CompletableFuture

测试代码

package com.test;

import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;

public class testFuture {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        CompletableFuture<Object> result = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(testFuture::fun);
        System.out.println("===========");
        System.out.println(result.get());
        System.out.println("over");
    }

    static Integer fun() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return 233;//研究"任务提交"时这部分是0，研究“获取结果”时这部分是233
    }
}

研究

任务提交

调用CompletableFuture.supplyAsync方法后，会在主线程中触发创建线程的start操作

调用堆栈

createWorker:1486, ForkJoinPool (java.util.concurrent)
tryAddWorker:1517, ForkJoinPool (java.util.concurrent)
signalWork:1634, ForkJoinPool (java.util.concurrent)
externalSubmit:2367, ForkJoinPool (java.util.concurrent)
externalPush:2419, ForkJoinPool (java.util.concurrent)
execute:2648, ForkJoinPool (java.util.concurrent)
asyncSupplyStage:1618, CompletableFuture (java.util.concurrent)
supplyAsync:1827, CompletableFuture (java.util.concurrent)
main:7, testFuture (com.test)

调用堆栈

fun:15, testFuture (com.test)
get:-1, 97730845 (com.test.testFuture$$Lambda$1)
run:1604, CompletableFuture$AsyncSupply (java.util.concurrent)
exec:1596, CompletableFuture$AsyncSupply (java.util.concurrent)
doExec:289, ForkJoinTask (java.util.concurrent)
runTask:1056, ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue (java.util.concurrent)
runWorker:1692, ForkJoinPool (java.util.concurrent)
run:157, ForkJoinWorkerThread (java.util.concurrent)

ForkJoinPool#createWorker中的wt.start()中的wt的类型是ForkJoinWorkerThread

获取结果

用于获取结果的CompletableFuture#get方法运行在主线程，而真正执行运算的是另一个线程(下文称之为"从线程"，以示区别)，这里就涉及到线程之间数据传输。
在本案例中，CompletableFuture使用了一个经过volitale修饰的变量实现线程通信

    volatile Object result;       // Either the result or boxed AltResult

在从线程中，当计算完成之后会将结果存入result对象中

调用堆栈

completeValue:264, CompletableFuture (java.util.concurrent)
run:1604, CompletableFuture$AsyncSupply (java.util.concurrent)
exec:1596, CompletableFuture$AsyncSupply (java.util.concurrent)
doExec:289, ForkJoinTask (java.util.concurrent)
runTask:1056, ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue (java.util.concurrent)
runWorker:1692, ForkJoinPool (java.util.concurrent)
run:157, ForkJoinWorkerThread (java.util.concurrent)

简单介绍compareAndSwapObject方法

  /***
  * Compares the value of the object field at the specified offset
  * in the supplied object with the given expected value, and updates
  * it if they match.  The operation of this method should be atomic,
  * thus providing an uninterruptible way of updating an object field.
  *
  * @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
  * @param offset the offset of the object field within <code>obj</code>.
  * @param expect the expected value of the field.
  * @param update the new value of the field if it equals <code>expect</code>.
  * @return true if the field was changed.
  */
 public native boolean compareAndSwapObject(Object obj, long offset, Object expect, Object >update);

在主线程中会不断的循环检查result对象是否为空，当不为空时立即返回结果

调用堆栈

waitingGet:1727, CompletableFuture (java.util.concurrent)
get:1908, CompletableFuture (java.util.concurrent)
main:9, testFuture (com.test)