基于javaweb的考试系统(java+jsp+bootstrap+servlet+mysql)

基于javaweb的考试系统(java+jsp+bootstrap+servlet+mysql)

运行环境

Java≥8、MySQL≥5.7、Tomcat≥8

开发工具

eclipse/idea/myeclipse/sts等均可配置运行

适用

课程设计,大作业,毕业设计,项目练习,学习演示等

功能说明

20220819205956

20220819205958

20220819205959

20220819210000

20220819210001

20220819210002

基于javaweb+mysql的考试系统(java+JSP+bootstrap+Servlet+Mysql)

项目介绍

本系统分为两个角色,一个是考生,一个是管理员, 考生功能如下: 登录、选择考试科目、选择考卷、在线考试、提交试卷、并且查询自己的考试成绩

管理员功能如下: 登录、添加试卷、并且添加试卷里的题目、编辑科目、还可以查询所有考生的成绩

环境需要

1.运行环境:最好是java jdk 1.8,我们在这个平台上运行的。其他版本理论上也可以。 2.IDE环境:IDEA,Eclipse,Myeclipse都可以。推荐IDEA; 3.tomcat环境:Tomcat 7.x,8.x,9.x版本均可 4.硬件环境:windows 7/8/10 1G内存以上;或者 Mac OS;  5.数据库:MySql 5.7版本; 6.是否Maven项目: 否;查看源码目录中是否包含pom.xml;若包含,则为maven项目,否则为非maven项目

技术栈

  1. 后端:servlet 2. 前端:JSP+bootstrap+jQuery

使用说明

  1. 使用Navicat或者其它工具,在mysql中创建对应名称的数据库,并导入项目的sql文件; 2. 使用IDEA/Eclipse/MyEclipse导入项目,Eclipse/MyEclipse导入时,若为maven项目请选择maven; 若为maven项目,导入成功后请执行maven clean;maven install命令,然后运行; 3. 将项目中db.properties配置文件中的数据库配置改为自己的配置; 4. 运行项目,在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/ 登录

学生管理控制层:

@Controller

@SuppressWarnings(“all”)

public class StudentInfoHandler {

@Autowired

private StudentInfoService studentInfoService;

@Autowired

private ClassInfoService classInfoService;

@Autowired

private ExamSubjectMiddleInfoService examSubjectMiddleInfoService;

@Autowired

private ExamHistoryPaperService examHistoryPaperService;

@Autowired

private ExamChooseInfoService examChooseInfoService;

@Autowired

private ExamSubjectMiddleInfo esm;

@Autowired

private ClassInfo classInfo;

@Autowired

private ExamPaperInfo examPaper;

@Autowired

private GradeInfo grade;

@Autowired

private StudentInfo student;

@Autowired

private ExamPaperInfoService examPaperInfoService;

private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(StudentInfoHandler.class);

/**

  • 获取学生集合

  • @param studentId 学生编号

  • @param classId 班级编号

  • @param gradeId 系部编号

  • @param startPage 起始页 default=1

  • @param pageShow 页容量 default=10

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(“/students”)

public ModelAndView getCourses(@RequestParam(value = “studentId”, required = false) Integer studentId,

@RequestParam(value = “classId”, required = false) Integer classId,

@RequestParam(value = “gradeId”, required = false) Integer gradeId,

@RequestParam(value=“startPage”, required=false, defaultValue=“1”) Integer startPage,

@RequestParam(value=“pageShow”, required=false, defaultValue=“10”) Integer pageShow ) {

logger.info(“获取学生集合 classId=”+classId+“, gradeId=”+gradeId+“, startPage=”+startPage+“, pageShow=”+pageShow);

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

model.setViewName(“/admin/student/students”);

//查询条件处理

StudentInfo student = new StudentInfo();

if (studentId != null)

student.setStudentId(studentId);

if (classId != null) {

classInfo.setClassId(classId);

student.setClassInfo(classInfo);

if (gradeId != null) {

grade.setGradeId(gradeId);

student.setGrade(grade);

Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

//计算当前查询起始数据索引

int startIndex = (startPage-1) * pageShow;

map.put(“student”, student);

map.put(“startIndex”, startIndex);

map.put(“pageShow”, pageShow);

List students = studentInfoService.getStudents(map);

model.addObject(“students”, students);

//获取学生总量

int studentTotal = studentInfoService.getStudentTotal();

//计算总页数

int pageTotal = 1;

if (studentTotal % pageShow == 0)

pageTotal = studentTotal / pageShow;

else

pageTotal = studentTotal / pageShow + 1;

model.addObject(“pageTotal”, pageTotal);

model.addObject(“pageNow”, startPage);

return model;

/**

  • 根据编号获取学生信息

  • @param studentId

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(“/student/{studentId}”)

public ModelAndView getCourseById(@PathVariable(“studentId”) Integer studentId) {

logger.info("获取学生 " + studentId);

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

model.setViewName(“/admin/student/studentedit”);

StudentInfo student = studentInfoService.getStudentById(studentId);

model.addObject(“student”, student);

List classes = classInfoService.getClasses(null);

model.addObject(“classes”, classes);

return model;

/**

  • 添加/修改学生信息

  • @param studentId

  • @param isUpdate 操作标识

  • @param studentName

  • @param studentAccount

  • @param studentPwd

  • @param classId

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(value = “/student/student”, method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String isUpdateOrAddCourse(

@RequestParam(value = “studentId”, required = false) Integer studentId,

@RequestParam(value = “isupdate”, required = false) Integer isUpdate,

@RequestParam(value = “studentName”, required = false) String studentName,

@RequestParam(“studentAccount”) String studentAccount,

@RequestParam(“studentPwd”) String studentPwd,

@RequestParam(“classId”) Integer classId) {

StudentInfo student = new StudentInfo();

student.setStudentId(studentId);

student.setStudentName(studentName);

student.setStudentAccount(studentAccount);

student.setStudentPwd(studentPwd);

classInfo.setClassId(classId);

student.setClassInfo(classInfo);

if (isUpdate != null) {

logger.info(“修改学生 " + student + " 的信息”);

int row = studentInfoService.isUpdateStudent(student);

} else {

logger.info(“添加学生 " + student + " 的信息”);

int row = studentInfoService.isAddStudent(student);

return “redirect:/students”;

/**

  • 删除学生

  • @param studentId

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(value = “/student/{studentId}”, method = RequestMethod.DELETE)

public String isDelTeacher(@PathVariable(“studentId”) Integer studentId) {

logger.info("删除学生 " + studentId);

int row = studentInfoService.isDelStudent(studentId);

return “redirect:/students”;

/**

  • 预添加学生

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(“/preAddStudent”)

public ModelAndView preAddStudent() {

logger.info(“预添加学生信息”);

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

model.setViewName(“/admin/student/studentedit”);

List classes = classInfoService.getClasses(null);

model.addObject(“classes”, classes);

return model;

/**

  • 学生考试登录验证

  • 此处验证并不合理 登录验证实现如下:

  • 前台学生登录传入账户,后台根据账户获取学生密码

  • 返回学生密码,前台登录焦点离开密码框使用 JavaScript 判断

  • @param studentAccount 学生登录账户

  • @param response

  • @throws IOException

*/

@RequestMapping(“/validateLoginStudent”)

public void validateLoginStudent(@RequestParam(“studentAccount”) String studentAccount,

HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

logger.info(“学生账户 “+studentAccount+”,尝试登录考试”);

//获取需要登录的学生对象

StudentInfo student = studentInfoService.getStudentByAccountAndPwd(studentAccount);

if (student == null) {

logger.error(“登录学生账户 “+studentAccount+” 不存在”);

response.getWriter().print(“n”);

} else {

logger.error(“登录学生账户 “+studentAccount+” 存在”);

response.getWriter().print(student.getStudentPwd());

/**

  • 学生登录考试

  • @param student 登录学生

  • @param request

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(value=“/studentLogin”, method=RequestMethod.POST)

public ModelAndView studentLogin(StudentInfo student, HttpServletRequest request) {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

