technical questions-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_73152629/article/details/142583441

Basic Knowledge
(1) Please briefly describe the main types and purposes of software testing.
(2) What are black-box testing and white-box testing? What are the differences between them?
(3) What testing tools are you familiar with? Please list a few and explain their purposes.
Testing Methods
(1) What do you typically include in a test plan?
(2) What are smoke testing and regression testing? What role do they play in the testing process?
(3) Please explain the differences between unit testing, integration testing, and system testing.
Programming and Automation
(1) What programming languages have you used for test automation?
(2) Please describe the design process of an automation testing framework you’ve been involved in.
(3) How do you choose the appropriate test cases for automation?
Troubleshooting
(1) How do you document and report a defect when you find one?
(2) Please provide an example of a complex issue you’ve resolved and explain how you identified and fixed it.
Performance Testing
(1) What is your understanding of performance testing? What are some commonly used tools?
(2) How do you assess the performance bottlenecks of a system?
Team Collaboration
(1) How do you communicate with developers in a team to ensure defects are fixed in a timely manner?
(2) How do you handle disagreements with team members?
Continuous Integration and Delivery
(1) Please explain the importance of Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Delivery (CD) in testing.
(2) How do you integrate testing into the CI/CD pipeline?
Miscellaneous
(1) What are your thoughts on Test-Driven Development (TDD) and Behavior-Driven Development (BDD)?
(2) How do you stay updated with new technologies and tools?
(3) What key skills do you think a good test developer should possess?

Basic Knowledge
(1) Main Types and Purposes of Software Testing:

Functional Testing: Verifies that the software application performs its intended functions and meets the specified requirements.
Non-Functional Testing: Evaluates the software's performance, reliability, usability, security, and other quality attributes.
Unit Testing: Validates the individual components or modules of the software to identify defects at the most granular level.
Integration Testing: Examines how different software components or modules interact with one another.
System Testing: Evaluates the software as a whole, ensuring the entire system meets the requirements and functions as intended.
Acceptance Testing: Validates that the software meets the customer's or end-user's acceptance criteria before deployment.

(2) Black-Box Testing and White-Box Testing:

Black-Box Testing: Focuses on the software's external behavior and functionality, without knowledge of the internal implementation details.
White-Box Testing: Involves testing the internal structure, logic, and implementation of the software, with access to the source code.

(3) Familiar Testing Tools and Their Purposes:

Selenium - Web application automation testing
JMeter - Performance testing
SonarQube - Code quality analysis
Postman - API testing
Jenkins - Continuous integration and deployment

Testing Methods
(1) Typical Contents of a Test Plan:

Test scope and objectives
Test environment and data requirements
Test case design and execution strategy
Defect management and reporting mechanisms
Test progress and quality monitoring metrics

(2) Smoke Testing and Regression Testing:

Smoke Testing: Verifies the basic functionality to ensure the build is stable and can proceed to more in-depth testing.
Regression Testing: Ensures that newly added features or bug fixes do not break the existing functionality.

(3) Differences between Unit, Integration, and System Testing:

Unit Testing: Validates the correctness of the smallest testable components (e.g., functions, classes).
Integration Testing: Examines the interactions and integration between different modules or components.
System Testing: Evaluates the entire system to ensure it meets the requirements and expected behavior.

Programming and Automation
(1) Programming Languages Used for Test Automation:

Common languages include Java, Python, JavaScript, C#, and others.

(2) Automation Testing Framework Design Process:

Determine the testing goals and scope
Select the appropriate automation tools and framework
Design reusable test cases and data
Develop flexible test scripts and reporting mechanisms
Integrate into the Continuous Integration/Deployment pipeline

(3) Criteria for Choosing Automated Test Cases:

High-frequency regression test cases
Complex scenarios and boundary condition tests
Tests for critical system functionality

Troubleshooting
(1) Documenting and Reporting Defects:

Provide detailed steps to reproduce the issue
Include relevant logs, screenshots, and other evidence
Determine the severity and priority of the defect
Track the fix progress and verify the resolution

(2) Resolving Complex Issues:

Analyze the information in the bug report to understand the scope of the problem
Investigate the application's behavior and logs to identify the root cause
Collaborate with developers to devise a solution
Implement and verify the fix through thorough testing

Performance Testing
(1) Understanding of Performance Testing and Common Tools:

Performance testing evaluates the software's responsiveness, stability, and scalability under different load conditions.
Common tools for performance testing include JMeter, LoadRunner, and Gatling.

(2) Assessing Performance Bottlenecks:

Identify and monitor key performance metrics (e.g., response time, throughput, resource utilization)
Analyze performance data and logs to pinpoint the areas causing performance issues
Conduct load and stress testing to simulate real-world scenarios and uncover bottlenecks

Team Collaboration
(1) Communicating with Developers to Ensure Timely Defect Fixes:

Provide clear and detailed bug reports with reproducible steps
Collaborate with developers to understand the root cause and discuss potential solutions
Establish regular check-ins to monitor the fix progress and provide feedback
Verify the fixes through retesting to ensure the issues are resolved

(2) Handling Disagreements with Team Members:

Listen to the different perspectives and try to understand the underlying concerns
Suggest a structured discussion to address the disagreement objectively
Focus on finding a mutually agreeable solution that aligns with the team's and organization's goals
Maintain a professional and respectful dialogue throughout the process

Continuous Integration and Delivery
(1) Importance of CI/CD in Testing:

CI/CD enables the automatic build, test, and deployment of software, improving efficiency and reducing manual errors.
Integrating testing into the CI/CD pipeline ensures that quality is verified at every stage of the development lifecycle.

(2) Integrating Testing into the CI/CD Pipeline:

Implement automated testing as part of the build and deployment process
Trigger different testing stages (unit, integration, system) based on defined criteria
Utilize tools like Jenkins, Travis CI, or Azure Pipelines to orchestrate the CI/CD workflow
Ensure test reports and coverage metrics are available for monitoring and analysis

Miscellaneous
(1) Thoughts on TDD and BDD:

Test-Driven Development (TDD) promotes writing tests before implementing the functionality, ensuring the code is designed for testability.
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) focuses on describing the desired behavior of the system from the user's perspective, which can guide the testing process.

(2) Staying Updated with New Technologies and Tools:

Regularly research and experiment with emerging testing tools and frameworks
Participate in online communities, attend conferences, and follow industry leaders
Continuously learn new programming languages and automation techniques
Apply the acquired knowledge to improve the testing processes within the organization

(3) Key Skills for a Good Test Developer: