此文章使通过SHT11模块,AT89C52等芯片设计一个对温湿度测量的仿真实验,文末有本次实验的最终仿真图以及代码。
一、温湿度的测量:
通过SHT11对环境温湿度进行测量,部分代码如下
char s_measure(unsigned char *p_value, unsigned char *p_checksum, unsigned char mode)
{
// enum {TEMP,HUMI};
unsigned error=0;
unsigned int i;
s_transstart();
switch(mode)
{
case TEMP : error+=s_write_byte(MEASURE_TEMP); break;
case HUMI : error+=s_write_byte(MEASURE_HUMI); break;
default : break;
}
for (i=0;i<65535;i++) if(DATA==0) break;
if(DATA) error+=1;
*(p_value) =s_read_byte(ACK);
*(p_value+1)=s_read_byte(ACK);
*p_checksum =s_read_byte(noACK);
return error;
}
void calc_sth10(float *p_humidity ,float *p_temperature)
{
const float C1=-4.0;
const float C2=+0.0405;
const float C3=-0.0000028;
const float T1=+0.01;
const float T2=+0.00008;
float rh=*p_humidity;
float t=*p_temperature;
float rh_lin;
float rh_true;
float t_C;
t_C=t*0.01 - 40;
rh_lin=C3*rh*rh + C2*rh + C1;
rh_true=(t_C-25)*(T1+T2*rh)+rh_lin;
if(rh_true>100)rh_true=100;
if(rh_true<0.1)rh_true=0.1;
*p_temperature=t_C;
*p_humidity=rh_true;
}
接下来就是将参数发送到AT89C52之中去了,部分代码如下:
char s_write_byte(unsigned char value)
{
unsigned char i,error=0;
for (i=0x80;i>0;i/=2)
{
if (i&value) DATA=1;
else DATA=0;
SCK=1;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
SCK=0;
}
DATA=1;
SCK=1;
error=DATA;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
SCK=0;
DATA=1;
return error;
}
char s_read_byte(unsigned char ack)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
unsigned char i,val=0;
DATA=1;
for(i=0x80;i>0;i>>=1)
{
SCK=1;
if(DATA) val=(val|i);
SCK=0;
}
DATA=!ack;
SCK=1;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
SCK=0;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
DATA=1;
return val;
}
void s_transstart(void)
// generates a transmission start
// _____ ________
// DATA: |_______|
// ___ ___
// SCK : ___| |___| |______
{
DATA=1; SCK=0;
_nop_();
SCK=1;
_nop_();
DATA=0;
_nop_();
SCK=0;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
SCK=1;
_nop_();
DATA=1;
_nop_();
SCK=0;
}
t同时,要将温湿度显示在LED上,所以对LED进行设置,代码如下:
//********************************************************
#define LCD_COMMAND 0
#define LCD_DATA 1
#define LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN 0x01
#define LCD_HOMING 0x02
void LCD_Write(bit style, unsigned char input)
{
E=0;
RS=style;
RW=0; _nop_();
DBPort=input; _nop_();//×¢Òâ˳Ðò
E=1; _nop_();//×¢Òâ˳Ðò
E=0; _nop_();
LCD_Wait();
}
//************************************************************
#define LCD_SHOW 0x04
#define LCD_HIDE 0x00
