1. 什么是AOP
AOP意味面向切面编程,利用AOP可以对业务逻辑的各个部分进行隔离,从而使得逻辑各部分之间的耦合度降低,提高程序的可重用性,同时提高了开发效率。可以让逻辑业务代码和非逻辑业务代码进行隔离。在不改变业务代码的前提下,可以增加新的非业务逻辑代码。
2. AOP应用场景
记录日志
权限校验
spring事务管理
3. AOP结构
1.从哪里切入,切入后在哪里执行;
2.什么时候切入,切入后是在代码前执行还是在代码后执行;
3切入后做什么事
4. 如何使用AOP
1. 通过路径模式获取
1.1 引用相关依赖
<dependencies>
<!--引入spring核心依赖库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--引入spring切面依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
1.2 创建spring配置文件spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--包扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ykq.aop"/>
<!--开启aop切面注解驱动-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
</beans>
1.3 创建一个切面类
@Component
@Aspect
public class UserAspect {
//定义为切点
@Pointcut(value = "execution(public void com.aop.User.*())")
public void t1(){}
@Before(value = "t1()")
public void t2(){
System.out.println("在user所有方法执行前打印");
}
}
1.4 测试
public class UserTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring.xml");
UserService userServiceImpl =(UserService) app.getBean("userServiceImpl");
userServiceImpl.select();
userServiceImpl.delect();
}
}
2. 注解模式获取
2.1 自定义注解
@Target(value = {ElementType.METHOD,ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface MyAnnotation {
String value() default "";
}
2.2 创建切面类
@Component
@Aspect
public class UserAspect {
// @Pointcut(value = "execution(public void com.aop.User.*())")
//定义为切点 使用自定义注解
@Pointcut(value = "@annotation(com.aop.MyAnnotation)")
public void t1(){}
//使用MyAnnotation前执行
@Before(value = "t1()")
public void t2(){
System.out.println("在user所有方法执行前打印");
}
}
2.3 测试
public class UserTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring.xml");
UserService userServiceImpl =(UserService) app.getBean("userServiceImpl");
userServiceImpl.select();
userServiceImpl.delect();
}
}
3. AOP切面通知类型
@Before前置通知,被代理的方法执行前--执行
@After: 后置通知: 被代理的方法执行完后--执行
@AfterReturning: 后置返回通知: 被代理的方法碰到return.--才会执行
@AfterThrowing: 后置异常通知: 当被代理的方法出现异常时--才会执行。
@Around: 环绕通知。
5. Spring如何操作事务
5.1 什么是事务
事务就是一系列的动作,被当作一个单独的工作单元,工作单元动作要么全部完成,要么回滚到执行前。
5.2 Spring实现事务
引入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.30</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring事务依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.15.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.9</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis和spring整合的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.7</version>
</dependency>
<!--druid的连接池-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.2.8</version>
</dependency>
<!--lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.28</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
spring配置文件spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--springmvc的配置-->
<!--包扫描 扫描org.example以及该包下的子包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.example"/>
<!--spring整合mybatis的配置-->
<!--数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<!--mysql驱动为8.0以后必须使用时区-->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/keqian?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</bean>
<!--spring封装了一个类SqlSessionFactoryBean类,可以把mybatis中的配置-->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--为指定dao包下的接口生产代理实现类-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sessionFactory"/>
<!--它会为org.example.dao包下的所有接口生产代理实现类-->
<property name="basePackage" value="org.example.dao"/>
</bean>
<!--事务切面管理器-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--开启事务管理注解的驱动-->
<tx:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
创建dao接口
public interface UserDao {
//修改账户余额
int update(@Param("id") Integer id,@Param("m") double m);
}
Usermapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="org.example.dao.UserDao">
<update id="update">
update tbl_student set m=m+#{m} where id = #{id}
</update>
</mapper>
service
public interface UserDaoService {
public int updatess(int id,int yid,double m);
}
@Service
public class UserDaoServiceImpl implements UserDaoService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Transactional
@Override
public int updatess(int id, int yid, double m) {
//扣除
userDao.update(id,-m);
//增加
userDao.update(yid,m);
return 1;
}
}
测试
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext a = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring.xml");
UserDaoService userDaoServiceImpl =(UserDaoService) a.getBean("userDaoServiceImpl");
userDaoServiceImpl.updatess(5,4,10);
}
}