5.2 按钮

一、按钮控件

常用属性

text：文本内容
textSize：文本尺寸
textColor：文本颜色
onClick：单击事件（用于绑定事件处理方法）

二、图像视图

常用属性

src：源（用于设置图片源）
background：背景（用于设置背景图片）
scaleType：缩放类型（）
tint（蒙版）

三、图像按钮

常用属性

src：源（用于设置图片源）
background：背景（用于设置背景图片）

四、案例演示

（1）获得图像尺寸

• 通过图像视图对象的getLayoutParams()方法得到布局参数对象，然后再利用布局参数对象提供的width与height属性即可获得图像的尺寸。
• imageWidth = ivBear.getLayoutParams().width;
• imageHeight = ivBear.getLayoutParams().height;

（2）设置图像尺寸

• 通过图像视图对象的setLayoutParams()方法来设置，必须要传入一个布局参数对象，而该布局参数对象初始化时传入新的图像尺寸。
  ivBear.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(newWidth, newHeight));

（3）步骤

1、创建安卓应用【ZoomImageByButton】

2、添加图片

3、字符串资源文件strings.xml

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">通过按钮缩放图片</string>
    <string name="enlarge_image">放大图片</string>
    <string name="shrink_image">缩小图片</string>
</resources>

4、主布局资源文件activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center_horizontal"
    android:background="@drawable/background"
    android:padding="10dp"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:gravity="center">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_enlarge_image"
            android:onClick="doEnlargeImage"
            android:text="@string/enlarge_image"
            android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_shrink_image"
            android:onClick="doShrinkImage"
            android:text="@string/shrink_image"
            android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
        <ImageButton
            android:id="@+id/btn_exit"
            android:onClick="doExit"
            android:layout_width="40dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="@drawable/exit"
            />
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center">
        <ImageView
        	android:id="@+id/ivBear"
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="300dp"
            android:src="@drawable/mickey"/>
    </LinearLayout>




</LinearLayout>

5、主界面类MainActivity

package net.ls.zoomimagebybutton;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ImageView ivMickey;
    private double imageWidth;
    private double imageHeight;
    private double screenWidth;
    private double screenHeight;
    private double scale=0.95;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //通过资源标识符获取控件实例
        ivMickey = findViewById(R.id.iv_mickey);
        //获得屏幕尺寸
        screenWidth = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();
        screenHeight = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();
        //获得图像大小
        imageWidth = ivMickey.getLayoutParams().width;
        imageHeight = ivMickey.getLayoutParams().height;

    }

    /**
     * 【放大图片】按钮单击事件处理方法
     *
     * @param view
     */
    public void doEnlargeImage(View view){
        int newWidth = (int)(imageWidth / scale);
        int newHeight = (int) (imageHeight / scale);
        if (ivMickey.getLayoutParams().width<screenWidth){
            ivMickey.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(newWidth,newHeight));
            imageWidth = ivMickey.getLayoutParams().width;
            imageHeight = ivMickey.getLayoutParams().height;
        }else {
            Toast.makeText(this,"温馨提示：图片不能再放大，要不然就出界咯！",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

    }
    public void doShrinkImage(View view){
        //获取图像新尺寸
        int newWidth = (int)(imageWidth * scale);
        int newHeight = (int) (imageHeight * scale);
        //按新尺寸设置图像（不能缩小为零，否则不能再放大）
        if (newWidth >50){
            //按新尺寸设置图像
            ivMickey.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(newWidth,newHeight));
            //更新图像尺寸变量
            imageWidth = ivMickey.getLayoutParams().width;
            imageHeight = ivMickey.getLayoutParams().height;
        }else {
            Toast.makeText(this,"温馨提示：图片不能再缩小，要不然看不见咯！",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 退出应用程序
     *
     * @param view
     */
    public void doExit(View view){
        finish();
    }
}

6、启动应用，查看效果

五、练习任务（按钮（手势）切换图片，zoomctrols实现缩放）

1、创建应用ZoomAndSwitch

2、放入图片

3、string文件

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">图片缩放与切换</string>
    <string name="switcher">切换图片</string>
</resources>

