CentOS8 MySQL5.7 基于MyCat中间件的读写分离

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-09 16:51:05 发布

狼崽子逛狭谷

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-09 16:51:05 发布

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文章标签：中间件

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_70298159/article/details/124602273

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本节的内容时基于上一篇文章的MySQL5.7主从备份后，使用MyCat中间件读写分离

注意：本节使用的是2个数据库实例，主和从实时的同步，本节演示的是主库写入数据，从库读出数据。

上一篇文章地址

(1条消息) CentOS8 MySQL5.7主从备份(一台服务器)_m0_70298159的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/m0_70298159/article/details/124565188

下载MyCat
浏览器访问官网下载安装包
http://www.mycat.org.cn/
或者
使用连接下载生产环境压缩包：http://dl.mycat.org.cn/1.6.7.6/20201126013625/Mycat-server-1.6.7.6-release-20201126013625-linux.tar.gz

安装MyCat
使用XFTP把压缩包拖入服务器指定的文件夹
使用命令解压
tar -zxvf Mycat-server-1.6.7.6-release-20201126013625-linux.tar.gz

目录说明
config文件下会生成logs文件夹，MyCat的启动日志会记录在这里

conf文件夹下的schema.xml、server.xml、rule.xml

server.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
    - you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
    may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
    - - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
    License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
    under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:server SYSTEM "server.dtd">
<mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    <system>
    <property name="nonePasswordLogin">0</property> <!-- 0为需要密码登陆、1为不需要密码登陆 ,默认为0，设置为1则需要指定默认账户-->
    <property name="ignoreUnknownCommand">0</property><!-- 0遇上没有实现的报文(Unknown command:),就会报错、1为忽略该报文，返回ok报文。
    在某些mysql客户端存在客户端已经登录的时候还会继续发送登录报文,mycat会报错,该设置可以绕过这个错误-->
    <property name="useHandshakeV10">1</property>
    <property name="removeGraveAccent">1</property>
    <property name="useSqlStat">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启实时统计、0为关闭 -->
    <property name="useGlobleTableCheck">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启全加班一致性检测、0为关闭 -->
    <property name="sqlExecuteTimeout">300</property>  <!-- SQL 执行超时 单位:秒-->
        <property name="sequenceHandlerType">1</property>
    <!--<property name="sequnceHandlerPattern">(?:(\s*next\s+value\s+for\s*MYCATSEQ_(\w+))(,|\)|\s)*)+</property>
    INSERT INTO `travelrecord` (`id`,user_id) VALUES ('next value for MYCATSEQ_GLOBAL',"xxx");
    -->
    <!--必须带有MYCATSEQ_或者 mycatseq_进入序列匹配流程 注意MYCATSEQ_有空格的情况-->
    <property name="sequnceHandlerPattern">(?:(\s*next\s+value\s+for\s*MYCATSEQ_(\w+))(,|\)|\s)*)+</property>
    <property name="subqueryRelationshipCheck">false</property> <!-- 子查询中存在关联查询的情况下,检查关联字段中是否有分片字段 .默认 false -->
    <property name="sequenceHanlderClass">io.mycat.route.sequence.handler.HttpIncrSequenceHandler</property>
      <!--  <property name="useCompression">1</property>--> <!--1为开启mysql压缩协议-->
        <!--  <property name="fakeMySQLVersion">5.6.20</property>--> <!--设置模拟的MySQL版本号-->
    <!-- <property name="processorBufferChunk">40960</property> -->
    <!-- 
    <property name="processors">1</property> 
    <property name="processorExecutor">32</property> 
     -->
        <!--默认为type 0: DirectByteBufferPool | type 1 ByteBufferArena | type 2 NettyBufferPool -->
        <property name="processorBufferPoolType">0</property>
        <!--默认是65535 64K 用于sql解析时最大文本长度 -->
        <!--<property name="maxStringLiteralLength">65535</property>-->
        <!--<property name="sequenceHandlerType">0</property>-->
        <!--<property name="backSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
        <!--<property name="frontSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
        <!--<property name="processorExecutor">16</property>-->
        <!--
            <property name="serverPort">8066</property> <property name="managerPort">9066</property> 
            <property name="idleTimeout">300000</property> <property name="bindIp">0.0.0.0</property>
            <property name="dataNodeIdleCheckPeriod">300000</property> 5 * 60 * 1000L; //连接空闲检查
            <property name="frontWriteQueueSize">4096</property> <property name="processors">32</property> -->
        <!--分布式事务开关，0为不过滤分布式事务，1为过滤分布式事务（如果分布式事务内只涉及全局表，则不过滤），2为不过滤分布式事务,但是记录分布式事务日志-->
        <property name="handleDistributedTransactions">0</property>
        