#define LCD_CURSOR 0x02
#define LCD_NO_CURSOR 0x00
#define LCD_FLASH 0x01
#define LCD_NO_FLASH 0x00
void LCD_SetDisplay(unsigned char DisplayMode)
{
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x08|DisplayMode);
}
//************************************************************
#define LCD_AC_UP 0x02
#define LCD_AC_DOWN 0x00
#define LCD_MOVE 0x01
#define LCD_NO_MOVE 0x00
void LCD_SetInput(unsigned char InputMode)
{
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x04|InputMode);
}
//************************************************************
void LCD_Initial()
{
E=0;
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38);
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38);
LCD_SetDisplay(LCD_SHOW|LCD_NO_CURSOR);
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN);
LCD_SetInput(LCD_AC_UP|LCD_NO_MOVE); ¯
}
//************************
void GotoXY(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
if(y==0)
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|x);
if(y==1)
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|(x-0x40));
}
//
void Print(unsigned char *str)
{
while(*str!='\0')
{
LCD_Write(LCD_DATA,*str);
str++;
}
}
温湿度输出代码如下(以温度为例)
TEMP1[0]=temp/1000+'0';
if (TEMP1[0]==0x30) TEMP1[0]=0x20;
TEMP1[1]=temp%1000/100+'0';
if (TEMP1[1]==0x30 && TEMP1[0]!=0x30) TEMP1[1]=0x20;
TEMP1[2]=temp%100/10+'0';
二、优化调整:
1.由于上述温湿度输出最小精确到个位,为了更加精确的测量,我们将此优化精确到小数点有一位,具体代码如下:
TEMP1[0]=temp/1000+'0';
if (TEMP1[0]==0x30) TEMP1[0]=0x20;
TEMP1[1]=temp%1000/100+'0';
if (TEMP1[1]==0x30 && TEMP1[0]!=0x30) TEMP1[1]=0x20;
TEMP1[2]=temp%100/10+'0';
TEMP1[3]=0x2e;
TEMP1[4]=temp%10+'0';
2.由于时间漂移的存在,我们需要人工调整测量误差,于是我们外置了按钮元件,通过按钮元件来使LED显示屏上温湿度进行0.1的精度调节,部分代码如下
if(P4==0)
{
up++;
}
}
for (i=0;i<up;i++)
{
temp++;
}
if(P5==0)
{
delay(10);
if(P5==0)
{
down--;
}
}
for (i=0;i>down;i--)
{
temp--;
}
三、总结:
通过上述操作,我们可以得到仿真图如下:所有代码如下:(注释太多乱码了,删除太麻烦,将就看一下吧)
#include<reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#include <math.h> //Keil library
#include <stdio.h> //Keil library
#define uchar unsigned char
sbit P4=P2^4;
sbit P5=P2^5;
sbit P6=P2^6;
sbit P7=P2^7;
typedef union //¶¨Ò干ͬÀàÐÍ
{ unsigned int i; //i±íʾ²âÁ¿µÃµ½µÄÎÂʪ¶ÈÊý¾Ý£¨int ÐÎʽ±£´æµÄÊý¾Ý£©
float f; //f±íʾ²âÁ¿µÃµ½µÄÎÂʪ¶ÈÊý¾Ý£¨float ÐÎʽ±£´æµÄÊý¾Ý£©
} value;
enum {TEMP,HUMI};
sbit DATA = P1^1;
sbit SCK = P1^0;
sbit RS = P2^0;
sbit RW = P2^1;
sbit E = P2^2;
sfr DBPort = 0x80; //P0=0x80,P1=0x90,P2=0xA0,P3=0xB0.Êý¾Ý¶Ë¿Ú
/******** 1602º¯ÊýÉùÃ÷ ********/
void LCD_Initial();
void GotoXY(unsigned char x, unsigned char y);
