Docker常用指令和镜像操作详解一文速学+实例代码_docker运行镜像的命令(1)

网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化资料的朋友，可以戳这里获取

一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！

docker image prune [OPTIONS]

5.删除指定镜像

docker image rm [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

删除TAG为latest最新版本的redis：

docker image rm redis:latest

6.TAG修改生成新镜像

docker image tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG]

docker image tag hello-world:latest hello-world:v.1.0

7.保存镜像

docker image save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

docker image save hello-world:v.1.0 > hw.tar

保存到指定目录：

docker image save hello-worl:v.1.0 -o /usr/local/hw.tar

8.加载镜像

docker image load [OPTIONS]

我们一开始是把hello-world的v.1.0的版本给删了，现在我们可以把通过本地保存的hello-world给放到image里面去：

 docker image load <hw.tar

加载指定路径的镜像源：

docker load -i /usr/local/hw.tar   # 指定加载镜像的源

9.显示历史镜像操作

docker image history [OPTIONS] IMAGE

 docker image history hello-world:v.1.0

10.显示镜像的详细信息

docker image inspect [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

例如我们查看hello-world镜像的详细信息会发现：

docker image inspect hello-world

一大串JSON文件格式：

11.从归档文件中创建镜像

docker image import [OPTIONS] file|URL|- [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

docker image import hw.tar   # 一般需要指定镜像名字

12.上传镜像

docker image push [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG]

这样就是上传成功了可以在dockerhub上看到自己上传的镜像：

docker push fanstuck/my-private-repo:hellow-world

13.创建镜像

docker image build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -

bulid属于制作镜像是一个较为复杂且需要编写程序的过程，因此参数相应的会比较复杂：

Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker")
  -c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon
                           (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set
                           with "docker context use")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level
                           ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default
                           "/root/.docker/ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default
                           "/root/.docker/cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
  app*        Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  builder     Manage builds
  buildx*     Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.3-docker)
  compose*    Docker Compose (Docker Inc., v2.6.0)
  config      Manage Docker configs
  container   Manage containers
  context     Manage contexts
  image       Manage images
  manifest    Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists
  network     Manage networks
  node        Manage Swarm nodes
  plugin      Manage plugins
  scan*       Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)
  secret      Manage Docker secrets
  service     Manage services
  stack       Manage Docker stacks
  swarm       Manage Swarm
  system      Manage Docker
  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
  volume      Manage volumes

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  images      List images
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  info        Display system-wide information
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  login       Log in to a Docker registry
  logout      Log out from a Docker registry
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  run         Run a command in a new container
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  search      Search the Docker Hub for images
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  version     Show the Docker version information
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

