多线程（四）

ReentrantLock

1，使用Synchronized实现同步

public class ReentrantLock1 {
	synchronized void m1() {
		for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
			try {
				TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println(i);
		}
		
	}
	
	synchronized void m2() {
		System.out.println("m2 ...");
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ReentrantLock1 rl = new ReentrantLock1();
		new Thread(rl::m1).start();
		try {
			TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		new Thread(rl::m2).start();
	}
}

2，使用ReentrantLock实现，但是必须手动释放锁，必须手动释放锁，在Sychronized中，遇到异常时jvm会自动释放锁

public class ReentrantLock2 {
	Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

	void m1() {
		try {
			lock.lock(); //synchronized(this)
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
				TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);

				System.out.println(i);
			}
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}

	void m2() {
		lock.lock();
		System.out.println("m2 ...");
		lock.unlock();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ReentrantLock2 rl = new ReentrantLock2();
		new Thread(rl::m1).start();
		try {
			TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		new Thread(rl::m2).start();
	}
}

3，在ReentrantLock中也可以使用tryLock尝试去获取锁

public class ReentrantLock3 {
	Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

	void m1() {
		try {
			lock.lock();
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
				TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);

				System.out.println(i);
			}
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 使用tryLock进行尝试锁定，不管锁定与否，方法都将继续执行
	 * 可以根据tryLock的返回值来判定是否锁定
	 * 也可以指定tryLock的时间，由于tryLock(time)抛出异常，所以要注意unclock的处理，必须放到finally中
	 */
	void m2() {
		/*
		boolean locked = lock.tryLock();
		System.out.println("m2 ..." + locked);
		if(locked) lock.unlock();
		*/
		
		boolean locked = false;
		
		try {
			locked = lock.tryLock(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
			System.out.println("m2 ..." + locked);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if(locked) lock.unlock();
		}
		
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ReentrantLock3 rl = new ReentrantLock3();
		new Thread(rl::m1).start();
		try {
			TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		new Thread(rl::m2).start();
	}
}

4，使用ReentrantLock还可以调用lockInterruptibly方法，可以对线程interrupt方法做出响应

public class ReentrantLock4 {
		
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
		
		
		Thread t1 = new Thread(()->{
			try {
				lock.lock();
				System.out.println("t1 start");
				TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
				System.out.println("t1 end");
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				System.out.println("interrupted!");
			} finally {
				lock.unlock();
			}
		});
		t1.start();
		
		Thread t2 = new Thread(()->{
			try {
				//lock.lock();
				lock.lockInterruptibly(); //可以对interrupt()方法做出响应
				System.out.println("t2 start");
				TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
				System.out.println("t2 end");
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				System.out.println("interrupted!");
			} finally {
				lock.unlock();
			}
		});
		t2.start();
		
		try {
			TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		t2.interrupt(); //打断线程2的等待
		
	}
}

5，ReentrantLock还可以指定为公平锁

public class ReentrantLock5 extends Thread {
		
	private static ReentrantLock lock=new ReentrantLock(true); //参数为true表示为公平锁，请对比输出结果
    public void run() {
        for(int i=0; i<100; i++) {
            lock.lock();
            try{
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"获得锁");
            }finally{
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ReentrantLock5 rl=new ReentrantLock5();
        Thread th1=new Thread(rl);
        Thread th2=new Thread(rl);
        th1.start();
        th2.start();
    }
}