[2021-06-11]PostgresSQL中如何获取源码中定义变量的大小

在分析PostgresSQL源码时，有时候需要知道某些结构体、变量的大小，如果只是从字面来看又无法确定变量的大小，那这个时候可以借助C语言来实现这需求，比如下面的结构体：

  typedef struct PageHeaderData
  {
          /* XXX LSN is member of *any* block, not only page-organized ones */
        PageXLogRecPtr pd_lsn;          /* LSN: next byte after last byte of xlog
                                                                 * record for last change to this page */
        uint16          pd_checksum;    /* checksum */
        uint16          pd_flags;               /* flag bits, see below */
        LocationIndex pd_lower;         /* offset to start of free space */
        LocationIndex pd_upper;         /* offset to end of free space */
        LocationIndex pd_special;       /* offset to start of special space */
        uint16          pd_pagesize_version;
        TransactionId pd_prune_xid; /* oldest prunable XID, or zero if none */
        ItemIdData      pd_linp[FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER]; /* line pointer array */
} PageHeaderData;

如果现在想知道ItemIdData变量占用几个字节？可以用如下的方式获取

cat get.c

get.c文件放在源码下的/src/include下面

#include "postgres.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <storage/bufpage.h>

typedef PageHeaderData P;
typedef ItemIdData I;

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{

//  typedef struct PageHeaderData
//  {
//          /* XXX LSN is member of *any* block, not only page-organized ones */
//        PageXLogRecPtr pd_lsn;          /* LSN: next byte after last byte of xlog
//                                                                 * record for last change to this page */
//        uint16          pd_checksum;    /* checksum */
//        uint16          pd_flags;               /* flag bits, see below */
//        LocationIndex pd_lower;         /* offset to start of free space */
//        LocationIndex pd_upper;         /* offset to end of free space */
//        LocationIndex pd_special;       /* offset to start of special space */
//        uint16          pd_pagesize_version;
//        TransactionId pd_prune_xid; /* oldest prunable XID, or zero if none */
//        ItemIdData      pd_linp[FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER]; /* line pointer array */
//} PageHeaderData;

        P p;
        I i;
        printf("pd_lsn=%d\n", sizeof(p.pd_lsn));
        printf("pd_checksum=%d\n", sizeof(p.pd_checksum));
        printf("pd_flags=%d\n", sizeof(p.pd_flags));
        printf("pd_lower=%d\n", sizeof(p.pd_lower));
        printf("pd_upper=%d\n", sizeof(p.pd_upper));
        printf("pd_special=%d\n", sizeof(p.pd_special));
        printf("pd_pagesize_version=%d\n", sizeof(p.pd_pagesize_version));
        printf("pd_prune_xid=%d\n", sizeof(p.pd_prune_xid));
        printf("ItemIdData=%d\n", sizeof(i));
        return 0;
}

使用PostgresSQL的头文件编译get.c文件

gcc -I`pg_config --includedir-server` -fPIC  -c get.c
gcc -o get get.o 

执行get文件

[postgres@postgres include]$ ./get
pd_lsn=8
pd_checksum=2
pd_flags=2
pd_lower=2
pd_upper=2
pd_special=2
pd_pagesize_version=2
pd_prune_xid=4
ItemIdData=4
[postgres@postgres include]$ 

这样就可以获取结构体里面各个变量的大小