StudentInfo loginStudent = studentInfoService.getStudentByAccountAndPwd(student.getStudentAccount());

logger.info(“学生 “+loginStudent+” 有效登录”);

if(loginStudent == null || !student.getStudentPwd().equals(loginStudent.getStudentPwd())){

model.setViewName(“reception/suc”);

model.addObject(“success”, “密码错误”);

return model;

request.getSession().setAttribute(“loginStudent”, loginStudent);

model.setViewName(“reception/suc”);

model.addObject(“success”, “登录成功”);

return model;

/**

  • 退出登录

  • @param session

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(“/exit”)

public String studentClearLogin(HttpSession session) {

StudentInfo studnet = (StudentInfo) session.getAttribute(“loginStudent”);

logger.info(“学生 “+studnet.getStudentName()+”, 编号 “+studnet.getStudentId()+” 退出登录”);

session.removeAttribute(“loginStudent”);

return “redirect:index.jsp”;

/**

  • 学生注册 验证当前账户是否被占用

  • @param studentAccount 注册账户

  • @param response

  • @throws IOException

*/

@RequestMapping(“/validateAccount”)

public void validateRegisterAccount(@RequestParam(“studentAccount”) String studentAccount,

HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

logger.info(“验证学生账户 “+studentAccount+”,是否已被注册”);

StudentInfo student = studentInfoService.getStudentByAccountAndPwd(studentAccount);

if (student == null) {

logger.error(“注册学生账户 “+studentAccount+” 可以注册”);

response.getWriter().print(“t”);

} else {

logger.error(“注册学生账户 “+studentAccount+” 已被注册”);

response.getWriter().print(“f”);

/**

  • 学生注册

  • @param studentName

  • @param studentAccount

  • @param studentPwd

  • @param classId

  • @param response

  • @throws IOException

*/

@RequestMapping(value=“/studentReg”, method=RequestMethod.POST)

public void studentRegister(

@RequestParam(“name”) String studentName,

@RequestParam(“account”) String studentAccount,

@RequestParam(“pwd”) String studentPwd,

@RequestParam(“classId”) Integer classId,

HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

student.setStudentName(studentName);

student.setStudentAccount(studentAccount);

student.setStudentPwd(studentPwd);

classInfo.setClassId(classId);

student.setClassInfo(classInfo);

logger.info("学生注册 "+student);

int row = studentInfoService.isAddStudent(student);

response.getWriter().print(“t”);

/**

  • 预注册

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(“/preStudentReg”)

public ModelAndView preStudentReg() {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

model.setViewName(“reception/register”);

model.addObject(“classs”, classInfoService.getClasses(null));

return model;

/**

  • 学生进入考试

  • @param classId 班级编号

  • @param examPaperId 试卷编号

  • @param studentId 考生编号

  • @param examTime 考试时间

  • @param beginTime 考试开始时间

  • @param gradeId 系部编号

  • @param session

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(“/begin”)

public ModelAndView beginExam(

@RequestParam(“classId”) Integer classId,

@RequestParam(“examPaperId”) Integer examPaperId,

@RequestParam(value=“studentId”, required=false) Integer studentId,

@RequestParam(“examTime”) Integer examTime,

@RequestParam(“beginTime”) String beginTime,

@RequestParam(“gradeId”) Integer gradeId,

HttpSession session) {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

/*

  • 查询该考试当前进入的试卷是否已经在历史记录中存在

  • 如果存在,则不能再次进入考试; 反之进入考试

*/

Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

map.put(“studentId”, studentId);

map.put(“examPaperId”, examPaperId);

int count = examHistoryPaperService.getHistoryInfoWithIds(map);

if(session.getAttribute(“loginStudent”) == null) {

model.addObject(“error”, “请先登录后再操作”);

model.setViewName(“error”);

return model;

} else if (count >= 1) {

model.addObject(“error”, “不能重复考试”);

model.setViewName(“error”);

return model;

} else {

logger.info("学生 “+studentId+” 进入考试 班级 “+classId+” 试卷 "+examPaperId);

model.setViewName(“/reception/exam”);