这里参数十分丰富，以后将独自写一期docker bulid来详细介绍该功能的使用，属于制作镜像一块的，是比较大的一块docker内容。

14.运行镜像

创建一个新的容器并运行一个命令

docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

相应的参数也是十分的多的：

Usage:  docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

Run a command in a new container

Options:
      --add-host list                  Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
  -a, --attach list                    Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
      --blkio-weight uint16            Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and
                                       1000, or 0 to disable (default 0)
      --blkio-weight-device list       Block IO weight (relative device weight)
                                       (default [])
      --cap-add list                   Add Linux capabilities
      --cap-drop list                  Drop Linux capabilities
      --cgroup-parent string           Optional parent cgroup for the container
      --cgroupns string                Cgroup namespace to use (host|private)
                                       'host':    Run the container in the Docker
                                       host's cgroup namespace
                                       'private': Run the container in its own
                                       private cgroup namespace
                                       '':        Use the cgroup namespace as
                                       configured by the
                                                  default-cgroupns-mode option on
                                       the daemon (default)
      --cidfile string                 Write the container ID to the file
      --cpu-period int                 Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
      --cpu-quota int                  Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
      --cpu-rt-period int              Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds
      --cpu-rt-runtime int             Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
  -c, --cpu-shares int                 CPU shares (relative weight)
      --cpus decimal                   Number of CPUs
      --cpuset-cpus string             CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
      --cpuset-mems string             MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
  -d, --detach                         Run container in background and print container ID
      --detach-keys string             Override the key sequence for detaching a
                                       container
      --device list                    Add a host device to the container
      --device-cgroup-rule list        Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
      --device-read-bps list           Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a
                                       device (default [])
      --device-read-iops list          Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device
                                       (default [])
      --device-write-bps list          Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a
                                       device (default [])
      --device-write-iops list         Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device
                                       (default [])
      --disable-content-trust          Skip image verification (default true)
      --dns list                       Set custom DNS servers
      --dns-option list                Set DNS options
      --dns-search list                Set custom DNS search domains
      --domainname string              Container NIS domain name
      --entrypoint string              Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
  -e, --env list                       Set environment variables
      --env-file list                  Read in a file of environment variables
      --expose list                    Expose a port or a range of ports
      --gpus gpu-request               GPU devices to add to the container ('all' to
                                       pass all GPUs)
      --group-add list                 Add additional groups to join
      --health-cmd string              Command to run to check health
      --health-interval duration       Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h)
                                       (default 0s)
      --health-retries int             Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
      --health-start-period duration   Start period for the container to initialize
                                       before starting health-retries countdown
                                       (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
      --health-timeout duration        Maximum time to allow one check to run
                                       (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
      --help                           Print usage
  -h, --hostname string                Container host name
      --init                           Run an init inside the container that
                                       forwards signals and reaps processes
  -i, --interactive                    Keep STDIN open even if not attached
      --ip string                      IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
      --ip6 string                     IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
      --ipc string                     IPC mode to use
      --isolation string               Container isolation technology
      --kernel-memory bytes            Kernel memory limit
  -l, --label list                     Set meta data on a container
      --label-file list                Read in a line delimited file of labels
      --link list                      Add link to another container
      --link-local-ip list             Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses
      --log-driver string              Logging driver for the container
      --log-opt list                   Log driver options
      --mac-address string             Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
  -m, --memory bytes                   Memory limit
      --memory-reservation bytes       Memory soft limit
      --memory-swap bytes              Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to
                                       enable unlimited swap
      --memory-swappiness int          Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100)
                                       (default -1)
      --mount mount                    Attach a filesystem mount to the container
      --name string                    Assign a name to the container
      --network network                Connect a container to a network
      --network-alias list             Add network-scoped alias for the container
      --no-healthcheck                 Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
      --oom-kill-disable               Disable OOM Killer
      --oom-score-adj int              Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
      --pid string                     PID namespace to use
      --pids-limit int                 Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
      --platform string                Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
      --privileged                     Give extended privileges to this container
  -p, --publish list                   Publish a container's port(s) to the host
  -P, --publish-all                    Publish all exposed ports to random ports
      --pull string                    Pull image before running
                                       ("always"|"missing"|"never") (default "missing")
      --read-only                      Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
      --restart string                 Restart policy to apply when a container
                                       exits (default "no")
      --rm                             Automatically remove the container when it exits
      --runtime string                 Runtime to use for this container
      --security-opt list              Security Options
      --shm-size bytes                 Size of /dev/shm
      --sig-proxy                      Proxy received signals to the process
                                       (default true)
      --stop-signal string             Signal to stop a container (default "SIGTERM")
      --stop-timeout int               Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
      --storage-opt list               Storage driver options for the container
      --sysctl map                     Sysctl options (default map[])
      --tmpfs list                     Mount a tmpfs directory
  -t, --tty                            Allocate a pseudo-TTY
      --ulimit ulimit                  Ulimit options (default [])
  -u, --user string                    Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
      --userns string                  User namespace to use
      --uts string                     UTS namespace to use
  -v, --volume list                    Bind mount a volume
      --volume-driver string           Optional volume driver for the container
      --volumes-from list              Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
  -w, --workdir string                 Working directory inside the container

run的执行流程为：

三、docker容器命令

1.查看正在运行容器列表

 docker ps [OPTIONS]

Usage:  docker ps [OPTIONS]

