Android Studio使用XML配置选项菜单选择事件发生的空指针异常

这个问题困扰我差不多四个小时，就是因为我很习惯性地在Activity中使用findViewById方法实例化对象导致调用onOptionsItemSelected方法时候一直产生空指针异java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke interface method 'int  android.view.MenuItem.getItemId()' on a null object reference，当我点击选项菜单中的选项时候App运行直接闪退；

 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {

    return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}

原来的代码如下

public class Menu_definedByXml extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView tex_word;
    private TextView tv_menu;
    private MenuItem menu_first;
    private MenuItem menu_second;
    private MenuItem menu_third;

    @SuppressLint("MissingInflatedId")
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        EdgeToEdge.enable(this);
        setContentView(R.layout.menu_defined_by_xml);
        ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener(findViewById(R.id.main), (v, insets) -> {
            Insets systemBars = insets.getInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.systemBars());
            v.setPadding(systemBars.left, systemBars.top, systemBars.right, systemBars.bottom);
            return insets;
        });

        tex_word = findViewById(R.id.test_word);
        menu_first = findViewById(R.id.menu_first);
        menu_second =findViewById(R.id.menu_second);
        menu_third = findViewById(R.id.menu_third);
    }


    /**
     * 创建选择菜单
     * @param menu The options menu in which you place your items.
     *
     * @return true
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        MenuInflater inflater = new MenuInflater(this);
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.main,menu);
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

    /**
     * 绑定自定义菜单选择事件
     * @param item The menu item that was selected.
     *
     * @return ture
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
        int itemId = item.getItemId();
        if (itemId==menu_first.getItemId()){
            Toast.makeText(this,"设置字体大小",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        if (itemId==menu_second.getItemId()){
            Toast.makeText(this,"选择了菜单选项",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        if (itemId==menu_third.getItemId()){
            Toast.makeText(this,"设置字体颜色",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

我将在Activity使用findViewById（）方法实例化的对象删除并且修改了onOptionsItemSelected（）方法中的条件就可以正常运行了

最后的代码如下：

public class Menu_definedByXml extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView tex_word;
    private TextView tv_menu;

    @SuppressLint("MissingInflatedId")
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        EdgeToEdge.enable(this);
        setContentView(R.layout.menu_defined_by_xml);
        ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener(findViewById(R.id.main), (v, insets) -> {
            Insets systemBars = insets.getInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.systemBars());
            v.setPadding(systemBars.left, systemBars.top, systemBars.right, systemBars.bottom);
            return insets;
        });

        tex_word = findViewById(R.id.test_word);
    }


    /**
     * 创建选择菜单
     * @param menu The options menu in which you place your items.
     *
     * @return true
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        MenuInflater inflater = new MenuInflater(this);
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.main,menu);
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

    /**
     * 绑定自定义菜单选择事件
     * @param item The menu item that was selected.
     *
     * @return ture
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
        int itemId = item.getItemId();
        if (itemId==R.id.menu_first){
            Toast.makeText(this,"设置字体大小",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        if (itemId==R.id.menu_second){
            Toast.makeText(this,"选择了菜单选项",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        if (itemId==R.id.menu_third){
            Toast.makeText(this,"设置字体颜色",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

之后运行就正常了