ExamPaperInfo examPaper = new ExamPaperInfo();

examPaper.setExamPaperId(examPaperId);

esm.setExamPaper(examPaper);

//获取试卷 试题集合

List esms = examSubjectMiddleInfoService.getExamPaperWithSubject(esm);

logger.info("考试试题总量 "+esms.size());

//获取当前考生在当前试卷中已选答案记录

Map<String, Object> choosedMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();

choosedMap.put(“studentId”, studentId);

choosedMap.put(“examPaperId”, examPaperId);

List chooses = examChooseInfoService.getChooseInfoWithSumScore(choosedMap);

if (chooses == null || chooses.size() == 0) {

model.addObject(“chooses”, null);

} else {

model.addObject(“chooses”, chooses);

model.addObject(“esms”, esms);

model.addObject(“sumSubject”, esms.size());

model.addObject(“examPaperId”, examPaperId);

model.addObject(“examTime”, examTime);

model.addObject(“beginTime”, beginTime);

model.addObject(“classId”, classId);

model.addObject(“gradeId”, gradeId);

return model;

/**

  • 获取学生历史考试记录

  • @param studentId 学生编号

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(“/history/{studentId}”)

public ModelAndView getExamHistoryInfo(@PathVariable(“studentId”) Integer studentId) {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

if (studentId == null) {

logger.error(“学生编号 为空”);

model.setViewName(“error”);

return model;

logger.info(“学生 “+studentId+” 获取考试历史记录”);

//获取历史考试信息记录集合

List ehps = examHistoryPaperService.getExamHistoryToStudent(studentId);

model.addObject(“ehps”, ehps);

model.setViewName(“/reception/examHistory”);

return model;

/**

  • 考生提交考试

  • @param studentId

  • @param examPaperId

  • @param classId

  • @param gradeId

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(value=“/submit”, method={RequestMethod.POST, RequestMethod.GET})

public String examSubmit(

@RequestParam(“studentId”) Integer studentId,

@RequestParam(“examPaperId”) Integer examPaperId,

@RequestParam(“classId”) Integer classId,

@RequestParam(“gradeId”) Integer gradeId) {

logger.info("学生 “+studentId+” 提交了试卷 "+examPaperId);

//获取当前学生当前试卷所选择的全部答案

Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

map.put(“studentId”, studentId);

map.put(“examPaperId”, examPaperId);

List chooses = examChooseInfoService.getChooseInfoWithSumScore(map);

logger.info(“学生 “+studentId+” 共选择了 “+chooses.size()+” 道题”);

//总分记录

int sumScore = 0;

for (ExamChooseInfo choose : chooses) {

SubjectInfo subject = choose.getSubject();

String chooseResult = choose.getChooseResult();

String rightResult = subject.getRightResult();

if (chooseResult.equals(rightResult)) { //答案正确

sumScore += subject.getSubjectScore();

logger.info("学生 “+studentId+” 第 “+subject.getSubjectId()+” 选择正确答案 “+chooseResult+” 当前总分 "+sumScore);

} else {

logger.info("学生 “+studentId+” 第 “+subject.getSubjectId()+” 答案选择错误 “+chooseResult+” 正确答案为 “+rightResult+” 当前总分 "+sumScore);

/*

  • 首先判断当前记录是否已经添加过

  • 防止当前学生点击提交后,系统倒计时再次进行提交

*/

int count = examHistoryPaperService.getHistoryInfoWithIds(map);

if (count == 0) {

//添加到历史记录

map.put(“examScore”, sumScore);

int row = examHistoryPaperService.isAddExamHistory(map);

logger.info(“学生 “+studentId+” 提交的试卷 “+examPaperId+” 已成功处理,并添加到历史记录中”);

return “redirect:willexams?gradeId=”+gradeId+“&classId=”+classId+“&studentId=”+studentId;

