学生本地数据管理程序-Java小练习

记录学了两个月Java的小练习，可供大家借鉴和改进，代码如下：

MainMenu,java

package com.itheima;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

class IfIllegal {
    //用于判断密码合理性
    public boolean isAdminIllegal(String username) {
        String regex = "[A]+(\\.*[0-9]){5}$";
        boolean b = username.matches(regex);
        return b;
    }

    public boolean isPasswordIllegal(String password) {
        String regex = "\\w+(\\.*\\w){5,18}$";//与"[a-zA-Z0-9]{6,18}$"等效
        boolean b = password.matches(regex);
        return b;
    }
}//正则表达式

class Grade {
    public String toRank(double score) {
        String str;
        double grade=score/5;

        if (grade > 100 || grade < 0) {
            str = "ERROR";
        } else {
            switch ((int) grade/10) {
                case 10:
                case 9:
                    str = "优秀";
                    break;
                case 8:
                    str = "良好";
                    break;
                case 7:
                case 6:
                    str = "合格";
                    break;
                default:
                    str = "不合格";
            }
        }
        return str;
    }
}

public class MainMenu {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        char choice;
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);


        while (true) {
            System.out.println("=========欢迎来到学生成绩管理系统=========");
            System.out.println("=               1.注册                 =");
            System.out.println("=                                      =");
            System.out.println("=               2.登录                 =");
            System.out.println("=                                      =");
            System.out.println("=               0.Exit                 =");
            System.out.println("========================================");

            System.out.println();

            System.out.print("请选择:");
            choice = scanner.next().charAt(0);

            switch (choice) {
                case '1':
                    Register();
                    break;

                case '2':
                    Login();
                    break;

                case '0':
                    System.out.println("已退出");
                    return;

                default:
                    System.out.println("输入错误");
            }
        }
    }

    //注册模块
    private static void Register() throws IOException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File admin = new File("D:\\Java Report\\admin.txt");
        Admin adm = new Admin();
        IfIllegal compare = new IfIllegal();
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];//分配1kb的字节空间,用于写入文本
//        String adminusername, password;

        if (admin.getParentFile().exists() == false) {
            admin.getParentFile().mkdir();
            System.out.println("文件路径创建成功");
        }//建立管理员文件路径
        if (admin.exists() == false) {
            admin.createNewFile();
            System.out.println("用户配置文件创建成功");
        }//建立管理员文件

        //文件建立完创建流
        FileInputStream filein1 = new FileInputStream(admin);//文件读取流，用于键值对读取文件

        FileOutputStream fileout1 = new FileOutputStream(admin, true);
        //以后也可以添加账户

        Properties properties = new Properties();//创建字符串键值对，保存用户名-密码
        properties.load(filein1);//读取admin文件的键值对

        /*账户写入部分*/
        System.out.print("请输入用户名(A+五个数字组成):");
        adm.setAdminusername(scanner.next());

        if (!compare.isAdminIllegal(adm.getAdminusername())) {
            System.out.println("您输入的用户名不合法，请重新输入！");
            return;
        } else {
            Enumeration enumeration = properties.propertyNames();
            while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
                if (adm.getAdminusername().equals((String) enumeration.nextElement())) {
                    System.out.println("账号已存在，请勿重复注册！");
                    return;
                }//判断账户存在合理性
            }
        }

        System.out.print("请输入密码(6-18位组成):");
        adm.setPassword(scanner.next());

        if (!compare.isPasswordIllegal(adm.getPassword())) {
            System.out.println("您输入的密码不合法，请重新输入！");
            return;
        } else {

            properties.setProperty(adm.getAdminusername(), adm.getPassword());

            String adname = properties.getProperty(adm.getAdminusername());//键-adname 用于遍历是否存在账号

            b = (adm.getAdminusername() + " " + adm.getPassword() + "\n").getBytes();//这里的username用于匹配键值对的username
            //获取输入用户名以及提示讯息的字节长度
            //用户名和密码全部确认完毕后再写入
            System.out.println("账户写入成功！");
            System.out.println("密码录入成功！");

            fileout1.write(b);//将b中的所有文本保存到admin文件内
            fileout1.flush();

            //关闭文件输入输出流
            fileout1.close();
            filein1.close();


            System.out.println("账号已注册！");
        }
    }

    //登录模块
    private static void Login() throws IOException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        boolean status = false;//登录状态
        char choice;

        while (true) {
            System.out.println("=========欢迎来到学生成绩管理系统=========");
            System.out.println("=               1.管理员登录            =");
            System.out.println("=                                      =");
            System.out.println("=               2.学生查询              =");
            System.out.println("=                                      =");
            System.out.println("=               0.Exit                 =");
            System.out.println("========================================");

            System.out.println();

