BGP实验

实验要求如下：

1、拓扑设计，IP地址配置

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24

[r2]int g0/0/0 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.1 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 24

[r3]int g0/0/0   
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 23.1.1.2 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]in g0/0/1  
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 34.1.1.1 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 24

[r4]interface g0/0/0  
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1   
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 45.1.1.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 54.1.1.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24

[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 45.1.1.2 24
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 54.1.1.2 24
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 24

2、在r2、r3、r4上配置OSPF

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.1 0.0.0.0

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 
[r3-ospf-1]area 0 
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.1.1.1 0.0.0.0

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0

3、BGP配置

1）AS1和AS2，AS2和AS3之间建立EBGP邻居关系

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1  
[r1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2

[r2]bgp 2
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2 
[r2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1

[r4]ip route-static 5.5.5.5 24 45.1.1.2
[r4]ip route-static 5.5.5.5 24 54.1.1.2 
[r4]bgp 2       
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 3   
[r4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r5]ip route-static 4.4.4.0 24 45.1.1.1
[r5]ip route-static 4.4.4.0 24 54.1.1.1    
[r5]bgp 3
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5 
[r5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2  
[r5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0

2）修改r4-r5的ttl值

[r4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
 

3）在AS2的两个边界路由器之间建立一个IBGP

[r2]bgp 2
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2  
[r2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2 
[r2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r4]bgp 2
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 2  
[r4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0

因为r4从r2学习到r1的环回不是最优，所以在r2上修改 在去r4时把下一跳信息改为自己

[r2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local

4、宣告路由

[r1-bgp]network 1.1.1.0 24
[r2-bgp]network 2.2.2.0 24
[r3-bgp]network 3.3.3.0 24
[r4-bgp]network 4.4.4.0 24
[r5-bgp]network 5.5.5.5 24

注意：BGP可以在没有运行BGP协议的路由器传递，但是数据层面无法通过，最终会导致BGP的路由黑洞

解决方法：对r3的邻居关系全连

[r2]bgp 2    
[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 2
[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local

[r3]bgp 2
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3    
[r3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 2 
[r3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0