void Print(unsigned char *str);
void LCD_Write(bit style, unsigned char input);
/******** SHT11º¯ÊýÉùÃ÷ ********/
void s_connectionreset(void);
char s_measure(unsigned char *p_value, unsigned char *p_checksum, unsigned char mode);
void calc_sth10(float *p_humidity ,float *p_temperature);
//float calc_dewpoint(float h,float t);
/***********************************************************************************************************************************************************/
//SHT11³ÌÐò
#define noACK 0 //¼ÌÐø´«ÊäÊý¾Ý£¬ÓÃÓÚÅжÏÊÇ·ñ½áÊøͨѶ
#define ACK 1 //½áÊøÊý¾Ý´«Ê䣻
//µØÖ· ÃüÁî ¶Á/д
#define STATUS_REG_W 0x06 //000 0011 0
#define STATUS_REG_R 0x07 //000 0011 1
#define MEASURE_TEMP 0x03 //000 0001 1
#define MEASURE_HUMI 0x05 //000 0010 1
#define RESET 0x1e //000 1111 0
//д×Ö½Ú³ÌÐò
char s_write_byte(unsigned char value)
{
unsigned char i,error=0;
for (i=0x80;i>0;i/=2) //shift bit for masking ¸ßλΪ1£¬Ñ»·ÓÒÒÆ
{
if (i&value) DATA=1; //ºÍÒª·¢Ë͵ÄÊýÏàÓ룬½á¹ûΪ·¢Ë͵Äλ
else DATA=0;
SCK=1;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_(); //ÑÓʱ3us
SCK=0;
}
DATA=1; //ÊÍ·ÅÊý¾ÝÏß
SCK=1;
error=DATA; //¼ì²éÓ¦´ðÐźţ¬È·ÈÏͨѶÕý³£
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
SCK=0;
DATA=1;
return error; //error=1 ͨѶ´íÎó
}
//¶Á×Ö½Ú³ÌÐò
char s_read_byte(unsigned char ack)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{
unsigned char i,val=0;
DATA=1; //ÊÍ·ÅÊý¾ÝÏß
for(i=0x80;i>0;i>>=1) //¸ßλΪ1£¬Ñ»·ÓÒÒÆ
{
SCK=1;
if(DATA) val=(val|i); //¶ÁһλÊý¾ÝÏßµÄÖµ
SCK=0;
}
DATA=!ack; //Èç¹ûÊÇУÑ飬¶ÁÈ¡Íêºó½áÊøͨѶ£»
SCK=1;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_(); //ÑÓʱ3us
SCK=0;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
DATA=1; //ÊÍ·ÅÊý¾ÝÏß
return val;
}
//Æô¶¯´«Êä
void s_transstart(void)
// generates a transmission start
// _____ ________
// DATA: |_______|
// ___ ___
// SCK : ___| |___| |______
{
DATA=1; SCK=0; //×¼±¸
_nop_();
SCK=1;
_nop_();
DATA=0;
_nop_();
SCK=0;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
SCK=1;
_nop_();
DATA=1;
_nop_();
SCK=0;
}
//Á¬½Ó¸´Î»
void s_connectionreset(void)
// communication reset: DATA-line=1 and at least 9 SCK cycles followed by transstart
// _____________________________________________________ ________
// DATA: |_______|
// _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ___
// SCK : __| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |______| |___| |______
{
unsigned char i;
DATA=1; SCK=0; //×¼±¸
for(i=0;i<9;i++) //DATA±£³Ö¸ß£¬SCKʱÖÓ´¥·¢9´Î£¬·¢ËÍÆô¶¯´«Ê䣬ͨѸ¼´¸´Î»
