本次会提供测试代码,他家可以自己敲一敲看一看就知道这个怎么用,是什么了,纸上得来终觉浅,觉知此事需躬行。
if语句
基本if-else语句
当条件成立时,执行某些语句;否则执行另一些语句。
测试代码:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int a = sc.nextInt();
if (a > 5) {
System.out.printf("%d is big!\n", a);
System.out.printf("%d + 1 = %d\n", a, a + 1);
} else {
System.out.printf("%d is small!\n", a);
System.out.printf("%d - 1 = %d\n", a, a - 1);
}
}
}
else 语句可以省略:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int a = sc.nextInt();
if (a > 5) {
System.out.printf("%d is big!\n", a);
System.out.printf("%d + 1 = %d\n", a, a + 1);
}
}
}
当只有一条语句时,大括号可以省略:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int a = sc.nextInt();
if (a > 5)
System.out.printf("%d is big!\n", a);
else
System.out.printf("%d is small!\n", a);
}
}
if-else语句内部也可以是if-else语句。
测试代码:输入三个整数,输出三个数中最大的那个
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int a = sc.nextInt(), b = sc.nextInt(), c = sc.nextInt();
if (a > b) {
if (a > c)
System.out.println(a);
else
System.out.println(c);
} else {
if (b > c)
System.out.println(b);
else
System.out.println(c);
}
}
}
常用比较运算符
测试代码:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int a = sc.nextInt(), b = sc.nextInt();
if (a > b) System.out.printf("%d > %d\n", a, b);
if (a >= b) System.out.printf("%d >= %d\n", a, b);
if (a < b) System.out.printf("%d < %d\n", a, b);
if (a <= b) System.out.printf("%d <= %d\n", a, b);
if (a == b) System.out.printf("%d == %d\n", a, b);
if (a != b) System.out.printf("%d != %d\n", a, b);
}
}
if-else连写:
测试代码:输入一个0到100之间的分数,
如果大于等于85,输出A;
如果大于等于70并且小于85,输出B;
如果大于等于60并且小于70,输出C;
如果小于60,输出 D;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int s = sc.nextInt();
if (s >= 85) {
System.out.println("A");
} else if (s >= 70) {
System.out.println("B");
} else if (s >= 60) {
System.out.println("C");
} else {
System.out.println("D");
}
}
}
条件表达式
例题:输入三个数,输出三个数中的最大值。
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int a = sc.nextInt(), b = sc.nextInt(), c = sc.nextInt();
if (a >= b && a >= c)
System.out.println(a);
else if (b >= a && b >= c)
System.out.println(b);
else
System.out.println(c);
}
}
switch 语句
注意: swtich语句中如果不加break语句,则从上到下匹配到第一个case后,会顺次执行后面每个case中的语句。
测试代码:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int day = sc.nextInt();
String name;
switch(day) {
case 1:
name = "Monday";
break;
case 2:
name = "Tuesday";
break;
case 3:
name = "Wednesday";
break;
case 4:
name = "Thursday";
break;
case 5:
name = "Friday";
break;
case 6:
name = "Saturday";
break;
case 7:
name = "Sunday";
break;
default:
name = "not valid";
}
System.out.println(name);
}
}