java异常示例

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-08 13:19:19 发布

mlw爱java

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-08 13:19:19 发布

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文章标签： java python 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m18073423836man/article/details/137697451

版权

本文介绍了如何在Java中创建一个名为Student的类，包含私有属性和构造函数，以及带有异常处理的方法来设置ID、姓名和年龄。还展示了如何使用Scanner从用户输入获取数据并处理边界异常。

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package com.jsu.ex;

public class Student {
    private String ID;
    private String name;
    private int age;


    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String ID, String name, int age) {
        this.ID = ID;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return ID
     */
    public String getID() {
        return ID;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param ID
     */
    public void setID(String ID) {
        int len = ID.length();
        if(len!=4){
            throw new IDOutException(ID+"超出范围，长度应是4");
        }
        this.ID = ID;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return name
     */
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param name
     */
    public void setName(String name) {
        int len = name.length();
        if(len>10){
            throw new NameOutException(name+"超出范围，应在10以内");
        }
        this.name = name;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return age
     */
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param age
     */
    public void setAge(int age) {
        if(age>30 || age<10){
            throw new AgeOutException(age+"不符合规范，应在10~30之内");
        }
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "Student{ID = " + ID + ", name = " + name + ", age = " + age + "}";
    }
}

package com.jsu.ex;

public class IDOutException extends RuntimeException{
    public IDOutException() {
    }

    public IDOutException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

package com.jsu.ex;

public class NameOutException extends RuntimeException{
    public NameOutException() {
    }

    public NameOutException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

package com.jsu.ex;

public class AgeOutException extends RuntimeException{
    public AgeOutException() {
    }

    public AgeOutException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

package com.jsu.ex;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        Student student = new Student();

        while (true) {
            try {
                System.out.println("输入学生的ID");
                String id = scan.nextLine();
                student.setID(id);

                System.out.println("输入学生的姓名");
                String name = scan.nextLine();
                student.setName(name);

                System.out.println("输入学生的年龄");
                int age;
                while (true) {
                    try {
                        age = Integer.parseInt(scan.nextLine());
                        break; // 输入正确，退出循环
                    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                        System.out.println("年龄必须为数字，请重新输入");
                    }
                }
                student.setAge(age);

            } catch (IDOutException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (NameOutException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (AgeOutException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            System.out.println(student.toString());
        }
    }
}