mybatis总结

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已于 2023-03-21 08:38:06 修改

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于 2023-03-20 19:04:38 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_73686312/article/details/129673394

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1.什么是Mybatis?

MyBatis是一个优秀的持久层框架，它对jdbc操作数据库的过程进行封装，使开发者只需要关注 SQL 本身，而不需要花费精力去处理例如注册驱动、创建connection、创建statement、手动设置参数、结果集检索等jdbc繁杂的过程代码。

Mybatis通过xml或注解的方式将要执行的各种statement（statement、preparedStatemnt、CallableStatement）配置起来，并通过java对象和statement中的sql进行映射生成最终执行的sql语句，最后由mybatis框架执行sql并将结果映射成java对象并返回。

2.为什么需要Mybatis?

帮助程序员将数据存入到数据库中。

方便：

传统的JDBC代码太复杂了。简化、框架、自动化。

不用Mybatis也可以。更容易上手。

优点：

简单易学灵活

sql和代码的分离，提高了可维护性。

提供映射标签，支持对象与数据库的orm字段关系映射

提供对象关系映射标签，支持对象关系组建维护

提供xml标签，支持编写动态sql。

单表的增删改查

代码

1.创建测试的数据库

use mydb;
CREATE TABLE classInfo(
cid int primary key auto_increment,
cname varchar(20),
cinfo varchar(20)
);
INSERT INTO classInfo(cname,cinfo) VALUES('移动212','普通班级');
INSERT INTO classInfo(cname,cinfo) VALUES('移动213','优秀班级');
INSERT INTO classInfo(cname,cinfo) VALUES('移动214','优秀班级');
SELECT *FROM classInfo;

2.创建一个Java项目并导入mybatis框架的jar包（在项目中创建一个lib文件夹放入mybatis框架的jar包，并导入项目中）

3.创建跟表对应的实体类（在src中创建com.yun.bean包，然后创建User实体类）

package com.yun.bean;

public class User {
    private Integer cid;
    private  String cname;
    private  String  cinfo;

    public Integer getCid() {
        return cid;
    }

    public void setCid(Integer cid) {
        this.cid = cid;
    }

    public String getCname() {
        return cname;
    }

    public void setCname(String cname) {
        this.cname = cname;
    }

    public String getCinfo() {
        return cinfo;
    }

    public void setCinfo(String cinfo) {
        this.cinfo = cinfo;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "cid=" + cid +
                ", cname='" + cname + '\'' +
                ", cinfo='" + cinfo + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

4.创建针对表操作的接口类（在src中创建com.yun.dao包，然后创建UserDao的接口，然后在接口中定义针对数据库的增删改查等操作）

 package com.yun.dao;

import com.yun.bean.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao {
    //根据id查询
    User selectByuid(int cid);

    //全查
    List<User> selectAll();

    //添加
    int add(User user);

    //删除
    int delete(int cid);

    //修改
    int update(User user);

}

5.在接口的包中创建对应的mapper映射配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yun.dao.UserDao">
    <select id="selectByuid" resultType="com.yun.bean.User">
        select * from classInfo where cid=#{cid};
    </select>

    <select id="selectAll" resultType="com.yun.bean.User">
        select *from classInfo;
    </select>

    <insert id="add" parameterType="com.yun.bean.User">
        insert into classInfo(cname,cinfo) values(#{cname},#{cinfo});
    </insert>

    <delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
        delete from classInfo where cid=#{cid};
    </delete>

    <update id="update" parameterType="com.yun.bean.User">
        update classInfo set cname=#{cname},cinfo=#{cinfo}where cid=#{cid};
    </update>


</mapper>

6.在src目录中创建mybatis框架的核心配置文件(打印日志输出)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--配置属性集,下面需要读取配置文件key对应的value-->
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties" />
    <settings>
        <!--配置项目使用log4j的日志输出-->
        <setting name="logImpl" value="log4j"/>
    </settings>
    <typeAliases>
        <!--        <typeAlias type="com.qi.bean.User" alias="user"></typeAlias>-->
        <!--        <typeAlias type="java.lang.String" alias="string"></typeAlias>-->
        <!--加载com.qi.bean包中所有的类，给类默认起别名为类的名字但首字母小写-->
        <package name="com.yun.bean"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <environments default="mysql">
        <environment id="mysql">
            <transactionManager type="jdbc"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="pooled">
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <package name="com.yun.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