            System.out.print("请选择:");
            choice = scanner.next().charAt(0);

            switch (choice) {
                case '1':
                    status = AdLog();
                    if (status == true) {
                        System.out.println("==============登录成功！已经进入学生管理系统！==============");
                        StudentManageSys();//学生管理系统
                    } else
                        System.out.println("登陆失败！");
                    break;

                case '2':
                    StuCon();
                    break;

                case '0':
                    System.out.println("已返回至主菜单");
                    return;

                default:
                    System.out.println("输入错误");
            }
        }
    }

    //学生查询模块
    private static void StuCon() throws IOException {
        File students = new File("D:\\Java Report\\students.txt");
        File studentscore = new File("D:\\Java Report\\studentscore.txt");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String consult;

        if (!students.exists()) {
            System.out.println("查询失败:管理员还没有建立学生档案，请稍后再来");
            return;
        }

        System.out.print("请输入您的姓名:");
        consult = scanner.next();

        FileInputStream fileread = new FileInputStream(students);//读取学生信息文件
        FileInputStream fileread1 = new FileInputStream(studentscore);//读取学生分数文件

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        Properties properties1 = new Properties();

        properties.load(fileread);   //读取学生信息文件的键值对
        properties1.load(fileread1); //读取学生分数键值对

        Enumeration enumeration = properties.propertyNames();//遍历学生信息文件内的键值对
        Enumeration enumeration1 = properties1.propertyNames();//遍历学生分数文件的键值对

        while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {//遍历键值对的元素，如果有元素则一直遍历直到没有
            String key = (String) enumeration.nextElement();
            if (key.equals(consult)) {
                String value = properties.getProperty(key);
                System.out.println("您的学号和班级分别是:" + value);

                //同时查询学生分数，由于不在同一个问价，因此需要内部遍历
                while (enumeration1.hasMoreElements()) {
                    String key1 = (String) enumeration1.nextElement();
                    if (key1.equals(key)) {
                        String value1 = properties1.getProperty(key1);//value1是studentscore内学生姓名键的值
                        System.out.println("您的成绩是:" + value1);
                    }
                }
                System.out.println("查询成功!");
                return;
            }
        }

        System.out.println("查询失败:没有您的信息,请稍后再来");

    }

    //以下是管理员操作模块
    private static boolean AdLog() throws IOException {
        File admin = new File("D:\\Java Report\\admin.txt");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        boolean status = false; //登录状态是否正确
        String password;

        FileInputStream filein1 = new FileInputStream(admin);

        Properties properties = new Properties();//创建字符串键值对，保存用户名-密码

        properties.load(filein1);//读取admin文件的键值对

        System.out.print("请输入用户名:");
        String adname = scanner.next();//键-adname
        String pass = properties.getProperty(adname);//值-password

        System.out.print("请输入您账号的密码：");
        password = scanner.next();

        Enumeration enumeration = properties.propertyNames();
        while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {//遍历读取后的键值对
            if (adname.equals((String) enumeration.nextElement())) {
                System.out.println("已经查询到账号！");
                if (password.equals(pass)) {
                    System.out.println("登录成功！");
                    status = true;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("登陆失败:密码不匹配！");
                }
            }
        }
        return status;
    }

    /* 学生信息管理模块 */
    private static void StudentManageSys() throws IOException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        char choice;

        while (true) {
            System.out.println("=================欢迎来到简易学生管理系统==================");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("                    1.录入学生信息                       ");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("                    2.删除学生信息                       ");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("                    3.遍历学生信息                       ");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("                    4.录入学生总分                       ");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("                    5.学生总分排序                       ");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("                    0.Exit                              ");
            System.out.println("=========================================================");

            System.out.println();

            System.out.print("请选择:");
            choice = scanner.next().charAt(0);

            switch (choice) {
                case '1':
                    StudentAdd();
                    break;

                case '2':
                    StudentDel();
                    break;

                case '3':
                    StudentPrt();
                    break;

                case '4':
                    StudentSco();
                    break;

                case '5':
                    StudentSor();
                    break;

                case '0':
                    System.out.println("已返回至上级菜单");
                    return;

                default:
                    System.out.println("输入错误");
            }
        }
    }//学生管理系统主菜单

    private static void StudentAdd() throws IOException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        Student stu = new Student();
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];

        File students = new File("D:\\Java Report\\students.txt");
        if (students.exists() == false) {
            students.createNewFile();
            System.out.println("学生信息文件创建成功！");
        }

        //字节流针对students文件
        FileInputStream filein1 = new FileInputStream(students);
        FileOutputStream fileout1 = new FileOutputStream(students, true);

        Properties properties = new Properties();//用于遍历学生键值对

        properties.load(filein1);//读取students键值对

        System.out.print("请输入学生的姓名:");
        stu.setName(scanner.next());

