某些类的解释
该代码是一个基于Elasticsearch的搜索功能的实现,主要包括以下几个类:
1. SearchRecord:搜索记录实体类,包含id和keyword两个属性,用于存储搜索记录。
2. SearchRepository:搜索记录的数据访问层,使用Elasticsearch的Java客户端RestHighLevelClient进行数据的增删改查操作。
3. RestHighLevelClient:Elasticsearch的Java客户端,用于与Elasticsearch进行交互。
4. IndexRequest:用于向Elasticsearch中索引数据的请求对象,包含索引名称、文档id和文档内容等信息。
5. IndexResponse:向Elasticsearch中索引数据的响应对象,包含索引名称、文档id和版本号等信息。
6. SearchRequest:用于向Elasticsearch中查询数据的请求对象,包含索引名称和查询条件等信息。
7. SearchSourceBuilder:用于构建查询条件的对象,包含各种查询方式,如matchQuery、termQuery等。
8. SearchResponse:向Elasticsearch中查询数据的响应对象,包含查询结果的各种信息,如命中数、查询耗时等。
9. SearchHit:查询结果中的一条记录,包含文档id、文档得分和文档内容等信息。
10. ObjectMapper:用于将Java对象转换为JSON字符串或将JSON字符串转换为Java对象的工具类。
正文:
工作场景:假设我们有一个电商网站,需要对用户的搜索行为进行记录和分析,以便提供更好的搜索体验和推荐服务。我们可以使用Elasticsearch来存储和分析用户搜索行为数据,使用Spring Cloud来构建微服务架构。
依赖简略表示:
- Spring Boot
- Spring Cloud
- Spring Data Elasticsearch
- Elasticsearch
代码详细表示:
1. 创建一个Spring Boot项目,并添加以下依赖:
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>
```
2. 配置Eureka和Zipkin:
```yaml
spring:
application:
name: search-service
cloud:
config:
uri: http://localhost:8888
fail-fast: true
discovery:
service-id: eureka-server
sleuth:
sampler:
probability: 1.0
zipkin:
base-url: http://localhost:9411
```
3. 创建一个Elasticsearch配置类:
```java
@Configuration
public class ElasticsearchConfig {
@Value("${elasticsearch.host}")
private String host;
@Value("${elasticsearch.port}")
private int port;
@Bean
public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient() {
RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(new HttpHost(host, port));
RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(builder);
return client;
}
}
```
4. 创建一个Elasticsearch数据访问层:
```java
@Repository
public class SearchRepository {
private final String INDEX_NAME = "search";
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
public void save(SearchRecord record) throws IOException {
IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest(INDEX_NAME);
request.id(record.getId());
request.source(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(record), XContentType.JSON);
IndexResponse response = client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
}
public List<SearchRecord> search(String keyword) throws IOException {
SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest(INDEX_NAME);
SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
sourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("keyword", keyword));
request.source(sourceBuilder);
SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
List<SearchRecord> records = new ArrayList<>();
for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
SearchRecord record = new ObjectMapper().readValue(hit.getSourceAsString(), SearchRecord.class);
records.add(record);
}
return records;
}
}
```
5. 创建一个搜索服务:
```java
@Service
public class SearchService {
@Autowired
private SearchRepository searchRepository;
public void save(SearchRecord record) throws IOException {
searchRepository.save(record);
}
public List<SearchRecord> search(String keyword) throws IOException {
return searchRepository.search(keyword);
}
}
```
6. 创建一个搜索控制器:
```java
@RestController
public class SearchController {
@Autowired
private SearchService searchService;
@PostMapping("/search")
public void save(@RequestBody SearchRecord record) throws IOException {
searchService.save(record);
}
@GetMapping("/search")
public List<SearchRecord> search(@RequestParam String keyword) throws IOException {
return searchService.search(keyword);
}
}
```
7. 启动Eureka、Zipkin和Elasticsearch服务,并启动搜索服务。然后可以使用Postman等工具进行测试。