7.写入外部插件（在src里面创建log4j.properties）

log4j.rootLogger=TRACE,stdout  

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender   
#log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.err
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout   


log4j.appender.logfile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender   
log4j.appender.logfile.File=wocao.log   
log4j.appender.logfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout   
log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %F %p %m%n   
log4j.logger.mapperNS =TRACE

log4j.logger.com.mybatis=DEBUG  
log4j.logger.com.mybatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource=DEBUG   
log4j.logger.com.mybatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner=DEBUG   
log4j.logger.com.mybatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate=DEBUG   
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG  
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG  
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG  
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=DEBUG  

log4j.logger.org.springframework=error 
log4j.logger.org.apache=ERROR  
log4j.logger.org.mybatis=DEBUG

8.在src里面创建jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=root

9.在测试类中进行测试（书写代码）

 package com.yun.test;

import com.yun.bean.Stu;
import com.yun.bean.User;
import com.yun.dao.UserDao;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class UserText {
    InputStream stream=null;//字节输入流
    SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder=null;//构建器对象
    SqlSessionFactory factory=null;//工厂对象
    SqlSession sqlSession=null;//sqlSession对象，用来完成jdbc操作
    UserDao userDao=null;//接口对接

    @Before
    public void  init() throws IOException {
        stream= Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
        builder=new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        factory=builder.build(stream);
        sqlSession=factory.openSession();

        //根据类型创建对应的代理对象
        userDao=sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);

    }
    //根据id查询
    @Test
    public void textselectByid(){
        User user=userDao.selectByuid(2);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
    //全查
    @Test
    public  void textselectAll(){
        List<User> userList=userDao.selectAll();
        for (User user:userList){
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
    //添加
    @Test
    public  void textadd() {
        User user=new User();
        user.setCname("xx");
        user.setCinfo("xx");
        int n=userDao.add(user);
        if(n>0){
            System.out.println("添加成功");
        }
    }
    //删除
    @Test
    public  void textdelete(){
        int del=userDao.delete(5);
        if (del>0){
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        }
    }
    //修改
    @Test
    public void textupdate(){
        User oldUser =userDao.selectByuid(3);
        System.out.println("修改前:"+oldUser);
        oldUser.setCname("移动214");
        oldUser.setCinfo("优秀班级");
        userDao.update(oldUser);
        User newUser=userDao.selectByuid(3);
       System.out.println("修改后:"+newUser);
    }

    @After
    public void distory() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        stream.close();
    }
}

10.结果展示

全查

根据id查询

修改

添加

删除

两表联查一对一

1.在bean包中创建实体类

public class Dept {
    private Integer did;
    private String dname;
    private String dinfo;
 
    public Integer getDid() {
        return did;
    }
 
    public void setDid(Integer did) {
        this.did = did;
    }
 
    public String getDname() {
        return dname;
    }
 
    public void setDname(String dname) {
        this.dname = dname;
    }
 
    public String getDinfo() {
        return dinfo;
    }
 
    public void setDinfo(String dinfo) {
        this.dinfo = dinfo;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dept{" +
                "did=" + did +
                ", dname='" + dname + '\'' +
                ", dinfo='" + dinfo + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2.创建接口DeptDao实现根据id查询的接口

public interface DeptDao {
    Dept selectById(int did);
}

3.创建对应的mapper映射配置文件

    <select id="selectById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.qi.bean.Dept">
        select * from dept where did=#{did};
    </select>

4.在EmpDao中进行手动查询关联Dept,根据did查询创建查询id的接口

public interface EmpDao {
    Emp selectByEid(int eid);
 
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace：把配置文件和接口进行映射-->
<mapper namespace="com.qi.dao.EmpDao">
    <!--定义手动映射关系:数据库中字段 和 类的属性 的映射-->
    <resultMap id="empMap" type="emp">
        <id property="eid" column="eid"/>
        <result property="ename" column="ename" />
        <result property="job" column="job" />
        <result property="sal" column="sal" />
        <result property="phone" column="phone" />
        <result property="address" column="address" />
        <!--一对一的映射配置association:配置emp中 dept对象中的属性和表字段的对应关系-->
        <association column="did" select="com.qi.dao.DeptDao.selectById" property="dept">
        </association>
    </resultMap>
    
    <select id="selectByEid" parameterType="int" resultMap="empMap">
        select * from emp where eid=#{eid};
    </select>
</mapper>

