算法训练Day8

344.反转字符串

解题方法1：

python内置倒转

class Solution:
    def reverseString(self, s: List[str]) -> None:
        """
        Do not return anything, modify s in-place instead.
        """
        # # method 1
        s[:] = s[::-1]
        return s

解题方法2：

双指针

class Solution:
    def reverseString(self, s: List[str]) -> None:
        """
        Do not return anything, modify s in-place instead.
        """
        # method 2
        left = 0
        right = len(s) - 1
        while left < right:
            s[left],s[right] = s[right],s[left]
            left += 1
            right -= 1
        return s

541. 反转字符串II

class Solution:
    def reverseStr(self, s: str, k: int) -> str:
        # # method 1
        # length = len(s)
        # left = 0
        # while left < length:
        #     right = left + k
        #     s = s[:left] + s[left:right][::-1] + s[right:]
        #     left += 2 * k
        # return s

        # method 2
        lr = list(s)
        for i in range(0,len(s),2*k):
            lr[i:i+k] = lr[i:i+k][::-1]
        return ''.join(lr)

剑指Offer 05.替换空格

解题方法1：

python内置库

class Solution:
    def replaceSpace(self, s: str) -> str:
        # # method 1
        return '%20'.join(s.split(" "))

解题方法2：

（1）统计空格数量，记作count

（2）修改字符串长度, 在原来长度上加上 2*count

（3）倒序遍历修改：i 指向原字符串尾部元素， j 指向新字符串尾部元素

                                  当s[i]不是空格时， 执行s[j] = s[i]， j -= 1

                                  当s[i] 为空格时，将字符串闭区间 [j-2, j] 的元素修改为 "%20" , j -= 3

                                  每次遍历 i -= 1

（4）当 i  < 0 时， 遍历结束

class Solution:
    def replaceSpace(self, s: str) -> str:
        # # method 1
        # return '%20'.join(s.split(" "))

        # method 2
        lr = list(s)
        count = s.count(" ")
        lr.extend(" " * 2*count)

        left = len(s) - 1
        right = len(lr) - 1

        for i in range(len(s) - 1,-1,-1):
            if lr[left] != ' ':
                lr[right] = lr[left]
                right -= 1

            if lr[left] == ' ':
                lr[right] = '0'
                lr[right-1] = '2'
                lr[right-2] = '%'
                right -= 3
            left -= 1
        return ''.join(lr)
        

151.翻转字符串里的单词

class Solution:
    def reverseWords(self, s: str) -> str:
        # # mthod 1
        # return ' '.join(reversed(s.split()))

        # # method 2
        # s = s.strip()
        # left = len(s) - 1
        # right = len(s) - 1
        # res = []
        # while left >= 0:
        #     while left >= 0 and s[left] != ' ': 
        #         left -= 1
        #     res.append(s[left+1:right+1])

        #     while s[left] == ' ':
        #         left -= 1
        #     right = left
        # return ' '.join(res)

        # method 3
        s = s.strip()
        word = []
        res = collections.deque()

        for left in range(len(s)):
            if s[left] != ' ':
                word.append(s[left])
            
            if s[left] == ' ' and word:
                res.appendleft(''.join(word))
                word = []
        res.appendleft(''.join(word))
        return ' '.join(res)

剑指Offer58-II.左旋转字符串

class Solution:
    def reverseLeftWords(self, s: str, n: int) -> str:
        return s[n:] + s[:n]