Day06
yum功能(具备缓存功能)
yum优点:
rpm -ivh,需手动添加依赖,而yum不止执行安装,相当于rpm升级,自动处理依赖管理
源码安装 configure make && make install
[root@web2 ~]# ls -l /etc/yum.repos.d/ (查看现有的yum镜像仓库)
[root@web2 ~]# yum repolist all (查看所有的镜像文件)
[root@web2 ~]# tar -zcvf /etc/yum.repos.d/bak.tar.gz /etc/yum.repos.d/* (备份原有的镜像文件)
[root@web2 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
bak.tar.gz dvd.repo
[root@web2 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
[root@web2 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
bak.tar.gz
[root@peter ~]# yum clean all (清除缓存)
[root@web2 ~]# yum makecache (创建缓存)
[root@peter ~]# yum repolist (列出仓库信息)
[root@peter ~]# yum update (更新)
[root@peter ~]# yum list all (查看所有软件)
[root@peter ~]# yum list installed (列出已安装软件)
[root@peter ~]# yum list available (列出可安装软件)
[root@peter ~]# yum reinstall software (重新安装)
[root@peter ~]# yum remove software (卸载)
[root@peter ~]# yum info software (查看软件信息)
[root@peter ~]# yum history (查看系统中软件管理信息)
[root@peter ~]#yum history info 数字 (对该数字为id的信息进行显示)
本地yum源备份
1、找到源⽂件
2、将所有的repo⽂件做成压缩包,命名为repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost etc]# cd yum.repos.d/ # 当前在etc⽬录,跳转到yum.repos.d⽬录
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls #查看默认的源⽂件
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
mysql-community.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
mysql-community-source.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo mysql-communitydebuginfo.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# pwd
/etc/yum.repos.d
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# tar -zcvf repo.tar.gz ./*.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
3.删除所有的repo⽂件
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf ./*.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
repo.tar.gz
man配置文件
在linux系统中,给定一个配置文件,如何查询文件中每个选项的作用
#man 5 配置文件名称
man 5 yum.con
mount挂载的练习
- 创建挂载目录
[root@web2 ~]#mkdir /cd
2、临时挂载 -o:挂载方式,ro=readonly(仅读)rw=read and write
[root@web2 ~]#mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /cd
3、将光盘数据挂载到/mnt目录中,就可以在目录中读取光盘的数据
[root@web2 ~]# lsblk # 查看磁盘挂载情况
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sr0 11:0 1 8.8G 0 ro /cd
4、解除挂载
[root@localhost ~]# umount /cd
[root@localhost ~]# ls /cd/
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
"#sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
$#sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
"#centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
$#centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sr0 11:0 1 8.8G 0 rom
5、将挂载添加到开机自启文件中
[root@web2 ~]#chmod +x /etc/rc.local # 添加权限
[root@web2 ~]#vim /etc/rc.local # 法一:修改开机自启动文件
mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /cd
[root@web2 ~]#echo "mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /cd" >> /etc/rc.local # 法二:手动编写
[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /etc/rc.local
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 6⽉ 16 20:18 /etc/rc.local -> rc.d/rc.local
6、编写本地repo文件
[root@peter ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[root@peter ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///cd
gpgcheck=0 # 本地仓库不需要检测
enable=1
7、创建缓存,查看源列表
[root@web2 ~]#yum clean all # 清理缓存
[root@web2 ~]# yum makecache
[root@web2 ~]# yum repolist # 查看源仓库列表
8、测试
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q httpd # 查看是否安装httpd
httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove httpd # 卸载httpd
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q httpd # 再次查看是否安装httpd
未安装软件包 httpd
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q httpd
未安装软件包 httpd
# 缺少依赖,安装失败
⽹络yum源的分离
1、备份
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
2、下载新的 CentOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS 7
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls # 查看下载的⽂件
20240714001.repo CentOS-Base.repo repo.tar.gz
注意:wget报错处理无法解析主机或者无反应
root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
在网卡中查看DNS,如果没有8.8.8.8加一个DNS上去
DNS=8.8.8.8
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network
再次执行wget命令
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
3、运⾏ yum makecache⽣成缓存 yum clear
4、查看源
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all
epel源配置
5、再次安装httpd
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install httpd
[root@localhost ~]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=./soft/ samba
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/cache/yum
腾讯镜像
下载文件
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo
--2024-07-14 20:17:18--
http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.cloud.tencent.com (mirrors.cloud.tencent.com)...
101.227.191.8, 101.227.191.31, 114.80.12.245, ...