/**

  • 学生回顾试卷 – 后台教师查看也调用此方法

  • @param studentId

  • @param examPaperId

  • @param score

  • @param examPaperName

  • @param studentName 后台教师查看需传入学生姓名

  • @return

  • @throws UnsupportedEncodingException

*/

@RequestMapping(“/review”)

public ModelAndView reViewExam(

@RequestParam(“studentId”) Integer studentId,

@RequestParam(“examPaperId”) Integer examPaperId,

@RequestParam(“score”) Integer score,

@RequestParam(“examPaperName”) String examPaperName,

@RequestParam(value=“studentName”, required=false) String studentName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

if (studentId == null) {

model.addObject(“error”, “请先登录后再操作”);

model.setViewName(“error”);

return model;

} else {

//获取当前试卷的试题集合 – 前台判断需要

examPaper.setExamPaperId(examPaperId);

esm.setExamPaper(examPaper);

List esms = examSubjectMiddleInfoService.getExamPaperWithSubject(esm);

Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

map.put(“studentId”, studentId);

map.put(“examPaperId”, examPaperId);

//获取当前回顾试卷 试题、选择答案 信息

List reviews = examChooseInfoService.getChooseInfoWithExamSubject(map);

logger.info("学生 “+studentId+” 回顾试卷 “+examPaperId+” 试题数量 "+reviews.size());

//设置试卷名称、试卷总分

model.addObject(“examPaperName”, examPaperName);

model.addObject(“score”, score);

model.setViewName(“reception/review”);

model.addObject(“views”, reviews);

model.addObject(“esms”, esms);

if (studentName != null) model.addObject(“studentName”, studentName);

model.addObject(“ExamedPaper”, examPaperInfoService.getExamPaper(examPaperId));

return model;

/**

  • 学生查看自己信息

  • @param studentId

  • @return

*/

@RequestMapping(“/self/{studentId}”)

public ModelAndView selfInfo(@PathVariable(“studentId”) Integer studentId) {

StudentInfo stu = studentInfoService.getStudentById(studentId);

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

model.setViewName(“/reception/self”);

model.addObject(“self”, stu);

return model;

/**

  • 学生修改密码

  • @param pwd

  • @param studentId

  • @param response

  • @throws IOException

*/

@RequestMapping(“/reset/{pwd}/{studentId}”)

public void isResetPwd(

@PathVariable(“pwd”) String pwd,

@PathVariable(“studentId”) Integer studentId,

HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

logger.info(“学生 “+studentId+” 修改密码”);

student.setStudentId(studentId);

student.setStudentPwd(pwd);

int row = studentInfoService.isResetPwdWithStu(student);

if (row > 0) {

response.getWriter().print(“t”);

} else {

response.getWriter().print(“f”);

管理员控制层:

@Controller

public class AdminHomeHandler {

@Autowired

ExamPaperInfoService examPaperInfoService;

@Autowired

SubjectInfoService subjectInfoService;

@Autowired

TeacherInfoService teacherInfoService;

@Autowired

StudentInfoService studentInfoService;

@Autowired

Gson gson;

private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(AdminHomeHandler.class);

@RequestMapping(“/homeInfo”)

public void homeInfo(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

logger.info(“加载后台首页相关数据”);

int examPaperTotal = examPaperInfoService.getExamPpaerTotal();

int subjectTotal = subjectInfoService.getSubjectTotal();

int teacherTotal = teacherInfoService.getTeacherTotal();

int studentTotal = studentInfoService.getStudentTotal();

String json = “{“examPaperTotal”:” + examPaperTotal + ", " + ““subjectTotal”:” + subjectTotal + ", "

  • ““teacherTotal”:” + teacherTotal + ", " + ““studentTotal”:” + studentTotal + “}”;

response.getWriter().print(json);

试卷试题答案选择管理控制层:

@Controller

public class ExamChooseInfoHandler {

@Autowired

private ExamChooseInfoService examChooseInfoService;

@Autowired

private ExamChooseInfo examChoose;

private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ExamChooseInfoHandler.class);

