prometheus的安装和grafana的可视化图形界面

m0_75022918

于 2024-07-24 19:28:43 发布

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文章标签： prometheus grafana 运维

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_75022918/article/details/140642381

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一准备以下软件包（告警 grafana可视化界面 node prometheus监控）并将包依次导入虚拟机中

二导入prometheus的tar包，将tar包存放在/usr/local路径下

[root@prometheus ~]# cd /usr/local
[root@prometheus local]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@prometheus local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz  sbin  share  src
[root@prometheus local]#

三解压tar包，重命名

bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz  sbin  share  src
[root@prometheus local]# tar zxvf prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz 
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/prometheus.yml
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/prometheus
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/consoles/
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/consoles/node-disk.html
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/consoles/node-overview.html
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/consoles/node-cpu.html
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/consoles/node.html
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/consoles/prometheus-overview.html
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/consoles/index.html.example
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/consoles/prometheus.html
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/LICENSE
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/promtool
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/console_libraries/
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/console_libraries/menu.lib
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/console_libraries/prom.lib
prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64/NOTICE
[root@prometheus local]# mv prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64 prometheus

四，切换到prometheus目录，备份prometheus.yml文件（以防万一）修改prometheus.yml文件，红线里面的换成虚拟机的IP地址

[root@prometheus local]# cd prometheus/
[root@prometheus prometheus]# ls
console_libraries  consoles  LICENSE  NOTICE  prometheus  prometheus.yml  promtool
[root@prometheus prometheus]# cp prometheus.yml prometheus.bak
[root@prometheus prometheus]# ls
console_libraries  consoles  LICENSE  NOTICE  prometheus  prometheus.bak  prometheus.yml  promtool
[root@prometheus prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml

设置Prometheus的用户组和用户都为root

[root@prometheus local]# chown -R root:root ./prometheus
[root@prometheus local]# ll
总用量 101752
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       134 6月  29 14:57 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 4月  11 2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 4月  11 2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 4月  11 2018 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 4月  11 2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 4月  11 2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 4月  11 2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root       154 7月  24 09:16 prometheus
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 104191695 7月  23 15:52 prometheus-2.53.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 4月  11 2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root        49 6月  29 17:49 share
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root        51 6月  29 14:55 src
[root@prometheus local]#

五设置开机自启动，创建prometheus.service,添加以下内容，保存退出

[root@prometheus prometheus]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@prometheus system]# vim prometheus.service

[Unit]
Description=Prometheus server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/usr/local/prometheus/data --web.external-url=http://0.0.0.0:9090

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重新加载配置文件，启动服务，可以看到我的服务以及启动了

[root@prometheus system]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@prometheus system]# systemctl start prometheus.service
[root@prometheus system]# systemctl status prometheus.service
● prometheus.service - Prometheus server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 二 2024-07-23 19:46:00 CST; 13h ago
 Main PID: 3319 (prometheus)
   CGroup: /system.slice/prometheus.service
           └─3319 /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --...

7月 24 07:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-23T23:00:22.376Z caller=compact.go:576 leve...alse
7月 24 07:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-23T23:00:22.379Z caller=head.go:1355 level=...96ms
7月 24 07:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-23T23:00:22.422Z caller=compact.go:514 leve...36ms
7月 24 07:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-23T23:00:22.423Z caller=db.go:1712 level=in...SNHC
7月 24 07:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-23T23:00:22.425Z caller=db.go:1712 level=in...R0BP
7月 24 07:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-23T23:00:22.426Z caller=db.go:1712 level=in...H1Y0
7月 24 09:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-24T01:00:22.383Z caller=compact.go:576 leve...alse
7月 24 09:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-24T01:00:22.385Z caller=head.go:1355 level=...73ms
7月 24 09:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-24T01:00:22.386Z caller=checkpoint.go:101 l...0000
7月 24 09:00:22 prometheus prometheus[3319]: ts=2024-07-24T01:00:22.403Z caller=head.go:1317 level=...51ms
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

六访问prometheus输入 http;//IP:9090,如下图所示，可以看到我们的状态已经是up状态,若是访问不到，可能是防火墙没有关闭

七下面安装node_exoprt 跟前面步骤差不多，简单一下步骤

[root@prometheus local]# ls //上传tar包
bin  games    lib    libexec                                 prometheus  share
etc  include  lib64  node_exporter-1.2.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz  sbin        src
[root@prometheus local]# tar zxvf node_exporter-1.2.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz  //解压tar包