{
SCK=1;
SCK=0;
}
s_transstart(); //Æô¶¯´«Êä
}
//Èí¸´Î»³ÌÐò
char s_softreset(void)
// resets the sensor by a softreset
{
unsigned char error=0;
s_connectionreset(); //Æô¶¯Á¬½Ó¸´Î»
error+=s_write_byte(RESET); //·¢Ë͸´Î»ÃüÁî
return error; //error=1 ͨѶ´íÎó
}
/*
//¶Á״̬¼Ä´æÆ÷
char s_read_statusreg(unsigned char *p_value, unsigned char *p_checksum)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// reads the status register with checksum (8-bit)
{
unsigned char error=0;
s_transstart(); //transmission start
error=s_write_byte(STATUS_REG_R); //send command to sensor
*p_value=s_read_byte(ACK); //read status register (8-bit)
*p_checksum=s_read_byte(noACK); //read checksum (8-bit)
return error; //error=1 in case of no response form the sensor
}
//д״̬¼Ä´æÆ÷
char s_write_statusreg(unsigned char *p_value)
// writes the status register with checksum (8-bit)
{
unsigned char error=0;
s_transstart(); //transmission start
error+=s_write_byte(STATUS_REG_W);//send command to sensor
error+=s_write_byte(*p_value); //send value of status register
return error; //error>=1 in case of no response form the sensor
} */
//ÎÂʪ¶È²âÁ¿
char s_measure(unsigned char *p_value, unsigned char *p_checksum, unsigned char mode)
// ½øÐÐζȻòÕßʪ¶Èת»»£¬ÓɲÎÊýmode¾ö¶¨×ª»»ÄÚÈÝ£»
{
// enum {TEMP,HUMI}; //ÒѾÔÚÍ·ÎļþÖж¨Òå
unsigned error=0;
unsigned int i;
s_transstart(); //Æô¶¯´«Êä
switch(mode) //Ñ¡Ôñ·¢ËÍÃüÁî
{
case TEMP : error+=s_write_byte(MEASURE_TEMP); break; //²âÁ¿Î¶È
case HUMI : error+=s_write_byte(MEASURE_HUMI); break; //²âÁ¿Êª¶È
default : break;
}
for (i=0;i<65535;i++) if(DATA==0) break; //µÈ´ý²âÁ¿½áÊø
if(DATA) error+=1; // Èç¹û³¤Ê±¼äÊý¾ÝÏßûÓÐÀµÍ£¬ËµÃ÷²âÁ¿´íÎó
*(p_value) =s_read_byte(ACK); //¶ÁµÚÒ»¸ö×Ö½Ú£¬¸ß×Ö½Ú (MSB)
*(p_value+1)=s_read_byte(ACK); //¶ÁµÚ¶þ¸ö×Ö½Ú£¬µÍ×Ö½Ú (LSB)
*p_checksum =s_read_byte(noACK); //read CRCУÑéÂë
return error; // error=1 ͨѶ´íÎó
}
//ÎÂʪ¶ÈÖµ±ê¶È±ä»»¼°Î¶Ȳ¹³¥
void calc_sth10(float *p_humidity ,float *p_temperature)
{
const float C1=-4.0; // 12λʪ¶È¾«¶È ÐÞÕý¹«Ê½
const float C2=+0.0405; // 12λʪ¶È¾«¶È ÐÞÕý¹«Ê½
const float C3=-0.0000028; // 12λʪ¶È¾«¶È ÐÞÕý¹«Ê½
const float T1=+0.01; // 14λζȾ«¶È 5VÌõ¼þ ÐÞÕý¹«Ê½
const float T2=+0.00008; // 14λζȾ«¶È 5VÌõ¼þ ÐÞÕý¹«Ê½
float rh=*p_humidity; // rh: 12λ ʪ¶È
float t=*p_temperature; // t: 14λ ζÈ
float rh_lin; // rh_lin: ʪ¶È linearÖµ
float rh_true; // rh_true: ʪ¶È tureÖµ
float t_C; // t_C : ÎÂ¶È ¡æ
t_C=t*0.01 - 40; //²¹³¥Î¶È
rh_lin=C3*rh*rh + C2*rh + C1; //Ïà¶Ôʪ¶È·ÇÏßÐÔ²¹³¥
rh_true=(t_C-25)*(T1+T2*rh)+rh_lin; //Ïà¶Ôʪ¶È¶ÔÓÚζÈÒÀÀµÐÔ²¹³¥
