黑马程序员关于Java中TCP的练习-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_73592039/article/details/142766359

TCP练习

练习一：多发多收

需求：

客户端：多次发送数据

服务器：接收多次接收数据，并打印

代码示例：

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10086);

        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();

        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入：");
            String str = sc.nextLine() + '\n';
            if ("886".equals(str)) {
                break;
            }
            os.write(str.getBytes());
        }
        os.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(10086);
        System.out.println("等待连接。。。");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("连接成功。。。");

        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        int b;
        while ((b = isr.read()) != -1) {
            System.out.print((char) b);
        }
        isr.close();
        serverSocket.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

练习二：接收并反馈

案例需求

客户端：发送数据，接受服务器反馈

服务器：收到消息后给出反馈
案例分析
- 客户端创建对象，使用输出流输出数据
- 服务端创建对象，使用输入流接受数据
- 服务端使用输出流给出反馈数据
- 客户端使用输入流接受反馈数据

代码实现


import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10086);

        socket.getOutputStream().write("你好帅".getBytes());
        socket.shutdownOutput();//因为服务器read方法需要一个一个结束标记，这里仅仅关闭输出流.并写一个结束标记,对socket没有任何影响
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        int b;
        while ((b = isr.read()) != -1) {
            System.out.print((char) b);
        }

        socket.close();


    }
}

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(10086);
        System.out.println("等待连接。。。");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("连接成功。。。");

        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        int b;
        while ((b = isr.read()) != -1) {
            System.out.print((char) b);
        }

        socket.getOutputStream().write("谢谢，你也很帅".getBytes());

        serverSocket.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

练习三：上传练习（TCP协议）

案例需求

客户端：数据来自于本地文件，接收服务器反馈

服务器：接收到的数据写入本地文件，给出反馈
案例分析
- 创建客户端对象，创建输入流对象指向文件，每读一次数据就给服务器输出一次数据，输出结束后使用shutdownOutput()方法告知服务端传输结束
- 创建服务器对象，创建输出流对象指向文件，每接受一次数据就使用输出流输出到文件中，传输结束后。使用输出流给客户端反馈信息
- 客户端接受服务端的回馈信息
相关方法

方法名说明
void shutdownInput() 将此套接字的输入流放置在“流的末尾”
void shutdownOutput() 禁止用此套接字的输出流

方法名	说明
void shutdownInput()	将此套接字的输入流放置在“流的末尾”
void shutdownOutput()	禁止用此套接字的输出流

代码实现

字节流只能传输图片，字符流传输文字



import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {


        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10086);

        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("D:\\Project\\idea-project\\java_xuexi\\Cilent\\图片1.png"));
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());

        int len;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {
            bos.write(bytes, 0, len);
        }
        bos.flush();
        socket.shutdownOutput();

        //接收服务器的回写数据
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        String s = br.readLine();
        System.out.println(s);

        socket.close();
    }
}


import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10086);

        Socket socket = ss.accept();
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();

        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\Project\\idea-project\\java_xuexi\\Server\\图片1.png"));
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {
            bos.write(bytes, 0, len);
        }
        bos.flush();
        bos.close();
        
        //回写数据
        BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
        bw.write("上传成功");
        bw.newLine();
        bw.close();

        ss.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

练习四：文件名重复



import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.UUID;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10086);

        Socket socket = ss.accept();
        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();

        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
        String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\Project\\idea-project\\java_xuexi\\Server\\" + fileName + ".png"));
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while ((len = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {
            bos.write(bytes, 0, len);
        }
        bos.flush();
        bos.close();
        //回写数据
        BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
        bw.write("上传成功");
        bw.newLine();
        bw.close();

        ss.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

练习五：服务器改写为多线程

服务器只能处理一个客户端请求，接收完一个图片之后，服务器就关闭了。

优化方案一：

使用循环

弊端：

第一个用户正在上传数据，第二个用户就来访问了，此时第二个用户是无法成功上传的。

所以，使用多线程改进

优化方案二：

每来一个用户，就开启多线程处理



import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {


        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10086);

        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("D:\\Project\\idea-project\\java_xuexi\\Cilent\\图片1.png"));
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());

        int len;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {
            bos.write(bytes, 0, len);
        }
        bos.flush();
        socket.shutdownOutput();

        //接收服务器的回写数据
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        String s = br.readLine();
        System.out.println(s);

        socket.close();
    }
}



import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10086);


        while (true) {
            //等待客户端连接
            Socket socket = ss.accept();
            //开启一条线程
            //一个用户就对应服务端的一条线程
            Thread thread = new Thread(new MyRunable(socket));
            thread.start();
            System.out.println("线程："+thread.getId());
        }


    }
}


import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.UUID;

public class MyRunable implements Runnable {
    Socket socket;

    public MyRunable(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {

        try {
            InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
            String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
            BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
            BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\Project\\idea-project\\java_xuexi\\Server\\" + fileName + ".png"));
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while ((len = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                bos.write(bytes, 0, len);
                bos.flush();
            }
            bos.close();

            //回写数据
            BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
            bw.write("上传成功");
            bw.newLine();
            bw.close();
            bw.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //释放资源
            if (socket != null) {
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }
    }
}

练习六：线程池改进

只需要修改服务端代码，添加一个线程池队列



import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10086);

        //创建线程池对象
        ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                3,//线程池中的线程数量
                16,//线程池中的最大线程数量
                60,//线程没有执行任务的时候，超过60秒就销毁
                TimeUnit.SECONDS,//时间单位
                new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(2),//队列
                Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),//线程工厂
                new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy()//拒绝策略
        );

        while (true) {
            //等待客户端连接
            Socket socket = ss.accept();
            //开启一条线程
            //一个用户就对应服务端的一条线程
//            Thread thread = new Thread(new MyRunable(socket));
//            thread.start();
//            System.out.println("线程：" + thread.getId());
            pool.submit(new MyRunable(socket));
        }


    }
}