        Enumeration enumeration = properties.propertyNames();//遍历students键，获取姓名
        while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
            if (stu.getName().equals((String) enumeration.nextElement())) {
                System.out.println("学生信息已存在，请勿重复写入！");
                return;
            }//判断合理性
        }


        System.out.print("请输入学生的学号:");
        stu.setNumber(scanner.next());
        System.out.print("请输入学生的班级(如果是新生则随机分配班级:new):");
        stu.setClassroom(scanner.next());
        if (stu.getClassroom().equals("new")) {
            int distribute = 0;
            Random random = new Random();

            distribute = random.nextInt(3);
            switch (distribute) {
                case 0:
                    stu.setClassroom("2021 1Class");
                    break;
                case 1:
                    stu.setClassroom("2021 2Class");
                    break;
                case 2:
                    stu.setClassroom("2021 3Class");
                    break;
            }
        }//随机分配班级

        //汇总写入学生信息
        b = (stu.getName() + " " + stu.getNumber() + " " + stu.getClassroom() + "\n").getBytes();
        fileout1.write(b);
        fileout1.flush();

        //输入完关闭数据流
        fileout1.close();
        filein1.close();

        System.out.println("学生信息成功登入！");
        stu.Info();

    }//信息添加

    private static void StudentDel() throws IOException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File students = new File("D:\\Java Report\\students.txt");
        File temp = new File("D:\\Java Report\\temp.txt");
        String delindex;//添加删除索引

        if (temp.createNewFile() == true) {//创建临时文件
            System.out.println("创建临时文件成功！");
        }

        System.out.print("请输入您要删除的学生的姓名:");
        delindex = scanner.next();

        FileInputStream filein1 = new FileInputStream(students);

        Properties properties = new Properties();

        properties.load(filein1);

        //删除键值对
        if (properties.containsKey(delindex)) {
            properties.remove(delindex);
        }

        //将删除后的键值对写入临时文件
        FileOutputStream fileouttem = new FileOutputStream(temp, false);
        int len;

        System.out.println("正在写入...");
        Enumeration enumeration = properties.propertyNames();
        while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
            String key = (String) enumeration.nextElement();
            String value = properties.getProperty(key);
            byte[] b = new byte[1024];
            b = (key + " " + value + "\n").getBytes();
            fileouttem.write(b);
        }
        System.out.println("写入成功！");

        //将临时文件写回student
        FileInputStream fileintem = new FileInputStream(temp);
        FileOutputStream fileout1 = new FileOutputStream(students, false);

        byte[] b = "\n".getBytes();//换行符
        while ((len = fileintem.read()) != -1) {//文件逐个读取
            fileout1.write(len); //将temp文件写入students
        }

        //关闭文件流
        filein1.close();
        fileintem.close();
        fileout1.close();
        fileouttem.close();

        temp.delete();//删除临时文件

    }//信息删除

    private static void StudentPrt() throws IOException {
        File students = new File("D:\\Java Report\\students.txt");
        FileInputStream fileread = new FileInputStream(students);

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.load(fileread); //互殴students文本内的学生信息
        System.out.println("文件读取成功！");

        Enumeration enumeration = properties.propertyNames();//获取键值对键的名字

        System.out.println("==============以下是学生信息================");
        System.out.println("学生姓名   学号\t班级");
        while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {//当键值对未遍历完成时
            String key = (String) enumeration.nextElement();
            String value = properties.getProperty(key);
            System.out.println(key + "   " + value);
        }
        System.out.println("\n学生信息读取完毕!\n");
    }//信息遍历

    private static void StudentSco() throws IOException {
        //利用students文件的键，转入studentscore文件
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File studentscore = new File("D:\\Java Report\\studentscore.txt");//学生成绩文件
        File students = new File("D:\\Java Report\\students.txt");
        StudentException stu = new StudentException();
        Grade grade = new Grade();
        String name;
        double[] score = new double[5];//5门课
        double sum = 0;//单科成绩和总成绩

        System.out.print("请输入需要登入学生的姓名:");
        name = scanner.next();

        if (!studentscore.exists()) {
            studentscore.createNewFile();
            System.out.println("学生分数文件创建成功！");
        }

        FileInputStream filein1 = new FileInputStream(students);//filein1读取students
        FileInputStream filein2 = new FileInputStream(studentscore);
        FileOutputStream fileout2 = new FileOutputStream(studentscore, true);

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        Properties properties1 = new Properties();
        properties.load(filein1);//读取students键值对
        properties1.load(filein2);//读取students键值对，判断合理性

        Enumeration enumeration1 = properties1.propertyNames();
        while (enumeration1.hasMoreElements()) {
            if (name.equals((String) enumeration1.nextElement())) {
                System.out.println("学生信息已存在，请勿重复写入！");
                return;
            }//判断账户存在合理性
        }