[root@prometheus local]# mv node_exporter-1.2.2.linux-amd64 node_exporter //重命名
[root@prometheus local]# chown -R root:root ./node_exporter/  //切换用户组
[root@prometheus local]# cd node_exporter/
[root@prometheus node_exporter]# ls
LICENSE  node_exporter  NOTICE

创建node.service,便于后台启动，将以下内容添加到node.service中，创建位置/usr/lib/systemd/syetem/

[root@prometheus node_exporter]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/node.service 
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
Documentation=https:// prometheus.io/
After=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
Group=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重新加载配置文件，启动node.service

[root@prometheus node_exporter]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@prometheus node_exporter]# systemctl start node.service
[root@prometheus node_exporter]# systemctl status node.service
● node.service - node_exporter
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/node.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 三 2024-07-24 17:57:47 CST; 6s ago
 Main PID: 2660 (node_exporter)
    Tasks: 5
   CGroup: /system.slice/node.service
           └─2660 /usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...ne
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...me
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...ex
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...es
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...me
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...at
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...fs
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...fs
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.435Z ca...00
7月 24 17:57:47 prometheus node_exporter[2660]: level=info ts=2024-07-24T09:57:47.436Z ca...se
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

输入http://IP:9100访问网址

八添加node_exporter节点，修改配置文件prometheus.yml文件，保持退出

重启Prometheus

[root@prometheus prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml 
[root@prometheus prometheus]# ./promtool check config prometheus.yml  //检查yml文件是否有错误
Checking prometheus.yml
 SUCCESS: prometheus.yml is valid prometheus config file syntax

root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl restart prometheus.service

重新访问http://IP:9090,发现我的node_exporter节点加入到监控里面了

九安装告警装置配置qq告警监控（安装包不细说）

[root@prometheus local]# ll  
总用量 30144
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 30866868 7月  23 17:44 alertmanager-0.27.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
导包
[root@prometheus local]# tar zxvf alertmanager-0.27.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz  //解压


[root@prometheus local]# mv alertmanager-0.27.0.linux-amd64/ alertmanager //重命名


[root@prometheus local]# chown -R root:root ./alertmanager/ //用户名用户组

创建alertmanager.service,便于后台启动，将以下内容添加到node.service中，创建位置/usr/lib/systemd/syetem/

[Unit]
Description=Alertmanager
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重新加载配置文件，启动alertmanager.service

[root@prometheus alertmanager]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@prometheus alertmanager]# systemctl start alertmanager.service 
[root@prometheus alertmanager]# systemctl status alertmanager.service 
● alertmanager.service - Alertmanager
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 三 2024-07-24 18:25:02 CST; 6min ago
 Main PID: 3157 (alertmanager)
   CGroup: /system.slice/alertmanager.service
           └─3157 /usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager...

7月 24 18:25:02 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:02.663Z caller=main.go...)"
7月 24 18:25:02 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:02.663Z caller=main.go...)"
7月 24 18:25:02 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:02.670Z caller=cluster...94
7月 24 18:25:02 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:02.672Z caller=cluster...2s
7月 24 18:25:02 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:02.718Z caller=coordin...ml
7月 24 18:25:02 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:02.719Z caller=coordin...ml
7月 24 18:25:02 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:02.722Z caller=tls_con...93
7月 24 18:25:02 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:02.722Z caller=tls_con...93
7月 24 18:25:04 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:04.674Z caller=cluster...4s
7月 24 18:25:12 prometheus alertmanager[3157]: ts=2024-07-24T10:25:12.676Z caller=cluster...6s
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