正在连接 mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
(mirrors.cloud.tencent.com)|101.227.191.8|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:1694 (1.7K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo”
100%
[======================================================================
>] 1,694 --.-K/s ⽤时 0s
2024-07-14 20:17:18 (275 MB/s) - 已保存 “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOSBase.repo” [1694/1694])
更新缓存
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
已加载插件:fastestmirror
正在清理软件源: extras local os updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
Other repos take up 112 M of disk space (use --verbose for details)
您在 /var/spool/mail/root 中有新邮件
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
extras
| 2.9 kB 00:00:00
local
| 3.6 kB 00:00:00
os
| 3.6 kB 00:00:00
updates
| 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/14): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db
| 253 kB 00:00:00
(2/14): local/group_gz
| 166 kB 00:00:00
(3/14): extras/7/x86_64/other_db
| 154 kB 00:00:00
(4/14): local/primary_db
| 5.9 MB 00:00:00
(5/14): local/filelists_db
| 6.9 MB 00:00:00
(6/14): local/other_db
| 2.5 MB 00:00:00
(7/14): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db
| 305 kB 00:00:01
(8/14): os/7/x86_64/group_gz
| 153 kB 00:00:00
(9/14): os/7/x86_64/primary_db
| 6.1 MB 00:00:03
(10/14): os/7/x86_64/other_db
| 2.6 MB 00:00:02
(11/14): os/7/x86_64/filelists_db
| 7.2 MB 00:00:06
(12/14): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db
| 15 MB 00:00:12
(13/14): updates/7/x86_64/other_db
| 1.6 MB 00:00:02
(14/14): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db
| 27 MB 00:00:20
元数据缓存已建立
epel源配置 (对官方和官网源的扩展,有些软件找不到)
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist all
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
20240714001.repo CentOS-Base.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo
repo.tar.gz
安装小火车
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install sl
[root@localhost ~]# sl
特定软件源配置nginx
移除epel源,如果不行就全清空
百度搜nginx的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo # 安装稳定版本
创建缓存
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
[root@localhost ~]# yum list|grep nginx
nginx.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0-1.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-geoip.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-geoip-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-image-filter-debuginfo.x86_64
1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-njs.x86_64 1:1.26.1+0.8.5-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-njs-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.26.1+0.8.5-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-perl.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-perl-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-xslt.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-module-xslt-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.26.1-2.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
nginx-nr-agent.noarch 2.0.0-12.el7.ngx
nginx-stable
安装并且检查
[root@localhost ~]# yum install nginx -y
启动服务
[root@localhost ~]# nginx
查看指令
[root@localhost ~]# whereis nginx
nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib64/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx
/usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
访问服务器
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed
and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -s stop # 停⽤nginx
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://localhost #访问测试
curl: (7) Failed connect to localhost:80; 拒绝连接
缓存某些软件到本地
- 修改配置文件:
[root@localhost ~]#vim /etc/yum.conf
[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releaserver # 定义软件包缓存路径
keepcache=1 # 修改为1,开启缓存
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
installonly_limit=5
bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?
project_id=23&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?
category=yum
distroverpkg=centos-release
2、测试 :卸载,然后安装tree,查看缓存文件
[root@localhost ~]#yum -y remove tree
[root@localhost ~]#yum -y install tree
[root@localhost ~]# find /var/cache/ -name "*tree*" -type #查找安装包
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/os/packages/tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
只下载不安装
[root@localhost ~]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=./soft
samba(Linux和unix上实现共享的软件)
[root@localhost ~]# ls soft/ # 存在.rpm文件
avahi-libs-0.6.31-20.el7.x86_64.rpm pytalloc-2.1.16-
1.el7.x86_64.rpm
cups-libs-1.6.3-52.el7_9.x86_64.rpm python-tdb-1.3.18-
1.el7.x86_64.rpm
gnutls-3.3.29-9.el7_6.x86_64.rpm samba-4.10.16-
25.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
libldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64.rpm samba-client-libs-4.10.16-
25.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
libtalloc-2.1.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm samba-common-4.10.16-
25.el7_9.noarch.rpm
libtdb-1.3.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm samba-common-libs-4.10.16-
25.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
libtevent-0.9.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm samba-common-tools-4.10.16-
25.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
libwbclient-4.10.16-25.el7_9.x86_64.rpm samba-libs-4.10.16-
25.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
nettle-2.7.1-9.el7_9.x86_64.rpm trousers-0.3.14-
2.el7.x86_64.rpm
pyldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
您在 /var/spool/mail/root 中有新邮件
自建yum仓库
- 安装createrepo制作仓库的软件并下载samba的安装包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install createrepo
[root@localhost ~]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=./soft samba
- 查看rpm⽂件
[root@localhost ~]#cd soft/
[root@localhost soft]# ls
folder mysqlcommunity-libs-8.4.1-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
mysql84-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
mysqlcommunity-libs-compat-8.4.1-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
