区块链操作指南（本地版）-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_74110036/article/details/140706419

区块链部署指南

1. 创建Truffle项目，初始化Truffle项目

mkdir my-project
cd my-project
truffle init

初始化之后会生成几个文件夹，以下均在Truffle项目中执行

2. 编写智能合约（sol文件，可以根据自己需要使用自己的智能合约），并将写好的sol文件存储到/contracts,还需要在/migrations编辑迁移文件

以下以存储数据库数据的智能合约(sol文件)为例

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

//DataStorage就是合约的名字，即编译成功后的文件名，在迁移文件也要用到
contract DataStorage {
    struct Data {
        uint256 id;
        string dataType;
        string way;
        string acqTime;
        string place;
        string temperature;
        string pressure;
        string altitude;
        address owner;
        bool isDeleted;
    }

    mapping(uint256 => Data) private dataStore;
    uint256 private dataCounter;

    // Event emitted when data is stored
    event DataStored(uint256 indexed dataId, address indexed owner);

    // Function to store data
    function storeData(
        string memory dataType,
        string memory way,
        string memory acqTime,
        string memory place,
        string memory temperature,
        string memory pressure,
        string memory altitude
    ) public returns (uint256) {
        dataCounter++;
        dataStore[dataCounter] = Data({
            id: dataCounter,
            dataType: dataType,
            way: way,
            acqTime: acqTime,
            place: place,
            temperature: temperature,
            pressure: pressure,
            altitude: altitude,
            owner: msg.sender,
            isDeleted: false
        });
        emit DataStored(dataCounter, msg.sender);
        return dataCounter;
    }

    // Function to retrieve data
    function retrieveData(uint256 id) public view returns (
        uint256,
        string memory,
        string memory,
        string memory,
        string memory,
        string memory,
        string memory,
        string memory,
        address,
        bool
    ) {
        require(dataStore[id].owner == msg.sender, "Not authorized to access this data");
        Data storage data = dataStore[id];
        return (
            data.id,
            data.dataType,
            data.way,
            data.acqTime,
            data.place,
            data.temperature,
            data.pressure,
            data.altitude,
            data.owner,
            data.isDeleted
        );
    }

    // Function to share data with another user
    function shareData(uint256 id, address newOwner) public {
        require(dataStore[id].owner == msg.sender, "Not authorized to share this data");
        dataStore[id].owner = newOwner;
    }

    // Function to delete data
    function deleteData(uint256 id) public {
        require(dataStore[id].owner == msg.sender, "Not authorized to delete this data");
        dataStore[id].isDeleted = true;
    }
}

迁移文件示例

const DataStorage = artifacts.require("DataStorage"); //DataStorage sol文件中有提到
const Test = artifacts.require("Test");

module.exports = function (deployer) {
  deployer.deploy(DataStorage);  //与上面的同步
};

3. 编译并部署智能合约，在项目中/build/contracts文件夹中生成

**注：truffle compile编译智能合约，进行truffle migrate部署智能合约之前需要先打开Ganacha，并在truffle项目文件中调整好配置（truffle-config.js）

truffle compile
truffle migrate    //该命令仅限于在本地区块链（ganache）测试时使用

// truffle-config.js
module.exports = {
  networks: {
    development: {
      host: "127.0.0.1",     // Localhost (default: ganache)
      port: 7545,            // 根据Ganacha可视化界面中的端口号设定，默认为7545
      network_id: "*",       // 设置为"*",即可连接所有
    },
  },
  compilers: {
    solc: {
      version: "0.8.0",    // Specify compiler version
    },
  },
};

4. 提取编译文件(.json)的.abi和.bin文件

**在编译出的文件中，找到.abi和.bin两部分，填写到java或者go项目中（这里以java为例）

5. 在java项目中安装配置web3j，使用web3j命令生成Java类

web3j solidity generate -a D:\javaweb\project\UnderwaterDataManagement-backend\build\contracts\DataStorage.abi -b D:\javaweb\project\UnderwaterDataManagement-backend\build\contracts\DataStorage.bin -o D:\javaweb\project\UnderwaterDataManagement-backend\src\main\java -p com.guanzhi.springbootinit.utils