访问http://IP:9093

十配置告警信息

1 修改alertmanager.yml ,添加告警方式（我这里是qq邮箱告警方式）

//修改内容，有不明白的的地方可以复制给豆包ai，它会一一解答字段的含义
[root@prometheus alertmanager]# cat alertmanager.yml 
global:
  resolve_timeout: 5s
  smtp_smarthost: 'smtp.qq.com:465' 
  smtp_from: '2678903673@qq.com' 
  smtp_auth_username: '2678903673@qq.com' 
  smtp_auth_password: 'skobfgldtttrdjfh' 
  smtp_require_tls: false 
route:
  group_by: ['alertname']
  group_wait: 3s
  group_interval: 10s
  repeat_interval: 10s
  receiver: 'email'
receivers:
- name: 'email'
  email_configs:
  - to: '2678903673@qq.com' 
    send_resolved: true
inhibit_rules:
  - source_match:
      severity: 'critical'
    target_match:
      severity: 'warning'
    equal: ['alertname','dev','instance']

查看alertmanager.yml是否正确

[root@prometheus alertmanager]# ./amtool check-config alertmanager.yml

2 添加要告警的主机以及节点(我是本机地址的node_exporte节点)

[root@prometheus local]# cd prometheus/  切换到prometheus目录上，修改yml文件

1 为告警地址

2 告警规则文件的路径

[root@prometheus prometheus]# vim rules.yml //创建rules.yml文件

[root@prometheus prometheus]# cat rules.yml  //文件内容
groups:
 - name: node_down_rules
   rules:
   - alert: NodeDown
     expr: up{instance="192.168.243.36:9100"} == 0
     for: 5s
     labels:
       node: 192.168.243.36
       severity: critical
     annotations:
       summary: "Node is down"
       description: "The node has been down for more than 1 minute."

检查yml文件是否正确，发现没有错误

[root@prometheus prometheus]# ./promtool check config prometheus.yml 
Checking prometheus.yml
  SUCCESS: 1 rule files found
 SUCCESS: prometheus.yml is valid prometheus config file syntax

Checking /usr/local/prometheus/rules.yml
  SUCCESS: 1 rules found

重启所有服务

[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl restart prometheus.service 
[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl restart node.service 
[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl restart alertmanager.service

查看网址，可以看到添加的告警条件

十一测试

关闭node_exporter节点，观察各网址的状态，并观察QQ邮箱是否受到告警通知

QQ邮箱收到通知，告警设置成功

十二安装grafana图形化界面

1 导入 rpm并安装

[root@prometheus prometheus]# yum install -y grafana-enterprise-10.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

2 启动grafana服务

[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl start grafana-server
[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl status grafana-server
● grafana-server.service - Grafana instance
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 三 2024-07-24 19:17:13 CST; 7s ago
     Docs: http://docs.grafana.org
 Main PID: 4123 (grafana)
    Tasks: 9
   CGroup: /system.slice/grafana-server.service
           └─4123 /usr/share/grafana/bin/grafana server --config=/etc/grafana/grafana.ini --...

7月 24 19:17:13 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=ngalert.state.manager t=2024-07-24T19:1...up"
7月 24 19:17:13 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=ngalert.state.manager t=2024-07-24T19:1…114µs
7月 24 19:17:13 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=ngalert.scheduler t=2024-07-24T19:17:13...10s
7月 24 19:17:13 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=ticker t=2024-07-24T19:17:13.502414485+...:00
7月 24 19:17:13 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=report t=2024-07-24T19:17:13.503575548+...e."
7月 24 19:17:13 prometheus systemd[1]: Started Grafana instance.
7月 24 19:17:13 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=caching.service t=2024-07-24T19:17:13.5...ed"
7月 24 19:17:13 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=ngalert.multiorg.alertmanager t=2024-07...er"
7月 24 19:17:14 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=grafana.update.checker t=2024-07-24T19:...6ms
7月 24 19:17:14 prometheus grafana[4123]: logger=plugins.update.checker t=2024-07-24T19:...2ms
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@prometheus prometheus]#

游览器输入网址http://IP:3000 账号密码为 admin admin

登录页面

导入数据源

导入dashboards

到此结束啦

m0_75022918

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prometheus的安装和grafana的可视化图形界面

创建alertmanager.service,便于后台启动，将以下内容添加到node.service中，创建位置/usr/lib/systemd/syetem/四，切换到prometheus目录，备份prometheus.yml文件（以防万一）修改prometheus.yml文件，红线里面的换成虚拟机的IP地址。创建node.service,便于后台启动，将以下内容添加到node.service中，创建位置/usr/lib/systemd/syetem/输入http://IP:9100访问网址。
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