List containers

Options:
  -a, --all             Show all containers (default shows just running)
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided
      --format string   Pretty-print containers using a Go template
  -n, --last int        Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
  -l, --latest          Show the latest created container (includes all states)
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
  -q, --quiet           Only display container IDs
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes

-a 查看所有容器

docker ps -a

-n 个数 列出最近创建的容器

docker ps -n 2

-aq 显示所有运行过的容器的id

docker ps -aq

2.删除容器

rm -f 容器id 删除容器

docker rm -f 0150f4c51f21

rm -f $(docker ps -aq) 删除所有docker容器

docker ps -aq|xargs docker rm -f 也可以删除所有的容器

docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)

docker ps -aq|xargs docker rm -f 

3.启动容器

start 容器id 启动容器

docker start e8sdzx524

restart 容器id 重启容器

docker restart e8sdzx524

stop 容器id  停止容器

docker stop e8sdzx524

当使用docker stop 无法停止时，可以使用docker kill 直接杀掉

docker kill ec8626df668c

4. 查看日志命令

docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Usage:  docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Fetch the logs of a container

Options:
      --details        Show extra details provided to logs
  -f, --follow         Follow log output
      --since string   Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or
                       relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
  -n, --tail string    Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default
                       "all")
  -t, --timestamps     Show timestamps
      --until string   Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z)
                       or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)

查看启动容器的最新num行的日志

docker logs -tf --tail num 容器id

例如：

 docker logs -tf --tail 10 ec8626df668c

5. 查看容器的进程信息

docker top 容器id

6.重新打开一个终端的方式进入docker

docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

Usage:  docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

Run a command in a running container

Options:
  -d, --detach               Detached mode: run command in the background
      --detach-keys string   Override the key sequence for detaching a container
  -e, --env list             Set environment variables
      --env-file list        Read in a file of environment variables
  -i, --interactive          Keep STDIN open even if not attached
      --privileged           Give extended privileges to the command
  -t, --tty                  Allocate a pseudo-TTY
  -u, --user string          Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
  -w, --workdir string       Working directory inside the container

7.进入容器中正在运行的终端

docker attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Usage:  docker attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container

Options:
      --detach-keys string   Override the key sequence for detaching a container
      --no-stdin             Do not attach STDIN
      --sig-proxy            Proxy all received signals to the process (default true)

8.从容器内拷贝文件到主机上

docker cp 容器id:容器文件路径 本地文件路径

例如：

docker cp ec8626df668c:/opt/test.txt /opt/test.txt

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各大互联网大厂面试真题。从基础到入阶乃至原理刨析类面试题 应有尽有，赶快来装备自己吧！助你面试稳操胜券，solo全场面试官

---

点关注，防走丢，如有纰漏之处，请留言指教，非常感谢

以上就是本期全部内容。我是fanstuck ，有问题大家随时留言讨论 ，我们下期见。

参阅

docker 常用命令大全

网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化资料的朋友，可以戳这里获取

一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！

cp ec8626df668c:/opt/test.txt /opt/test.txt

> 
> 很多学Python伙伴问题有没有体系的面试题？  
>  今天为大家推荐一款刷题神奇哦 ：[刷题面试神器牛客](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618545628)  
>  各大互联网大厂面试真题。从基础到入阶乃至原理刨析类面试题 应有尽有，赶快来装备自己吧！助你面试稳操胜券，solo全场面试官 
> 
> 
> 




---


### 点关注，防走丢，**如有纰漏之处，请留言指教，非常感谢**


以上就是本期全部内容。我是fanstuck ，有问题大家随时留言讨论 ，我们下期见。


## 参阅


[docker 常用命令大全](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618545628)



[外链图片转存中...(img-QoLhZcy7-1715670529392)]
[外链图片转存中...(img-vG5rZdNW-1715670529392)]

**网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。**

**[需要这份系统化资料的朋友，可以戳这里获取](https://bbs.csdn.net/topics/618545628)**


**一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！**