178 折线图-柱形图-饼状图

1.折线图

• 1、QChart 类继承自 QGraphicsWidget，用于管理图表、图例和轴。
• 2、QValueAxis 类专门用来自定义图表中 X 和 Y 坐标轴。
• 3、QLineSeries 类专门用于折线图（曲线）的形式展示数据

//.pro
QT += core  gui charts

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QtCharts>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Widget();

    //自定义函数实现折线图
    void myselfLineSeriesFunc();

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H



//.c


#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    //调用此函数
    myselfLineSeriesFunc();
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

void Widget::myselfLineSeriesFunc()
{

    //实例化图表QChart对象
    QChart * chart = new QChart;

    chart->setTitle("全球各国军事增长折线图");

    ui->graphicsView->setChart(chart);

    //设置X坐标

    QValueAxis * axisX = new QValueAxis;

    axisX->setTitleText("年份");

    axisX->setRange(2017,2021);//设置范围

    //axisX->setTickCount(6);//这只刻度个数

    axisX->setLineVisible(true);

    axisX->setGridLineVisible(true);//设置网格线是否可见


    //设置Y坐标
    QValueAxis * axisY = new QValueAxis;

    axisY->setTitleText("军事(万亿:美元)");

    axisY->setRange(2000,10000);//设置范围

    axisY->setTickCount(5);//这只刻度个数

    axisY->setLineVisible(true);

    axisY->setGridLineVisible(true);//设置网格线是否可见

    //绘制折线图，设置序列
    QLineSeries * sris1 =new QLineSeries;

    sris1->setName("中国");

    sris1->setColor(QColor(255,0,0));//设置序列颜色值

    //添加数据点到序列
    sris1->append(2017,5000);
    sris1->append(2018,6500);
    sris1->append(2019,4900);
    sris1->append(2020,8000);
    sris1->append(2021,8900);
    sris1->append(2022,9000);


    QLineSeries * sris2 =new QLineSeries;

    sris2->setName("美国");

    sris2->setColor(QColor(0,255,0));//设置序列颜色值

    //添加数据点到序列
    sris2->append(2017,6500);
    sris2->append(2018,7300);
    sris2->append(2019,7500);
    sris2->append(2020,8000);
    sris2->append(2021,8700);
    sris2->append(2022,9200);


    QLineSeries * sris3 =new QLineSeries;

    sris3->setName("俄罗斯");

    sris3->setColor(QColor(0,0,255));//设置序列颜色值

    //添加数据点到序列
    sris3->append(2017,4000);
    sris3->append(2018,8000);
    sris3->append(2019,7900);
    sris3->append(2020,8000);
    sris3->append(2021,8200);
    sris3->append(2022,9500);

    //为QChart添加序列

    chart->addSeries(sris1);
    chart->addSeries(sris2);
    chart->addSeries(sris3);
    //将序列设置到坐标轴上

    chart->setAxisX(axisX,sris1);
    chart->setAxisY(axisY,sris1);

    chart->setAxisX(axisX,sris2);
    chart->setAxisY(axisY,sris2);

    chart->setAxisX(axisX,sris3);
    chart->setAxisY(axisY,sris3);


}

 

2.柱形图

• 1、QBarSet 类专用于条形图中的一组条形集。
• 2、QStackedBarSeries 类在 QChart 中用于创建堆积柱状图。
• 3、QBarCategoryAxis 类用于提供柱状图的轴。 

//.pro
QT       += charts


#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QChart>
using namespace QtCharts;

#include <QBarSet>
#include <QBarSeries>
#include <QBarCategoryAxis>
#include <QChartView>
#include <QValueAxis>
#include <QStackedBarSeries>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H





//.c


#include "mainwindow.h"

#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    //创建条形集对象
    QBarSet * ba = new QBarSet("bar");

    *ba<<560<<710<<599<<688<<701;

    QStackedBarSeries *sris = new QStackedBarSeries();

    sris->append(ba);

    QChart * chart = new QChart();

    chart->addSeries(sris);

    chart->setTitle("某某学校实验班高考成绩分数");

    QStringList strlist = {"小王","小李","小吴","小张","小赵"};

    //通过QBarCategoryAxis类将类型添加到图表的轴
    QBarCategoryAxis * axisX = new QBarCategoryAxis();

    axisX->append(strlist);

    axisX->setTitleText("考生姓名");

    chart->addAxis(axisX,Qt::AlignBottom);


    //通过QBarCategoryAxis类将类型添加到图表的轴
    QValueAxis * axisY = new QValueAxis();
    axisY->setRange(0,750);
    axisY->setTitleText("高考总分阶梯");
    chart->addAxis(axisY,Qt::AlignLeft);

    sris->attachAxis(axisX);
    sris->attachAxis(axisY);


    //图例展示
    chart->legend()->setVisible(false);//设置绘图区与图表边界
    chart->legend()->setAlignment(Qt::AlignBottom);

    //将图标显示到图表视图区
    QChartView * chartView = new QChartView(chart);
    MainWindow w;
    w.setWindowTitle("高考成绩--柱状图表展示");
    w.setCentralWidget(chartView);

    w.resize(800,500);
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

3.饼状图 

• 1、QPieSeries 类专用于提供饼图形状。
• 2、QPieSlice 类设置颜色。

//.pro
QT       += charts


#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QChart>
#include <QtCharts/QPieSeries>
#include <QtCharts/QPieSlice>
#include <QtCharts/QChartView>
using namespace QtCharts;
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H


//.cpp


#include "mainwindow.h"

#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    //创建饼状图对象
    QPieSeries *sris =  new  QPieSeries();

    //新建比例
    sris->append("70分以下:30%",30);
    sris->append("70分-85分:40%",40);
    sris->append("86分-99分:25%",25);
    sris->append("100分:5%",5);


    sris->setLabelsVisible();//设置标签属性，可见

    QPieSlice * sred = sris->slices().at(0);
    QPieSlice * sgree = sris->slices().at(1);
    QPieSlice * sblue = sris->slices().at(2);
    QPieSlice * sblack = sris->slices().at(3);

    sred->setColor(QColor(255,0,0,255));
    sgree->setColor(QColor(0,255,0,255));
    sblue->setColor(QColor(0,0,255,255));
    sblack->setColor(QColor(0,0,0,255));

    QChart * chart = new QChart();

    chart->addSeries(sris);

    chart->setTitle("饼图形状--班级考试百分制");

    QChartView *chartview = new QChartView(chart);



    MainWindow w;

    w.setCentralWidget(chartview);
    w.resize(600,600);
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}