

1

ilios/mysql Mysql configured for running

Ilios 1

cimg/mysql

3bitnamicharts/mysql

0

mirantis/mysql

0

docksal/mysql MySQL service images for

Docksal - https://d… 0

linuxserver/mysql A Mysql container, brought to

you by LinuxSe… 41

datajoint/mysql MySQL image pre-configured to

work smoothly … 2

ddev/mysql ARM64 base images for ddev

dbserver-mysql-8.… 1

phpmyadmin phpMyAdmin - A web interface

for MySQL and M… 1017 [OK]

vulhub/mysql

0

drud/mysql

1

nasqueron/mysql

1

corpusops/mysql

https://github.com/corpusops/docker-images/ 0

jumpserver/mysql

1

openeuler/mysql

0encoflife/mysql

0

3.拉取mysql镜像

[root@docker001 ~]# docker pull mysql

Using default tag: latest

latest: Pulling from library/mysql

6e839ac3722d: Pull complete

ad912193ad5f: Pull complete

25d13d87fd8d: Pull complete

004d383c75ef: Pull complete

6d9bbc82a0b8: Pull complete

81fec07ea550: Pull complete

83357cb2d3a5: Pull complete

8ffe968b82c1: Pull complete

30dfd9a7ed57: Pull complete

35844ae33cbe: Pull complete

Digest:

sha256:86cdfe832c81e39a89cfb63c3fde1683c41cc00ef91e

67653c9c1df0ba80f454

Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest

docker.io/library/mysql:latest

[root@docker001 ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED

SIZEcentos nginx 12fea1b890de 13 hours

ago 366MB

centos java17 b6bf774de7bb 14 hours

ago 550MB

centos_httpd v0 fffc96d791d5 39 hours

ago 309MB

centos_yum v0 191d9c84f461 39 hours

ago 260MB

mysql latest a82a8f162e18 4 weeks ago

586MB

centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 2 years ago

231MB

4.创建镜像容器

[root@docker001 ~]# docker run -d --name my01 -e

MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -p 3306:3306 mysql:latest

9338d672d3d819e5eb35fcf9fb5cd8fe88daf5a84b00ab0a4b3

3fc9b9ba87d8a

# -d 后台运⾏，并输出hashcode

# -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root 设置mysql密码

# -p 映射3306端⼝

5.管理mysql[root@docker001 ~]# docker exec -it my01 mysql -

uroot -proot

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command

line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ;

or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 9

Server version: 9.0.1 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its

affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle

Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their

respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear

the current input statement.

让容器时间和宿主机时间⼀

致

[root@docker001 ~]# docker run -it --name c0

centos:nginx /bin/bash

[root@6caf88cce814 /]# date

Sat Aug 24 13:36:54 UTC 2024

[root@6caf88cce814 /]# [root@docker001 ~]#

[root@docker001 ~]# docker run -it --name c1 -v

/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime centos:nginx

/bin/bash

[root@f01eb51c8a59 /]# date

Sat Aug 24 21:38:29 CST 2024

[root@f01eb51c8a59 /]#

[root@docker001 ~]# docker exec c0 date

Sat Aug 24 13:40:14 UTC 2024

[root@docker001 ~]# docker exec c1 date

Sat Aug 24 21:40:19 CST 2024

让容器共享宿主的/etc/localtime

exec命令

# 容易内部已经安装的指令⽅可执⾏，否则⽆法执⾏

[root@docker001 ~]# docker exec c0 ifconfig

OCI runtime exec failed: exec failed: unable to

start container process: exec: "ifconfig":

executable file not found in $PATH: unknown

[root@docker001 ~]# docker exec c0 ls /

bin

dev

etc

home

lib

lib64

lost+found

media

mnt

opt

proc

root

run

sbin

srvsys

tmp

usr

var

容器的ip地址不稳定 link

--link 容器名:别名

[root@docker001 ~]# docker run -it --name c0

centos:nginx /bin/bash

[root@20f05670b7df /]# [root@docker001 ~]#

[root@docker001 ~]# docker run -it --link

c0:mysqldb --name c1 centos:nginx /bin/bash

[root@ba46c0e4055d /]# ping mysqldb

PING mysqldb (172.17.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.2): icmp_seq=1

ttl=64 time=0.057 ms

64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.2): icmp_seq=2

ttl=64 time=0.044 ms

64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.2): icmp_seq=3

ttl=64 time=0.039 ms^C

--- mysqldb ping statistics ---

3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss,

time 2002ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.039/0.046/0.057/0.010 ms