4、主布局资源文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:padding="20dp"
    android:gravity="center_horizontal"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="imageSwitch"
        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
        android:text="@string/switcher"/>
    <ZoomControls
        android:id="@+id/zoomContols"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imgControls"
        android:layout_width="200dp"
        android:layout_height="300dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:src="@drawable/img1"/>



</LinearLayout>

5、主界面代码

• 声明控件变量
  

• 实例化控件
  

• 缩小图片
  

• 放大图片
  

• 按钮切换图片
  

• 手势切换图片
  

• 源代码查看

package net.ls.zoomandswitch;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.GestureDetector;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.ZoomControls;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    //声明变量
    private ZoomControls zoomControls;
    private ImageView imgControls;
    private int addcount;
    private double imageWidth;
    private double imageHeight;
    private double screenWidth;
    private double screenHeight;
    private double zoomScale=0.95;
    private GestureDetector detector;
    private int[] imgIds;
    private int imgIndex;
    private final static int IMG_COUNT=10;
    private final  static String TAG="hwork18";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //获取实例化对象
        zoomControls = findViewById(R.id.zoomContols);
        imgControls = findViewById(R.id.img_Controls);
        //获取图像尺寸
        imageWidth = imgControls.getLayoutParams().width;
        imageHeight = imgControls.getLayoutParams().height;
        //获取屏幕尺寸
        screenWidth = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();
        screenHeight = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();
        zoomControls.setOnZoomOutClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //获取图像新尺寸
                int newWidth = (int)(imageWidth * zoomScale);
                int newHeight = (int)(imageHeight*zoomScale);
                //按新尺寸设置图像
                if(newWidth>50){
                    imgControls.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(newWidth,newHeight));
                    //重新获得图像尺寸
                    imageWidth = imgControls.getLayoutParams().width;
                    imageHeight = imgControls.getLayoutParams().height;
                }else {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"温馨提示：图片不能再缩小，要不然看不见咯！",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
            }
        });
        zoomControls.setOnZoomInClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //获取图像新尺寸
                int newWidth = (int)(imageWidth / zoomScale);
                int newHeight = (int)(imageHeight/zoomScale);
                //按新尺寸设置图像
                if(newWidth<screenWidth){
                    imgControls.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(newWidth,newHeight));
                    //重新获得图像尺寸
                    imageWidth = imgControls.getLayoutParams().width;
                    imageHeight = imgControls.getLayoutParams().height;
                }else {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"温馨提示：图片不能再放大，要不然看不见咯！",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
            }
        });
        imgIds = new int[IMG_COUNT];
        for (int i=0;i<IMG_COUNT;i++){
            imgIds[i] = getResources().getIdentifier("img"+(i+1),
                    "drawable",
                    "net.ls.zoomandswitch");
        }
        detector = new GestureDetector(new GestureDetector.OnGestureListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onDown(MotionEvent e) {
                Log.i(TAG,"onDown");
                return false;
            }

            @Override
            public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {
                Log.i(TAG,"onShowPress");
            }

            @Override
            public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
                Log.i(TAG,"onSingleTapup");
                return false;
            }

            @Override
            public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
                Log.i(TAG,"onScroll");
                return false;
            }

            @Override
            public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
                Log.i(TAG,"onLongPress");

            }

            @Override
            public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
                Log.i(TAG,"onFling");
                if (e2.getX()<e1.getX()-10){
                    if (imgIndex<IMG_COUNT-1){
                        imgIndex++;
                    }
                else {
                    imgIndex = 0;
                }
                }
                if (e2.getX()>e1.getX()+10){
                    if (imgIndex>0){
                        imgIndex--;
                    }
                    else {
                        imgIndex = IMG_COUNT-1;
                    }
                }
                imgControls.setImageResource(imgIds[imgIndex]);
                return false;
            }

        });
    }
    /**
     * 将触摸事件交给手势侦测器来处理
     */
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){
        return detector.onTouchEvent(event);
    }
    public void imageSwitch(View view){
        int [] imgs = new int[10];
        for (int i=0;i<imgs.length;i++){
            imgs[i]=getResources().getIdentifier("img"+(i+1),
                    "drawable",
                    "net.ls.zoomandswitch");
        }
        int index= ++addcount % imgs.length;
        imgControls.setImageResource(imgs[index]);
    }
}

6、运行应用查看效果