/**

  • 记录考生考试选择答案

  • @param studentId

  •        考生编号
    
  • @param examPaperId

  •        考试试卷编号
    
  • @param subjectId

  •        当前选择试题编号
    
  • @param index

  •        前台控制索引
    
  • @param chooseAswer

  •        选择答案
    
  • @param response

  • @throws IOException

*/

@RequestMapping(value = “/choose”, method = RequestMethod.POST)

public void examChooseHandler(@RequestParam(“studentId”) Integer studentId,

@RequestParam(“examPaperId”) Integer examPaperId, @RequestParam(“subjectId”) Integer subjectId,

@RequestParam(value = “index”, required = false) Integer index,

@RequestParam(“chooseAswer”) String chooseAswer, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

logger.info("考生 " + studentId + " 在试卷 " + examPaperId + " 中试题 " + subjectId + " 选择了答案 " + chooseAswer + " 序号 "

  • index);

// 判断该考生是否已经选择过该试题

Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

map.put(“studentId”, studentId);

map.put(“examPaperId”, examPaperId);

map.put(“subjectId”, subjectId);

examChoose = examChooseInfoService.getChooseWithIds(map);

logger.info(“考生是否选择过试题 " + subjectId + " " + examChoose + " (NULL-否)”);

if (examChoose == null) {

logger.info("考生 " + studentId + " 尚未选择试题 " + subjectId + " 添加选择记录 答案 " + chooseAswer);

map.put(“chooseResult”, chooseAswer);

/** 添加选择记录 */

examChooseInfoService.addChoose(map);

} else if (examChoose.getChooseId() != null && examChoose != null) {

logger.info("考生 " + studentId + " 已经选择试题 " + subjectId + " 修改选择记录 答案 " + examChoose.getChooseResult()

  • " 更新为 " + chooseAswer);

/*

  • 如果选择了和上次相同的答案,则不做修改操作 优化 – 前台判断选择了相同答案则不发出请求

*/

if (!chooseAswer.equals(examChoose.getChooseResult())) {

examChoose.setChooseResult(chooseAswer);

/** 当前选择答案和之前选择答案不同 修改答案记录 */

examChooseInfoService.updateChooseWithIds(examChoose);

} else {

logger.info(“考生选择了相同答案,不做修改操作”);

} else {

response.getWriter().print(“f”);

return;

response.getWriter().print(“t”);


  • 0
    点赞
  • 2
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
一、项目简介本课程演示的是一套基于SSM实现的在线考试系统,主要针对计算机相关专业的正在做毕设的学生与需要项目实战练习的Java学习者。课程包含:1. 项目源码、项目文档、数据库脚本、软件工具等所有资料2. 带你从零开始部署运行本套系统3. 该项目附带的源码资料可作为毕设使用4. 提供技术答疑二、技术实现后台框架:Spring、SpringMVC、MyBatisUI界面:JSP、jQuery 、BootStrap数据库:MySQL 三、系统功能该在线考试系统基于B/S架构,采用SSM框架,运用JSP网页开发技术,并结合MySQL数据库,搭建一个高效、便捷的网络考试平台。 ​本系统分为前台考试模块和后台管理模块,包含学生、教师和管理员共三个角色,功能如下: 1.前台考试模块 学生注册、学生登陆、考试中心、参加考试、查看考试成绩、查看历史考卷、查看个人信息等功能。 2.后台管理模块 系统后台登陆、学生管理、教师管理、班级管理、年级管理、科目管理、试题管理、添加试题、导入试题、试卷管理、生成试卷、考试安排管理、添加考试计划、查看以往考试信息、考试成绩统计等功能。 教师主要完成试卷管理、试题管理、考试计划管理等一些与考试相关的操作;管理员具有最高权限,可以管理学生、老师、试题、题库、考试等信息,同时也可以与老师一样进行考试相关的操作。 该系统功能完善、界面美观、操作简单、功能齐全、管理便捷,具有很高的实际应用价值。 四、项目截图1)前台首面 2)历史试卷回顾 3)系统后台管理 4)试卷管理 5)试题管理  更多Java毕设项目请关注【毕设系列课程】https://edu.csdn.net/lecturer/2104   
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值