if(rh_true>100)rh_true=100; //ʪ¶È×î´óÐÞÕý
if(rh_true<0.1)rh_true=0.1; //ʪ¶È×îСÐÞÕý
*p_temperature=t_C; //·µ»ØζȽá¹û
*p_humidity=rh_true; //·µ»Øʪ¶È½á¹û
}
//´ÓÏà¶ÔζȺÍʪ¶È¼ÆË㶵ã
/*float calc_dewpoint(float h,float t)
{
float logEx,dew_point;
logEx=0.66077+7.5*t/(237.3+t)+(log10(h)-2);
dew_point = (logEx - 0.66077)*237.3/(0.66077+7.5-logEx);
return dew_point;
} */
/***********************************************************************************************************************************************************/
//1602³ÌÐò
//ÄÚ²¿µÈ´ýº¯Êý**************************************************************
unsigned char LCD_Wait(void)
{
RS=0;
RW=1; _nop_();
E=1; _nop_();
E=0;
return DBPort;
}
//ÏòLCDдÈëÃüÁî»òÊý¾Ý********************************************************
#define LCD_COMMAND 0 // Command
#define LCD_DATA 1 // Data
#define LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN 0x01 // ÇåÆÁ
#define LCD_HOMING 0x02 // ¹â±ê·µ»ØÔµã
void LCD_Write(bit style, unsigned char input)
{
E=0;
RS=style;
RW=0; _nop_();
DBPort=input; _nop_();//×¢Òâ˳Ðò
E=1; _nop_();//×¢Òâ˳Ðò
E=0; _nop_();
LCD_Wait();
}
//ÉèÖÃÏÔʾģʽ************************************************************
#define LCD_SHOW 0x04 //ÏÔʾ¿ª
#define LCD_HIDE 0x00 //ÏÔʾ¹Ø
#define LCD_CURSOR 0x02 //ÏÔʾ¹â±ê
#define LCD_NO_CURSOR 0x00 //ÎÞ¹â±ê
#define LCD_FLASH 0x01 //¹â±êÉÁ¶¯
#define LCD_NO_FLASH 0x00 //¹â±ê²»ÉÁ¶¯
void LCD_SetDisplay(unsigned char DisplayMode)
{
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x08|DisplayMode);
}
//ÉèÖÃÊäÈëģʽ************************************************************
#define LCD_AC_UP 0x02
#define LCD_AC_DOWN 0x00 // default
#define LCD_MOVE 0x01 // »Ãæ¿ÉƽÒÆ
#define LCD_NO_MOVE 0x00 //default
void LCD_SetInput(unsigned char InputMode)
{
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND, 0x04|InputMode);
}
//³õʼ»¯LCD************************************************************
void LCD_Initial()
{
E=0;
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38); //8λÊý¾Ý¶Ë¿Ú,2ÐÐÏÔʾ,5*7µãÕó
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x38);
LCD_SetDisplay(LCD_SHOW|LCD_NO_CURSOR); //¿ªÆôÏÔʾ, ÎÞ¹â±ê
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,LCD_CLEAR_SCREEN); //ÇåÆÁ
LCD_SetInput(LCD_AC_UP|LCD_NO_MOVE); //ACµÝÔö, »Ãæ²»¶¯
}
//Òº¾§×Ö·ûÊäÈëµÄλÖÃ************************
void GotoXY(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
if(y==0)
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|x);
if(y==1)