            <!--
            off heap for merge/order/group/limit      1开启   0关闭
        -->
        <property name="useOffHeapForMerge">0</property>

        <!--
            单位为m
        -->
        <property name="memoryPageSize">64k</property>

        <!--
            单位为k
        -->
        <property name="spillsFileBufferSize">1k</property>

        <property name="useStreamOutput">0</property>

        <!--
            单位为m
        -->
        <property name="systemReserveMemorySize">384m</property>


        <!--是否采用zookeeper协调切换  -->
        <property name="useZKSwitch">false</property>

        <!-- XA Recovery Log日志路径 -->
        <!--<property name="XARecoveryLogBaseDir">./</property>-->

        <!-- XA Recovery Log日志名称 -->
        <!--<property name="XARecoveryLogBaseName">tmlog</property>-->
        <!--如果为 true的话 严格遵守隔离级别,不会在仅仅只有select语句的时候在事务中切换连接-->
        <property name="strictTxIsolation">false</property>
        <!--如果为0的话,涉及多个DataNode的catlet任务不会跨线程执行-->
        <property name="parallExecute">0</property>
    </system>
    
    <!-- 全局SQL防火墙设置 -->
    <!--白名单可以使用通配符%或着*-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.0.0.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.0.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="1*7.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--这些配置情况下对于127.0.0.1都能以root账户登录-->
    <!--
    <firewall>
       <whitehost>
          <host host="1*7.0.0.*" user="root"/>
       </whitehost>
       <blacklist check="false">
       </blacklist>
    </firewall>
    -->

    <user name="root" defaultAccount="true">
        <property name="password">123456</property>
        <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
        <property name="defaultSchema">TESTDB</property>
        <!--No MyCAT Database selected 错误前会尝试使用该schema作为schema，不设置则为null,报错 -->
        
        <!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 -->
        <!--         
        <privileges check="false">
            <schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" >
                <table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table>
                <table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table>
            </schema>
        </privileges>        
         -->
    </user>

    <!--<user name="user">
        <property name="password">user</property>
        <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
        <property name="readOnly">true</property>
        <property name="defaultSchema">TESTDB</property>
    </user>
-->

</mycat:server>

schema.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">

<!--
    name：为mycat逻辑库的名字，对应server<property name="schemas">mydatabase</property>，
    建议设置跟数据库一样的名称
    checkSQLschema：自动检查逻辑库名称并拼接，true会在sql语句中的表名前拼接逻辑库名，
    例如select * from mydatabase.t_user;
    sqlMaxLimit：查询保护、如果没有写limit条件，会自动拼接。只查询1000条。
    -->
    <schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="true" sqlMaxLimit="1000">
        <!--
        name:为物理数据库的表名，命名与物理数据库的一致 
        dataNode:为dataNode标签(<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="dtHost1" database="db1" />)里面的name值
        dataNode里面填写的节点数量必须和rule里面的规则数量一致
        primaryKey:为表的ID字段，建议和rule.xml里面指定的ID和物理库的ID一致
        rule：分片规则，对应rule.xml中<tableRule name="student_id">的name
        -->
        <table name="T1" primaryKey="id" dataNode="dn1" rule="rule1">

</table>
    </schema>

    <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="mysql0113" database="test"/>
    
    <!--
    balance:负载均衡类型
    0：不开启读写分离机制，所有读操作都发送到当前可用的writeHost上
    1：全部的readHost与stand by writeHost参与select语句的负载均衡，
    2：所有读操作都随机在writeHost、readHost上分发
    3：所有读请求随机分发到writeHost对应的readHost执行，writeHost不负担读压力
    -->
    <dataHost name="mysql0113" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"
              writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="jdbc" switchType="1">
              <!--用于验证心跳，这个是mysql主库的配置-->
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        
        <writeHost host="111.121.241.180" url="jdbc:mysql://111.121.241.180:3306" user="root"
 password="root">
               <readHost host="111.121.241.180" url="jdbc:mysql://111.121.241.180:3308" user="root" password="1234">
            </readHost>