测试

# 暂停服务

[root@docker001 ~]# docker stop c0 c1

c0

c1

# 先启动主动依赖容器

[root@docker001 ~]# docker start c1

# ⽆法启动，提示被link的容器没有启动

Error response from daemon: Cannot link to a non

running container: /c0 AS /c1/mysqldb

Error: failed to start containers: c1

[root@docker001 ~]# docker start c1

Error response from daemon: Cannot link to a non

running container: /c0 AS /c1/mysqldb

Error: failed to start containers: c1

# 先启动被依赖的容器

[root@docker001 ~]# docker start c0

c0# 在启动主动依赖的容器

[root@docker001 ~]# docker start c1

c1

[root@docker001 ~]#

测试 使⽤⼀个容器占⽤172.17.0.2，测试

# 停⽤容器

[root@docker001 ~]# docker stop c0 c1

c0

c1

# 创建新容器 占⽤172.17.02

[root@docker001 ~]# docker run -it --name c2

centos:nginx /bin/bash

[root@2114e0e97441 /]# [root@docker001 ~]#

# 启动 c0 c1

[root@docker001 ~]# docker start c0 c1

c0

c1

# 在c1容器ping别名

[root@docker001 ~]# docker exec c1 ping mysqldb

PING mysqldb (172.17.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.3): icmp_seq=1

ttl=64 time=0.157 ms

64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.3): icmp_seq=2

ttl=64 time=0.037 ms

64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.3): icmp_seq=3

ttl=64 time=0.056 ms

^C

[root@docker001 ~]#

每次启动都修改了/ets/hosts⽂件

[root@docker001 ~]# docker exec c1 cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost

::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback

fe00::0 ip6-localnet

ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix

ff02::1 ip6-allnodes

ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

172.17.0.3 mysqldb 20f05670b7df c0

172.17.0.4 ba46c0e4055d

1.docker容器的ip地址是不固定，如果要作为服务器使⽤，就必须能

够直接访问服务，不能直接使⽤ip，为容器设置域名，做端⼝映射也

能保证，确定是⼀旦停⽤之后端⼝被占⽤，就⽆法再次启动了2.docker run --link. 容器的名称或者是id:⾃定义域名

3.被link容器必须处于启动状态，否则当前容器⽆法启动

1. docker client向dcoker daemon 发送创建容器的请求 docker

run

2. docker daemon查找有⽆客户端需要的镜像

3. 如果没有，就到容器的镜像仓库下载需要的镜像 pull

4. 拿到容器镜像后，启动容器1.在docker daemo初始状态（没有镜像的时候） /var/lib/docker不

存在

2.当docker daemon服务器启动，会⾃动创建dock⽬录

3.在没有镜像的情况下。查看overlay2这个⽬录是只有两个⽂件，

管道⽂件 ，l⽬录（管理镜像和容器的软连接的⽬录）

4.当我们pull⼀个镜像之后 /va r/lib/docker/overlay2下就有⼀个新

的⽬录，这个⽬录就是cenonos的基础⽬录，这个新的⽬录就是镜

像，就是不可读的层5.当我们使⽤这个镜像创建⼀个容器，在overlay2会添加2个⽬录，

⼀个是init⽬录，另外⼀个⽬录就是容器的可写层，⽤户对系统的修

改都在可写层中进⾏

1.进程⽬录

2.sys⽬录是内核⽂件保存位置，不允许修改

3.排除以上2个⽬录，并且将⽤户设置为数字

[root@docker001 sys]# tar --numeric-owner --

exclude=/proc --exclude=/sys -cvf centos7.tar /

4.将项⽬移动到dockerserver主机上

5.查看tar包[root@docker001 ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg centos7.tar centos_java17 frp

initserver.sh jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

5.加载镜像

[root@docker001 ~]# docker import -m "说明0"

centos7.tar me:me00

6.查看镜像[root@docker001 ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED

SIZE

me me00 64abc01ff8c4 3 minutes

ago 2.55GB

centos nginx 12fea1b890de 24 hours

ago 366MB

centos java17 b6bf774de7bb 24 hours

ago 550MB

centos_httpd v0 fffc96d791d5 2 days ago

309MB

centos_yum v0 191d9c84f461 2 days ago

260MB

mysql latest a82a8f162e18 4 weeks

ago 586MB

centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 2 years

ago 231MB

7.创建容器[root@docker001 ~]# docker run -it --name c00

me:me00 /bin/bash

[root@4199382c490f /]# ls

bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp

var

boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr

[root@4199382c490f /]#

1.根据基础镜像创建容器

docker run -it --name c0 centos_yum:v0 /bin/bash

2.安装应⽤

yum -y install httpd

3.ctrl p q

4.docker commit

[root@docker001 ~]# docker commit --help

Usage: docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

[REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

Create a new image from a container's changes

Aliases:

docker container commit, docker commit

Options:

-a, --author string Author (e.g., "John

Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>") -c, --change list Apply Dockerfile

instruction to the created image

-m, --message string Commit message

-p, --pause Pause container during

commit (default true)

[root@docker001 ~]# docker commit c0 centos:httpd

sha256:bbf5ed97db84f87ec8cbc8e82297fe22f79ad437d60

3f743840c0b7b62be4196

[root@docker001 ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED

SIZE

centos httpd bbf5ed97db84 3 minutes

ago 340MB

me me00 64abc01ff8c4 29 minutes

ago 2.55GB

centos nginx 12fea1b890de 24 hours

ago 366MB

centos java17 b6bf774de7bb 25 hours

ago 550MB

centos_httpd v0 fffc96d791d5 2 days ago

309MB

centos_yum v0 191d9c84f461 2 days ago

260MB

mysql latest a82a8f162e18 4 weeks

ago 586MBcentos latest 5d0da3dc9764 2 years

ago 231MB