LCD_Write(LCD_COMMAND,0x80|(x-0x40));
}
//½«×Ö·ûÊä³öµ½Òº¾§ÏÔʾ
void Print(unsigned char *str)
{
while(*str!='\0')
{
LCD_Write(LCD_DATA,*str);
str++;
}
}
//ÑÓʱº¯Êý
void delay(int z) //zΪºÁÃëÊý
{
int x,y;
for(x=z;x>0;x--)
for(y=125;y>0;y--);
}
/***********************************************************************************************************************************************************/
//Ö÷º¯Êý
void main()
{
unsigned int temp,humi;
value humi_val,temp_val; //¶¨ÒåÁ½¸ö¹²Í¬Ì壬һ¸öÓÃÓÚʪ¶È£¬Ò»¸öÓÃÓÚζÈ
// float dew_point; //ÓÃÓڼǼ¶µãÖµ
unsigned char error; //ÓÃÓÚ¼ìÑéÊÇ·ñ³öÏÖ´íÎó
unsigned char checksum; //CRC
uchar TEMP1[7]; //ÓÃÓڼǼζÈ
uchar HUMI1[6]; //ÓÃÓڼǼʪ¶È
int up=0,down=0,ups=0,downs=0;
int i;
LCD_Initial(); //³õʼ»¯Òº¾§
GotoXY(0,0); //Ñ¡ÔñζÈÏÔʾλÖÃ
Print("Temp: C"); //5¸ñ¿Õ¸ñ
GotoXY(0,1); //Ñ¡Ôñʪ¶ÈÏÔʾλÖÃ
Print("Humi: %RH"); //5¸ñ¿Õ¸ñ
s_connectionreset(); //Æô¶¯Á¬½Ó¸´Î»
while(1)
{
error=0; //³õʼ»¯error=0£¬¼´Ã»ÓдíÎó
error+=s_measure((unsigned char*)&temp_val.i,&checksum,TEMP); //ζȲâÁ¿
error+=s_measure((unsigned char*)&humi_val.i,&checksum,HUMI); //ʪ¶È²âÁ¿
if(error!=0) s_connectionreset(); Èç¹û·¢Éú´íÎó£¬ÏµÍ³¸´Î»
else
{
humi_val.f=(float)humi_val.i; //ת»»Îª¸¡µãÊý
temp_val.f=(float)temp_val.i; //ת»»Îª¸¡µãÊý
calc_sth10(&humi_val.f,&temp_val.f); //ÐÞÕýÏà¶Ôʪ¶È¼°Î¶È
// dew_point=calc_dewpoint(humi_val.f,temp_val.f); //¼ÆËãe dew_point
temp=temp_val.f*10;
humi=humi_val.f*10;
GotoXY(5,0); //ÉèÖÃζÈÏÔʾλÖÃ
if(P4==0) //
{
delay(10); //
if(P4==0)
{
up++;
}
}
for (i=0;i<up;i++)
{
temp++;
}
if(P5==0) //?P1.0??,????????,???if
{
delay(10);
if(P5==0)
{
down--;
}
}
for (i=0;i>down;i--)
{
temp--;
} //¿ØÖÆζÈÒÔ0.1µÄ¸Ä±äÁ¿±ä»¯
if(P6==0) //
{
delay(10); //
if(P6==0)
{
ups++;
}
}
for (i=0;i<ups;i++)
{
humi++;
}
if(P7==0) //?P1.0??,????????,???if
{
delay(10);
if(P7==0)
{
downs--;
}
}
for (i=0;i>downs;i--)
{
humi--;
}
TEMP1[0]=temp/1000+'0'; //ζȰÙλ
if (TEMP1[0]==0x30) TEMP1[0]=0x20;
TEMP1[1]=temp%1000/100+'0'; //ζÈʮλ
if (TEMP1[1]==0x30 && TEMP1[0]!=0x30) TEMP1[1]=0x20;
TEMP1[2]=temp%100/10+'0'; //ζȸöλ
TEMP1[3]=0x2e; //СÊýµã
TEMP1[4]=temp%10+'0'; //ζÈСÊýµãºóµÚһλ
TEMP1[5]=0xdf; //ÏÔʾζȷûºÅ¡æ
Print(TEMP1); //Êä³öζÈ
GotoXY(5,1); //ÉèÖÃʪ¶ÈÏÔʾλÖÃ
HUMI1[0]=humi/1000+'0'; //ʪ¶È°Ùλ
if (HUMI1[0]==0x30) HUMI1[0]=0x20;
HUMI1[1]=humi%1000/100+'0'; //ʪ¶Èʮλ
if (HUMI1[1]==0x30 && HUMI1[0]!=0x30) HUMI1[1]=0X20;
HUMI1[2]=humi%100/10+'0'; //ʪ¶È¸öλ
HUMI1[3]=0x2E; //СÊýµã
HUMI1[4]=humi%10+'0'; //ʪ¶ÈСÊýµãºóµÚһλ
Print(HUMI1); //Êä³öʪ¶È
}
delay(800); //µÈ´ý×ã¹»³¤µÄʱ¼ä£¬ÒÔ½øÐÐÏÂÒ»´Îת»»
}
}
以上就是本次仿真的所有内容,谢谢观看