        Enumeration enumeration = properties.propertyNames();//遍历students键，获取姓名
        while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
            String key = (String) enumeration.nextElement();
            if (key.equals(name)) {
                for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                    System.out.printf("请输入学生 %s 的第 %d 门课的成绩:", name, i + 1);
                    score[i] = scanner.nextDouble();
                    sum += score[i];
                }

                System.out.print("请输入学生的扣分情况:");
                stu.setDeduct(scanner.nextFloat());

                System.out.print("请输入学生的加分情况:");
                stu.setBonus(scanner.nextFloat());

                stu.setScore(sum - stu.getDeduct() + stu.getBonus());//计算出最终结果

                byte[] b = new byte[1024];
                b = ("\n" + key + " " + stu.getScore()).getBytes();//将学生的姓名和成绩写入
                fileout2.write(b);

                System.out.println("成绩已经写入!");

                //展示输入的情况、核对
                System.out.printf("学生姓名:%s\n第一门\t第二门\t第三门\t第四门\t第五门\t总分\t等第\n", name);
                for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                    System.out.printf("%.2f\t", score[i]);
                }
                System.out.print(sum + "\t");
                System.out.println(grade.toRank(sum));

                filein1.close();
                fileout2.close();

                return;
            }
        }

        System.out.println("成绩写入失败:未查询到学生姓名！");

    }//分数添加

    private static void StudentSor() throws IOException {
        File studentscore = new File("D:\\Java Report\\studentscore.txt");
        String[] name = new String[100];
        double[] sort = new double[100];
        int i = 0, j, len;
        double sum = 0;
        int count = 0;

        if (!studentscore.exists()) {
            System.out.println("登入失败:学生分数文件不存在！");
            return;
        }//合理性判断

        FileInputStream filein1 = new FileInputStream(studentscore);
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.load(filein1);

        Enumeration enumeration = properties.propertyNames();
        while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
            String key = (String) enumeration.nextElement();
            double value = Double.parseDouble(properties.getProperty(key));//字符串转数字
            name[i] = key;
            sort[i] = value;
            sum += sort[i];
            i++;
        }
        len = i;

        //选择排序算法
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            int max = i;
            for (j = i + 1; j < len; j++) {
                if (sort[max] < sort[j]) {
                    max = j;
                }
            }
            //交换姓名与分数
            double tempscore = sort[max];
            String tempname = name[max];

            sort[max] = sort[i];
            name[max] = name[i];

            sort[i] = tempscore;
            name[i] = tempname;
        }

        //输出结果
        System.out.println("学生排名\t学生姓名\t学生成绩");
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            System.out.printf("第%d名\t%s\t%.2f\n", i + 1, name[i], sort[i]);
            if (sort[i] >= (sum / len)) {
                count++;
            }
        }

        System.out.printf("班级本次的平均分为 %.2f\t总共有 %d 人高于平均分\n", sum / len, count);

        filein1.close();

    }//学生排名

}
//总结：
//写文件键值对时候，最后一定要加一个回车键
//文件读取需要输入流，读取键值对需要Properties.load方法
//写入文件时需要输出流out，可遍历循环输出

Student.java

package com.itheima;;

public class Student {
    //学生对象的主体，包含姓名，学号，班级，分数
    private String name;
    private String number;
    private String classroom;
    private double score;

    //可以通过输入来存入
    public Student() {
    }

    //get set方法
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }

    public String getClassroom() {
        return classroom;
    }

    public void setClassroom(String classroom) {
        this.classroom = classroom;
    }

    public double getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(double score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

    //成员变量
    public void Info() {
        System.out.printf("学生信息（姓名：%s  学号：%s  班级：%s ）已经登入学生档案！\n", this.getName(), this.getNumber(),this.getClassroom());
    }

}

Admin.java

package com.itheima;

public class Admin {
    private String adminusername="none";
    private String password="none";

    public Admin() {
    }

    public String getAdminusername() {
        return adminusername;
    }

    public void setAdminusername(String adminusername) {
        this.adminusername = adminusername;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    //成员方法用于验证
    public void Info(){
        System.out.printf("账号：%s，密码：%s\n",this.getAdminusername(),this.getPassword());
    }
}

StudentException.java

package com.itheima;

public class StudentException extends Student{
    //成员方法--加分项、扣分项
    private double bonus;
    private double deduct;

    //构造方法
    public StudentException() {
    }


    //get set
    public double getBonus() {
        return bonus;
    }

    public void setBonus(double bonus) {
        this.bonus = bonus;
    }

    public double getDeduct() {
        return deduct;
    }

    public void setDeduct(double deduct) {
        this.deduct = deduct;
    }
}