mysql-community-client-8.4.1-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
3、安装createrepo制作仓库的软件
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install createrepo
4、把soft⽂件夹做成⼀个本地的自建仓库
[root@localhost ~]# createrepo ./soft/
[root@localhost ~]# cd soft/
[root@localhost soft]# ls
avahi-libs-0.6.31-20.el7.x86_64.rpm pytalloc-2.1.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
cups-libs-1.6.3-52.el7_9.x86_64.rpm python-tdb-1.3.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
5、在/etc/yum.repos.d/下创建soft.repo
[root@localhost soft]#vim /etc/yum.repos.d/soft.repo
[soft]
name=soft_local
gpgcheck=0
baseurl=file:///root/soft
enable=1
yum clean all
yum makecac
[root@localhost soft]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo # 删除其他仓库⽂件
[root@localhost soft]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/soft.repo # 配置仓库⽂件
6、建⽴缓存 yum clean all && yum makecache
[root@localhost soft]# yum clean all # 创建缓存
7、再次安装samba
[root@localhost soft]# yum -y install samba
## 练习
1.插⼊优盘,读取优盘数据
2.在vmware配置光盘iso⽂件,在linux系统中读取光盘⽂件
在vmware中装载centos7.6光盘镜像
3.配置阿⾥云yum仓库
(1)备份
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
(2)下载新的 CentOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS 7
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
# -O --output-document=文件,将数据写入此文件中。含义即为
将 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 文件中的数据写入到
/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo文件中,CentOS-Base.repo文件不需要事先创
建。
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls # 查看下载的⽂件
20240714001.repo CentOS-Base.repo repo.tar.gz
注意:wget报错处理无法解析主机或者无反应
root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
在网卡中查看DNS,如果没有8.8.8.8加一个DNS上去
DNS=8.8.8.8
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network
再次执行wget命令
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
(3)运行yum makecache生成缓存,然后清空内容 yum clear all
(4)查看源
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all
(5)再次安装httpd
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install httpd
[root@localhost ~]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=./soft/ samba
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/cache/yum
(6)最终效果如图,yum源更换为国内阿里镜像源后,yum 安装或更新包的速
度非常快,保持在几MB/s。
有时候用阿里的yum源,会出现问题,“Could not resolve host:
mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com; Unknown error”
此时,阿里云 yum 源域名无法解析,那么我们就要考虑将阿里yum源换成别的
源,比如清华yum源。替换CentOS的yum 源 为 国内的yum源--清华yum源。
4.配置清华镜像仓库
(1)备份
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
(2)创建 /etc/yum.repos.d/
touch /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
(3)向 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 写入清华大学yum源配置:
# CentOS-Base.repo
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
# CentOS-Base.repo
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
此时可以直接使用yum安装所需工具包。
5.配置腾讯镜像仓库
(1)下载文件
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo
--2024-07-14 20:17:18--
http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.cloud.tencent.com (mirrors.cloud.tencent.com)...
101.227.191.8, 101.227.191.31, 114.80.12.245, ...
正在连接 mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
(mirrors.cloud.tencent.com)|101.227.191.8|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:1694 (1.7K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo”
100%
[======================================================================
>] 1,694 --.-K/s ⽤时 0s
2024-07-14 20:17:18 (275 MB/s) - 已保存 “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOSBase.repo” [1694/1694])
(2)更新缓存
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
已加载插件:fastestmirror
正在清理软件源: extras local os updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
Other repos take up 112 M of disk space (use --verbose for details)
您在 /var/spool/mail/root 中有新邮件
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
extras
| 2.9 kB 00:00:00
local
| 3.6 kB 00:00:00
os
| 3.6 kB 00:00:00
updates
| 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/14): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db
| 253 kB 00:00:00
(2/14): local/group_gz
| 166 kB 00:00:00
(3/14): extras/7/x86_64/other_db
| 154 kB 00:00:00
(4/14): local/primary_db
| 5.9 MB 00:00:00
(5/14): local/filelists_db
| 6.9 MB 00:00:00
(6/14): local/other_db
| 2.5 MB 00:00:00
(7/14): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db
| 305 kB 00:00:01
(8/14): os/7/x86_64/group_gz
| 153 kB 00:00:00
(9/14): os/7/x86_64/primary_db
| 6.1 MB 00:00:03
(10/14): os/7/x86_64/other_db
| 2.6 MB 00:00:02
(11/14): os/7/x86_64/filelists_db
| 7.2 MB 00:00:06
(12/14): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db
| 15 MB 00:00:12
(13/14): updates/7/x86_64/other_db
| 1.6 MB 00:00:02
(14/14): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db
| 27 MB 00:00:20
元数据缓存已建立
6.自建仓库,包含 tree net-tools bash-completion nginx tree等包
(1)修改配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf
keepcache=1 #修改为1
- 卸载掉之前的软件
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove tree net-tools bash-completion nginx.x86_64
- 再安装tree net-tools bash-completion nginx,查看缓存⽂件
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install tree net-tools bash-completion nginx
(4)查找安装包
[root@localhost ~]# find /var/cache/ -name "*tree*" -type f
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/os/packages/tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# find /var/cache/ -name "*net-tools *" -type f
[root@localhost ~]# find /var/cache/ -name "*bash-completion *" -type f
[root@localhost ~]# find /var/cache/ -name "*nginx*" -type f
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/nginx-stable/packages/nginx-1.26.1-
2.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
(5)只安装不下载samba
[root@localhost ~]# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=./soft samba
(6)查看rpm⽂件
[root@localhost ~]#cd soft/
[root@localhost soft]# ls
folder mysqlcommunity-libs-8.4.1-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
mysql84-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
mysqlcommunity-libs-compat-8.4.1-1.el7.aarch64.rpm
mysql-community-client-8.4.1-1.el7.aarch64.rpm