        </writeHost>
        
        
    </dataHost>
    
</mycat:schema>

rule.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
    - you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
    may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
    - - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
    License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
    under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:rule SYSTEM "rule.dtd">
<mycat:rule xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    <tableRule name="rule1">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>func1</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="sharding-by-date">
        <rule>
            <columns>createTime</columns>
            <algorithm>partbyday</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="rule2">
        <rule>
            <columns>user_id</columns>
            <algorithm>func1</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="sharding-by-intfile">
        <rule>
            <columns>sharding_id</columns>
            <algorithm>hash-int</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="auto-sharding-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>rang-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="mod-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="sharding-by-murmur">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>murmur</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="crc32slot">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>crc32slot</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="sharding-by-month">
        <rule>
            <columns>create_time</columns>
            <algorithm>partbymonth</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="latest-month-calldate">
        <rule>
            <columns>calldate</columns>
            <algorithm>latestMonth</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="auto-sharding-rang-mod">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>rang-mod</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="jch">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>jump-consistent-hash</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <function name="murmur"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMurmurHash">
        <property name="seed">0</property><!-- 默认是0 -->
        <property name="count">2</property><!-- 要分片的数据库节点数量，必须指定，否则没法分片 -->
        <property name="virtualBucketTimes">160</property><!-- 一个实际的数据库节点被映射为这么多虚拟节点，默认是160倍，也就是虚拟节点数是物理节点数的160倍 -->
        <!-- <property name="weightMapFile">weightMapFile</property> 节点的权重，没有指定权重的节点默认是1。以properties文件的格式填写，以从0开始到count-1的整数值也就是节点索引为key，以节点权重值为值。所有权重值必须是正整数，否则以1代替 -->
        <!-- <property name="bucketMapPath">/etc/mycat/bucketMapPath</property>
            用于测试时观察各物理节点与虚拟节点的分布情况，如果指定了这个属性，会把虚拟节点的murmur hash值与物理节点的映射按行输出到这个文件，没有默认值，如果不指定，就不会输出任何东西 -->
    </function>

    <function name="crc32slot"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByCRC32PreSlot">
        <property name="count">2</property><!-- 要分片的数据库节点数量，必须指定，否则没法分片 -->
    </function>
    <function name="hash-int"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByFileMap">
        <property name="mapFile">partition-hash-int.txt</property>
    </function>
    <function name="rang-long"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.AutoPartitionByLong">
        <property name="mapFile">autopartition-long.txt</property>
    </function>
    <function name="mod-long" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod">
        <!-- how many data nodes -->
        <property name="count">3</property>
    </function>

    <function name="func1" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByLong">
        <property name="partitionCount">8</property>
        <property name="partitionLength">128</property>
    </function>
    <function name="latestMonth"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.LatestMonthPartion">
        <property name="splitOneDay">24</property>
    </function>
    <function name="partbymonth"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMonth">
        <property name="dateFormat">yyyy-MM-dd</property>
        <property name="sBeginDate">2015-01-01</property>
    </function>


    <function name="partbyday"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByDate">
        <property name="dateFormat">yyyy-MM-dd</property>
        <property name="sNaturalDay">0</property>
        <property name="sBeginDate">2014-01-01</property>
        <property name="sEndDate">2014-01-31</property>
        <property name="sPartionDay">10</property>
    </function>

    <function name="rang-mod" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByRangeMod">
        <property name="mapFile">partition-range-mod.txt</property>
    </function>

    <function name="jump-consistent-hash" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByJumpConsistentHash">
        <property name="totalBuckets">3</property>
    </function>
</mycat:rule>

命令说明
进入到bin目录
启动： ./mycat start
停止：./mycat stop
查看状态：ps -ef|grep mycat 或 mycat.bat status
重启：./mycat restart

使用 navicat连接端口为8066

1.防火墙开启端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8066/tcp --permanent

2.查看开放端口列表

firewall-cmd --list-port

3.使用数据库连接工具