5.进行测试（书写代码）

public class EmpTest {
    InputStream stream = null;
    SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = null;
    SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
    SqlSession sqlSession = null;
    EmpDao empDao= null;
 
    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        stream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
        builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        factory = builder.build(stream);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        empDao = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpDao.class);
    }
 
    @Test
    public void testSelectByeid(){
        Emp emp=empDao.selectByEid(2);
        System.out.println(emp);
    }
 
    @After
    public void destory() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        stream.close();
    }
}

6.结果展示

两表联查一对多

1.在Dept中创建集合

public class Dept {
    private Integer did;
    private String dname;
    private String dinfo;
    //一个部门包含多个员工，一对多关系就是定义集合
    List<Emp> emps;
 
    public List<Emp> getEmps() {
        return emps;
    }
 
    public void setEmps(List<Emp> emps) {
        this.emps = emps;
    }
 
    public Integer getDid() {
        return did;
    }
 
    public void setDid(Integer did) {
        this.did = did;
    }
 
    public String getDname() {
        return dname;
    }
 
    public void setDname(String dname) {
        this.dname = dname;
    }
 
    public String getDinfo() {
        return dinfo;
    }
 
    public void setDinfo(String dinfo) {
        this.dinfo = dinfo;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dept{" +
                "did=" + did +
                ", dname='" + dname + '\'' +
                ", dinfo='" + dinfo + '\'' +
                ", emps=" + emps +
                '}';
    }
}

2.Emp实体类

package com.qi.bean;
 
public class Emp {
    private Integer eid;
    private String ename;
    private String job;
    private double sal;
    private String phone;
    private String address;
    private Integer did;
 
    public Integer getDid() {
        return did;
    }
 
    public void setDid(Integer did) {
        this.did = did;
    }
//一对一关系的定义:把外键的did 定义为相关联的 对象
 
 
    public Integer getEid() {
        return eid;
    }
 
    public void setEid(Integer eid) {
        this.eid = eid;
    }
 
    public String getEname() {
        return ename;
    }
 
    public void setEname(String ename) {
        this.ename = ename;
    }
 
    public String getJob() {
        return job;
    }
 
    public void setJob(String job) {
        this.job = job;
    }
 
    public double getSal() {
        return sal;
    }
 
    public void setSal(double sal) {
        this.sal = sal;
    }
 
    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }
 
    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }
 
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
 
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
 
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Emp{" +
                "eid=" + eid +
                ", ename='" + ename + '\'' +
                ", job='" + job + '\'' +
                ", sal=" + sal +
                ", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                ", did=" + did +
                '}';
    }
}

3.根据did一对多查询在Dept接口中创建selectById方法

public interface DeptDao {
    Dept selectById(int did);
}

4.创建对应的mapper映射配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace：把配置文件和接口进行映射-->
<mapper namespace="com.qi.dao.DeptDao">
    <resultMap id="deptMap" type="com.qi.bean.Dept">
        <id property="did" column="did"/>
        <id property="dname" column="dname"/>
        <id property="dinfo" column="dinfo"/>
        <!--配置一对多关系:自动根据did去关联查询emp表中该did的信息-->
        <collection column="did" select="com.qi.dao.EmpDao.selectByDid" property="emps">
 
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="selectById" parameterType="int" resultMap="deptMap">
        select * from dept where did=#{did};
    </select>
</mapper>

5.把查询的Dept中的值赋值给emps集合中根据EmpDao中的did查询进行两表查询

public interface EmpDao {
 
    Emp selectByDid(int did);
}

6.对应的mapper映射配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace：把配置文件和接口进行映射-->
<mapper namespace="com.qi.dao.EmpDao">
    <!--定义手动映射关系:数据库中字段 和 类的属性 的映射-->
    <select id="selectByDid" resultType="com.qi.bean.Emp">
        select * from emp where did=#{did};
    </select>
</mapper>

7.进行测试（书写代码）

public class DeptTest {
    InputStream stream = null;
    SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = null;
    SqlSessionFactory factory = null;
    SqlSession sqlSession = null;
    DeptDao deptDao= null;
 
    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        stream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
        builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        factory = builder.build(stream);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        deptDao = sqlSession.getMapper(DeptDao.class);
    }
 
    @Test
    public void testSelectByDid(){
        Dept dept = deptDao.selectById(101);
        System.out.println(dept);
    }
    @After
    public void destory() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        stream.close();
    }
}

8.结果展示